Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-08-18T14:34:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Joana Farias dos Santos.pdf: 22299426 bytes, checksum: 81d0ca2bff111fd3e0327131ba752062 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-18T14:34:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Joana Farias dos Santos.pdf: 22299426 bytes, checksum: 81d0ca2bff111fd3e0327131ba752062 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-22 / Programa de Capacita??o da Universidade do Estado da Bahia, PAC - UNEB, Brasil. / Reclaimed areas constitute ecosystems where soil and part of subsoil were suppressed. They show minimal resilience levels and need antropogenic interference for rehabilitation in the regional context. In this study it was evaluated 5 reforestations with different species and functional properties (treatments) after a lapse of 13-years. In chapter 1 it was evaluated the development, horizontal structure and floristic composition of shrubby-arboreal stratum. In chapter 2 understory spontaneous regeneration and in chapter 3 similarity of floristic composition between rehabilitation and a spontaneous restored area (~ 40 years old) were determined. At reforestation sites with five different groups of species, floristic composition increased from 12 to 23 species, distributed on 12 families and 276 individuals, where Fabaceae was the major family. For spontaneous regeneration 3.554 individuals were surveyed (1.438 on winter and 2.116 at summer) and the most representative families were Asteraceae and Poaceae. At the restoration site, it was observed 967 individuals from spontaneous regeneration, and the most representative families were Asteraceae and Sapindaceae, showing that there is low similarity between rehabilitation and restoration environments. All treatments displayed advances in the environmental sustainability, but two combinations of species had different performances in the rehabilitation of the reclaimed areas. / ?reas de empr?stimo constituem ecossistemas onde o solo e partes do subsolo foram suprimidas. Elas apresentam n?veis m?nimos de resili?ncia, necessitando de interven??es antr?picas para sua reabilita??o ao contexto regional. Neste estudo se avaliaram 5 reflorestamentos com esp?cies e propriedades funcionais diferentes (tratamentos), seus desempenhos e sustentabilidade ambiental depois de transcorridos 13 anos. No Cap?tulo I foram avaliados o desenvolvimento, a estrutura horizontal e a composi??o flor?stica do estrato arb?reo-arbustivo. No Cap?tulo II, a regenera??o espont?nea nos sub-bosques e no Cap?tulo III, a similaridade entre composi??es flor?sticas de ?reas em reabilita??o e em restaura??o espont?nea, com aproximadamente 40 anos. Nos reflorestamentos com 5 diferentes conjuntos de esp?cies, a composi??o flor?stica aumentou de 12 para 23 esp?cies, distribu?das em 12 fam?lias e 276 indiv?duos, sendo a Fabaceae a principal fam?lia. Foram encontrados 3.554 indiv?duos regenerantes (1.438 no inverno e 2.116 no ver?o) e as fam?lias bot?nicas mais representativas foram Asteraceae e Poaceae. Na ?rea em restaura??o, foram observados 967 indiv?duos regenerantes e as fam?lias Asteraceae e Sapindaceae tiveram maior representa??o, evidenciando que h? pequena similaridade entre esp?cies de ambientes em reabilita??o e restaura??o. Todos os tratamentos demonstraram avan?os na sustentabilidade ambiental, por?m duas combina??es de esp?cies se diferenciaram no desempenho da reabilita??o de ?reas de empr?stimo.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-08-30T15:49:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Juliana M?ller Freire.pdf: 12006121 bytes, checksum: 145a6bd3be51d71faac2dfdc0a20e5c4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-30T15:49:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Juliana M?ller Freire.pdf: 12006121 bytes, checksum: 145a6bd3be51d71faac2dfdc0a20e5c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-01 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / This study aimed to evaluate the structure and floristics of shrubs and trees in areas of northern and southern slopes in the southern portion of the Maci?o da Pedra Branca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. We tested the hypothesis that different component orientations may influence the structure and floristic changes. In a sample area of 9.700 m2, divided into ten areas, were surveyed 1508 individuals, distributed in 324 species, 154 genera and 52 families. The families richest in species were: Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae and Euphorbiaceae. The Diversity Index Shannon-Wiener (H ') was 5.093 nats / indiv., And the evenness (J) was 0.881. Horizontal structure in the species Joannesia princeps, Piptadenia gonoacantha e Pseudopiptadenia contorta, Meternichia princeps, Apuleia leiocarpa, Astrocaryum aculeatissimum, Chrysophyllum flexuosum reached the highest value of phytosociological importance. A phytosociological analysis of each individual area indicated significant floristic and structural variations, with a trend toward greater diversity is found in areas of higher altitude and farther from the urban perimeter. Of the 324 species found in the study, 124 were found exclusively on the north side, 100 on the southern slope and 100 occurred in both strands. The exclusive species and more frequent on the north side were Brosimum guianense e Annona cacans, Zollernia ilicifolia, Couratari pyramidata, Lecythis pisonis e Gallesia integrifolia. On the southern slope, the exclusive species that stood out were Cariniana estrellensis, Cabralea canjerana, Eugenia microcarpa. Cluster analysis among the ten areas indicated, in general, greater similarity due to the proximity between areas than for the orientation of the slope, however comparing the north and south closer together, it is observed that the highest diversity indices, most proportion of rare species and unique and the most advanced stages of succession were found on the southern slope. The cases where this did not happen were observed in areas closer to the urban boundaries that regardless of the slope were less floristic diversity. The diameter distribution model presented inverted J, with a diameter range quite variable between areas. No pattern was found between the diameter distribution and orientation of the slope. Comparing the flora of Pedra Branca with other forest areas in Rio de Janeiro, there was generally a low floristic similarity. The major floristic identity occurred with the work in-house Pedra Branca, Serra da Tiririca, and Tijuca Forest. Works out of the city showed floristic similarity below 25%. The high diversity of the studied area is a reflection of its high environmental heterogeneity, related to differences in altitude, slope orientation, successional stage and history of use, which puts the Pedra Branca as a strategic area for species conservation in Rio de Janeiro. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a estrutura e a flor?stica do estrato arbustivo e arb?reo em ?reas de encostas norte e sul, na por??o meridional do maci?o da Pedra Branca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Foi testada a hip?tese que diferentes orienta??es de vertente podem influenciar a estrutura e a flor?stica da vegeta??o. Em uma ?rea amostral de 9.700 m2, distribu?das em dez ?reas, foram inventariados 1.508 indiv?duos, distribu?dos em 324 esp?cies, 154 g?neros e 52 fam?lias. As fam?lias mais ricas em esp?cies na foram: Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae e Euphorbiaceae. O ?ndice de Diversidade de Shannon- Wiener (H?) foi de 5,093 nats/indiv., e a equabilidade (J) foi de 0,881. Na estrutura horizontal as esp?cies Joannesia princeps, Piptadenia gonoacantha e Pseudopiptadenia contorta, Meternichia princeps, Apuleia leiocarpa, Astrocaryum aculeatissimum, Chrysophyllum flexuosum alcan?aram o maior valor de import?ncia fitossociol?gico. A an?lise fitossociol?gica de cada ?rea indicou importantes varia??es estruturais e flor?sticas, com tend?ncia ? maior diversidade ser encontrada nas ?reas de maior altitude e mais distantes do per?metro urbano. Das 324 esp?cies encontradas no trabalho, 124 ocorreram exclusivamente na vertente norte, 100 na vertente sul e 100 ocorreram em ambas as vertentes. As esp?cies exclusivas e mais freq?ente na vertente norte foram o Brosimum guianense e Annona cacans, Zollernia ilicifolia, Couratari pyramidata, Lecythis pisonis e Gallesia integrifolia. Na vertente sul, as esp?cies exclusivas que mais se destacaram foram Cariniana estrellensis, Cabralea canjerana, Eugenia microcarpa. A an?lise de agrupamento entre as dez ?reas indicou, em geral, maior semelhan?a em decorr?ncia da proximidade entre ?reas do que pela orienta??o da encosta, entretanto comparando as vertentes norte e sul mais pr?ximas, observase que os maiores ?ndices de diversidade, a maior propor??o de esp?cies raras e exclusivas e os est?gios de sucess?o mais avan?ados foram encontradas na vertente sul. Os casos em que isso n?o ocorreu foram observados nas ?reas mais pr?ximas ao per?metro urbano que, independente da vertente apresentaram menor diversidade flor?stica. A distribui??o diam?trica apresentou modelo do J invertido, sendo a amplitude diam?trica bastante vari?vel entre ?reas. N?o foi encontrado um padr?o entre distribui??o diam?trica e a orienta??o da encosta. Comparando a flor?stica do trecho estudado do Maci?o da Pedra Branca com outras ?reas florestais do Rio de Janeiro, observou-se uma baixa similaridade flor?stica. A maior identidade flor?stica ocorreu com trabalhos realizados na pr?pria Pedra Branca, na Serra da Tiririca, e na Floresta da Tijuca. Trabalhos fora do munic?pio apresentaram similaridade flor?stica inferior a 25%. A elevada diversidade da ?rea estudada ? reflexo da sua alta heterogeneidade ambiental, relacionada a diferen?as na altitude, orienta??o de encosta, est?gio sucessional e hist?rico de uso, o que coloca a Maci?o da Pedra Branca como ?rea estrat?gica para conserva??o de esp?cies do munic?pio do Rio de Janeiro.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-10T22:12:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RaimundoLucianoSoaresNeto_DISSERT.pdf: 2577501 bytes, checksum: 109a85eff08d7c54f8ca1def82c5e92b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-17T23:54:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RaimundoLucianoSoaresNeto_DISSERT.pdf: 2577501 bytes, checksum: 109a85eff08d7c54f8ca1def82c5e92b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-17T23:54:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RaimundoLucianoSoaresNeto_DISSERT.pdf: 2577501 bytes, checksum: 109a85eff08d7c54f8ca1def82c5e92b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Capparaceae abrange 25 g?neros e 480 esp?cies, das quais aproximadamente 110 s?o compreendidas em 18 g?neros na regi?o Neotropical. Sua distribui??o ? pantropical com grande frequ?ncia em ambientes sazonalmente secos. Seus representantes apresentam h?bito arb?reo, arbustivo e raramente lianescente, folhas simples ou compostas 3-folioladas, br?cteas florais reduzidas e dec?duas, flores tetr?meras e noturnas com estames exsertos numerosos, ov?rio s?pero sobre um gin?foro, frutos carnosos deiscentes ou indeiscentes. Para o Brasil s?o registrados 12 g?neros e 28 esp?cies das quais 12 s?o end?micas do pa?s, ocorrendo preferencialmente em savana est?pica (strictu senso), floresta estacional semidecidual e restinga. O presente trabalho est? dividido em dois cap?tulos. O primeiro cap?tulo aborda o padr?o de distribui??o das esp?cies que ocorrem no semi?rido brasileiro e sua distribui??o intra Caatinga. Os padr?es de distribui??o foram determinados a partir da revis?o da distribui??o das esp?cies em cole??es de herb?rios e complementados com dados obtidos de bibliografia espec?fica da fam?lia. Foram avaliadas a riqueza, esfor?o de coleta e similaridade flor?stica das esp?cies intra Caatinga pelo m?todo de quadr?culas de 1 ? 1 grau. Seis g?neros e oito esp?cies foram registradas na Caatinga, sendo quatro end?micas do Brasil, dessas, apenas uma ? end?mica da Caatinga, e quatro apresentaram distribui??o neotropical. Quatro padr?es foram observados: restrito ao NE, amplo e cont?nuo no Brasil, disjunto e neotropical. Todas as esp?cies foram registradas na Bahia, estado que apresentou a maior riqueza de esp?cies por quadr?cula e tamb?m not?vel esfor?o amostral das esp?cies da fam?lia. O estado do Piau? apresenta ?reas priorit?rias para futuras coletas de Capparaceae, devido a pouca representatividade da fam?lia no estado. A an?lise de similaridade flor?stica intra Caatinga mostrou-se baixa, 22%, provavelmente devido a poucas esp?cies da fam?lia na regi?o e a ampla distribui??o das mesmas. No segundo cap?tulo ? apresentada a flora de Capparaceae para o Rio Grande do Norte (RN), visto que o estado possui uma flora pouco conhecida, com estudos pontuais. Atrav?s de coletas no estado e revis?o de herb?rio foram registrados cinco g?neros e seis esp?cies de Capparaceae no RN: Capparidastrum (1); Crateva (1); Cynophalla (2); Mesocapparis (1) e Neocalyptrocalyx (1). Capparidastrum frondosum e Mesocapparis lineata s?o novas ocorr?ncias para o estado. S?o apresentadas uma chave de identifica??o, descri??es e imagens, coment?rios sobre a biologia das esp?cies e Unidades de Conserva??o onde ocorrem. / Capparaceae comprises 25 genera and 480 species, of which 110 are included in 18 genera in Neotropics. Its distribution is pantropical with high frequency in seasonally dry environments. Its representatives are woody, shrubs and rarely wines, with simple leave or compound 3-foliolate, shorts and deciduous floral bracts, tetramerous and nocturnal flowers with exserts and numerous stamens, ovary supero on a gynophore and fleshy fruits, dehiscents or indehiscentes. For Brazil, 12 genera and 28 species are recorded and 12 of that are endemic to the country, occurring preferentially in vegetation of savanna est?pica s.str., seasonal semideciduos forest and restinga. This work shows two chapters. In the first chapter, the distributions patterns of the species occurring in the brazilian semi-arid region and their distribution intra Caatinga are discussed. The distribution patterns were determined from a review of the distribution of species in herbaria collections and supplemented with data obtained from specific bibliography about the family. A map containing 1 ? 1 grid cells was used to evaluate the richness, collection efforts and floristic similarity of the species intra Caatinga. Six genera and eight species were registered in Caatinga. Four species are endemic to Brazil, with only one endemic to Caatinga, and the other four are widespread in Neotropics. Four distribution patterns were observed: restricted to the NE, broad and continuous in Brazil, disjunct and neotropical. All the species were recorded in Bahia, state with the highest species richness per grid cell and also remarkable sampling efforts species of the family. The state of Piau? presents priority areas for further collection of Capparaceae, due to low family representation in the state. The floristic similarity analysis intra Caatinga was low, 22 %, probably due to a few species of the family in the region and the wide distribution of the same. The second chapter presents the Capparaceae of flora to Rio Grande do Norte (RN), since the state has a little-known flora, with specific studies. Through collections in the state and herbaria review, five genera and six species of Capparaceae were recorded in RN: Capparidastrum (1 spp.); Crateva (1 spp.); Cynophalla (2 spp.); Mesocapparis (1 spp.) and Neocalyptrocalyx (1 spp.). Capparidastrum frondosum and Mesocapparis lineata are new records for the state. An identification key, descriptions and images, comments on the biology of the species and protected areas where they occur are showed.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-08-29T11:54:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011- Kelly Cristina da Silva.pdf: 7307607 bytes, checksum: 8d84ec46e5af2c80b3625d586980819b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-29T11:54:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011- Kelly Cristina da Silva.pdf: 7307607 bytes, checksum: 8d84ec46e5af2c80b3625d586980819b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The Atlantic Forest is one of the world's biodiversity hotspots because of the diversity and high degrees of endemism and threat. Melastomataceae is a plant family typical of this biome, and it is represented by more than 500 species that occur from restingas (sandy coastal plain habitats) to the upper montane forests and high-altitude grasslands. Despite this broad representation, there are few taxonomic studies of this family for this biome, and especially of the flora of Rio de Janeiro state. The present study aims to survey the Melastomataceae at Marambaia, an island included in the Atlantic Forest biome, as well as taxonomic and floristic similarity studies. It has significant ecological importance as a natural refuge for several plant species of the Tropical Moist Forest and for the preservation of genetic heritage. The vegetation types are Submontane Tropical Moist Forest and restinga, and the Melastomataceae is represented by seven genera and 25 species, of which 13 (52%) represent new records for the area. Miconia is the largest genus with 10 species, followed by Tibouchina (6 spp.), Leandra (4 spp.), Clidemia (2spp.) and Huberia, Marcetia and Ossaea (1 sp. each). Descriptions, illustrations, and a key to identify the taxa are provided. Morphological characteristics of leaves, inflorescences, buds, petals, hypanthium, stamens, indumentum, fruits, and seeds are diagnostic to distinguish the taxa. Comments on morphological peculiarities of species and geographical, phenological, and conservation status data are also presented. Three species are cited on the list of endangered species of Rio de Janeiro municipality. Among the vegetation formations, the Submontane Tropical Moist Forest has the highest species richness (23 species), while in restingas the richness is lower, with eight species in forest formations, five species in shrubby formations, and only two species in herbaceous formations. Similarity between the vegetation formations of Marambaia was low, ranging between 4.2% and 40%. Despite the strong relationship between these formations and their physical proximity, the four areas at Marambaia have low species similarity. Key words: Atlantic / A Floresta Atl?ntica ? um dos hotspots mundiais de biodiversidade devido ? elevada diversidade e graus de endemismo e amea?a. Dentre as fam?lias vegetais t?picas desse bioma est? Melastomataceae, com mais de 500 esp?cies e que ocorrem desde as restingas at? as florestas altomontanas e campos de altitude. Apesar dessa numerosa representatividade, poucos s?o os estudos taxon?micos sobre esta fam?lia na flora fluminense. Desse modo, o presente estudo tem como objetivo realizar o levantamento flor?stico da fam?lia Melastomataceae na Marambaia, uma regi?o insular integrada no bioma Floresta Atl?ntica, bem como estudos taxon?micos e de similaridade flor?stica. Ela desempenha significativa import?ncia ecol?gica como um ref?gio natural para diversas esp?cies de plantas da Mata Pluvial e atua na preserva??o do patrim?nio gen?tico. Nessa regi?o insular, onde a cobertura vegetal ? de Floresta Ombr?fila Densa Submontana e Restinga, a representatividade da fam?lia Melastomataceae mostra-se expressiva, constitu?da de sete g?neros e 25 esp?cies, das quais 13 correspondem a novos registros para a ?rea. Miconia ? o g?nero mais numeroso, com 10 esp?cies, seguido por Tibouchina (6 spp.), Leandra (4 spp.), Clidemia ( 2spp.) e Huberia, Marcetia e Ossaea (1 sp. cada). S?o apresentadas descri??es, ilustra??es e chaves para identifica??o dos t?xons. Caracter?sticas morfol?gicas das folhas, infloresc?ncias, ?pice dos bot?es florais e p?talas, hipanto, estames, tipos de indumento, frutos e sementes mostram-se diagn?sticas para a identifica??o dos t?xons. Coment?rios sobre particularidades morfol?gicas das esp?cies e dados geogr?ficos, fenol?gicos e sobre o estado de conserva??o das esp?cies, tamb?m s?o apresentados. Tr?s esp?cies s?o citadas na lista das esp?cies amea?adas de extin??o para o munic?pio do Rio de Janeiro. Dentre as forma??es vegetais analisadas, a Floresta Ombr?fila Densa Submontana apresentou a maior riqueza de esp?cies (23 esp?cies), enquanto nas restingas a riqueza foi menor, com oito esp?cies nas Forma??es Florestais, cinco esp?cies nas Forma??es Arbustivas e apenas duas esp?cies nas Forma??es Herb?ceas. A similaridade entre as forma??es vegetais da Marambaia foi baixa, variando entre 4,2% e 40%. Apesar da elevada rela??o entre essas forma??es e suas proximidades f?sicas na Marambaia, as quatro ?reas guardam poucas semelhan?as na composi??o de esp?cies

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-13T13:10:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KarlaJulieteDePaivaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 3412095 bytes, checksum: c27e612052c475a4f87b4cafbfe37fc5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-24T12:16:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 KarlaJulieteDePaivaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 3412095 bytes, checksum: c27e612052c475a4f87b4cafbfe37fc5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-24T12:16:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KarlaJulieteDePaivaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 3412095 bytes, checksum: c27e612052c475a4f87b4cafbfe37fc5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Objetivo: As comunidades de restinga s?o formadas predominantemente por esp?cies oriundas dos Dom?nios Caatinga, Cerrado, Amaz?nia e Mata Atl?ntica, que passam pelo forte filtro ambiental representado pelas condi??es estressantes caracter?sticas de ambientes costeiros. Neste estudo, propomos testar se a varia??o ambiental do litoral brasileiro ? suficiente para criar filtros adicionais para as esp?cies da restinga. Localiza??o: Toda a extens?o da costa do Brasil, Am?rica do Sul. M?todos Constru?mos uma base de dados contendo informa??es bin?rias da flora terrestre da restinga presente em 164 localidades ao longo do litoral brasileiro. Para cada uma destas localidades, obtivemos um conjunto de 41 vari?veis ambientais, incluindo vari?veis clim?ticas e ed?ficas. Usamos Modelos de Arqu?tipos de Esp?cies (MAEs) para avaliar a resposta das esp?cies da restinga ? varia??o representada pelas vari?veis abi?ticas. Tamb?m investigamos a exist?ncia de gradientes flor?sticos atrav?s de uma An?lise de Coordenadas Principais (ACoP). Usamos estas duas abordagens estat?sticas para os dados de esp?cies herb?ceas e lenhosas, separadamente. Resultados: Foram formados 4 arqu?tipos de esp?cies herb?ceas em resposta a 10 vari?veis ambientais e 10 arqu?tipos de esp?cies lenhosas em resposta a 6 vari?veis ambientais. Os arqu?tipos de esp?cies herb?ceas responderam aos gradientes ambientais mais fortemente que os arqu?tipos de esp?cies lenhosas, embora, em geral, apenas poucos arqu?tipos mostraram fortes respostas ? varia??o ambiental. Adicionalmente, as comunidades herb?ceas da restinga n?o foram estruturadas por gradientes flor?sticos significativos e as comunidades lenhosas n?o formaram gradientes flor?sticos n?tidos, sugerindo um alto n?vel de estocasticidade na forma??o da estrutura flor?stica da restinga. Principais Conclus?es: A varia??o ambiental do litoral brasileiro parece criar filtros adicionais para as esp?cies herb?ceas e lenhosas da restinga, o que ? mais importante para a distribui??o das esp?cies herb?ceas. A baixa resposta das esp?cies ?s vari?veis ambientais sugere que a varia??o flor?stica da restinga resulta mais da rela??o espacial entre a restinga e os Dom?nios flor?sticos adjacentes. / Aim The plant communities of restinga are shaped by species from Caatinga, Cerrado, Amazon and Atlantic Domains which are able to cope with stressful conditions from the Brazilian coast. We tested whether environmental variation along the Brazilian coast is strong enough to impose additional filters for the restinga species. Location The entire coast of the Brazil, South America. Methods We gathered information about species composition from 164 distinct localities along the Brazilian coast to construct a binary database of restinga flora. For each of these localities, we obtained a set of 41 environmental variables, including climate and edaphic variables. We used Species Archetype Models (SAMs) to evaluate the response of the restinga species to the variation represented by abiotic variables. We also investigated the existence of floristic gradients using a Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA). We use these two statistical approaches for data of herbaceous and woody species, separately. Results We found four archetypes of herbaceous species in response to 10 environmental variables, and 10 archetypes of woody species in response to 6 environmental variables. The archetypes of herbaceous responded to environmental gradients more strongly than archetypes of woody species, althout, in general, just few archetypes showed strong responses to environmental variation. Additionally, the herbaceous communities from restinga were not structured by significant floristic gradients and the woody communities did not have clear floristic gradientes, suggesting a high level of stochasticity shapping the floristic structure of restinga. Main conclusions The environmental variation along the Brazilian coast seems to create additional filters for herbaceous and woody species of restinga, which are more important to the distribution of herbaceous species. However the low response of species to the environment suggests that the floristic variation of restinga results over from a spatial relationship between the restinga and the Caatinga, Cerrado, Amazon, Atlantic and Pampa Domains.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:56:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JULIANA MULLER FREIRE 1.pdf: 749833 bytes, checksum: a742c73867fc6e2a5a39f7af7a54b15e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-01 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This study aimed to evaluate the structure and floristics of shrubs and trees in areas of northern and southern slopes in the southern portion of the Maci?o da Pedra Branca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. We tested the hypothesis that different component orientations may influence the structure and floristic changes. In a sample area of 9.700 m2, divided into ten areas, were surveyed 1508 individuals, distributed in 324 species, 154 genera and 52 families. The families richest in species were: Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae and Euphorbiaceae. The Diversity Index Shannon-Wiener (H ') was 5.093 nats / indiv., And the evenness (J) was 0.881. Horizontal structure in the species Joannesia princeps, Piptadenia gonoacantha e Pseudopiptadenia contorta, Meternichia princeps, Apuleia leiocarpa, Astrocaryum aculeatissimum, Chrysophyllum flexuosum reached the highest value of phytosociological importance. A phytosociological analysis of each individual area indicated significant floristic and structural variations, with a trend toward greater diversity is found in areas of higher altitude and farther from the urban perimeter. Of the 324 species found in the study, 124 were found exclusively on the north side, 100 on the southern slope and 100 occurred in both strands. The exclusive species and more frequent on the north side were Brosimum guianense e Annona cacans, Zollernia ilicifolia, Couratari pyramidata, Lecythis pisonis e Gallesia integrifolia. On the southern slope, the exclusive species that stood out were Cariniana estrellensis, Cabralea canjerana, Eugenia microcarpa. Cluster analysis among the ten areas indicated, in general, greater similarity due to the proximity between areas than for the orientation of the slope, however comparing the north and south closer together, it is observed that the highest diversity indices, most proportion of rare species and unique and the most advanced stages of succession were found on the southern slope. The cases where this did not happen were observed in areas closer to the urban boundaries that regardless of the slope were less floristic diversity. The diameter distribution model presented inverted J, with a diameter range quite variable between areas. No pattern was found between the diameter distribution and orientation of the slope. Comparing the flora of Pedra Branca with other forest areas in Rio de Janeiro, there was generally a low floristic similarity. The major floristic identity occurred with the work in-house Pedra Branca, Serra da Tiririca, and Tijuca Forest. Works out of the city showed floristic similarity below 25%. The high diversity of the studied area is a reflection of its high environmental heterogeneity, related to differences in altitude, slope orientation, successional stage and history of use, which puts the Pedra Branca as a strategic area for species conservation in Rio de Janeiro. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a estrutura e a flor?stica do estrato arbustivo e arb?reo em ?reas de encostas norte e sul, na por??o meridional do maci?o da Pedra Branca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Foi testada a hip?tese que diferentes orienta??es de vertente podem influenciar a estrutura e a flor?stica da vegeta??o. Em uma ?rea amostral de 9.700 m2, distribu?das em dez ?reas, foram inventariados 1.508 indiv?duos, distribu?dos em 324 esp?cies, 154 g?neros e 52 fam?lias. As fam?lias mais ricas em esp?cies na foram: Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae e Euphorbiaceae. O ?ndice de Diversidade de Shannon- Wiener (H ) foi de 5,093 nats/indiv., e a equabilidade (J) foi de 0,881. Na estrutura horizontal as esp?cies Joannesia princeps, Piptadenia gonoacantha e Pseudopiptadenia contorta, Meternichia princeps, Apuleia leiocarpa, Astrocaryum aculeatissimum, Chrysophyllum flexuosum alcan?aram o maior valor de import?ncia fitossociol?gico. A an?lise fitossociol?gica de cada ?rea indicou importantes varia??es estruturais e flor?sticas, com tend?ncia ? maior diversidade ser encontrada nas ?reas de maior altitude e mais distantes do per?metro urbano. Das 324 esp?cies encontradas no trabalho, 124 ocorreram exclusivamente na vertente norte, 100 na vertente sul e 100 ocorreram em ambas as vertentes. As esp?cies exclusivas e mais freq?ente na vertente norte foram o Brosimum guianense e Annona cacans, Zollernia ilicifolia, Couratari pyramidata, Lecythis pisonis e Gallesia integrifolia. Na vertente sul, as esp?cies exclusivas que mais se destacaram foram Cariniana estrellensis, Cabralea canjerana, Eugenia microcarpa. A an?lise de agrupamento entre as dez ?reas indicou, em geral, maior semelhan?a em decorr?ncia da proximidade entre ?reas do que pela orienta??o da encosta, entretanto comparando as vertentes norte e sul mais pr?ximas, observase que os maiores ?ndices de diversidade, a maior propor??o de esp?cies raras e exclusivas e os est?gios de sucess?o mais avan?ados foram encontradas na vertente sul. Os casos em que isso n?o ocorreu foram observados nas ?reas mais pr?ximas ao per?metro urbano que, independente da vertente apresentaram menor diversidade flor?stica. A distribui??o diam?trica apresentou modelo do J invertido, sendo a amplitude diam?trica bastante vari?vel entre ?reas. N?o foi encontrado um padr?o entre distribui??o diam?trica e a orienta??o da encosta. Comparando a flor?stica do trecho estudado do Maci?o da Pedra Branca com outras ?reas florestais do Rio de Janeiro, observou-se uma baixa similaridade flor?stica. A maior identidade flor?stica ocorreu com trabalhos realizados na pr?pria Pedra Branca, na Serra da Tiririca, e na Floresta da Tijuca. Trabalhos fora do munic?pio apresentaram similaridade flor?stica inferior a 25%. A elevada diversidade da ?rea estudada ? reflexo da sua alta heterogeneidade ambiental, relacionada a diferen?as na altitude, orienta??o de encosta, est?gio sucessional e hist?rico de uso, o que coloca a Maci?o da Pedra Branca como ?rea estrat?gica para conserva??o de esp?cies do munic?pio do Rio de Janeiro.