Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-10-09Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:01:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_jrv_dr_botfca.pdf: 224920 bytes, checksum: feedce0be6455ed4487da1cf912bf881 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência do safener fluxofenim no tratamento de sementes de sorgo (DKB510 e SCG340), trigo (Avante e Ônix) e arroz (Bonanza e Aimoré), para o aumento da seletividade a aplicação do herbicida Smetolachlor em pré-emergência e determinar a atividade da enzima de detoxificação glutationa S-transferase (GST). O trabalho foi dividido em duas etapas. A primeira etapa constou da avaliação em campo da eficiência do safener em reduzir sintomas visuais de fitointoxicação causados pelo herbicida. Esta etapa foi conduzida na Estação Experimental pertencente à Syngenta Seeds no município de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Na segunda etapa foi determinada a atividade da GST, no Laboratório de Xenobióticos, do Departamento de Química e Bioquímica do Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, Campus de Botucatu, Botucatu, São Paulo. Foram comparadas a suscetibilidade ao herbicida por meio da avaliação visual de injúrias aos 3, 7, 15 e 30 dias após a emergência (DAE), massa seca de raiz e parte aérea aos 10 DAE, além da determinação da atividade da GST. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: aplicação ou não do safener na dose de 40mL por 100 kg... / This work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of fluxofenim used for seed treatment as safener for sorghum, wheat and rice treated with the herbicide S-metolachlor applied in preemergence. The study was divided in two steps. In the first step it was measured the fluxofenim safener potential to reduce visual symptoms of S-metolachlor injury in the field. This phase was conducted in Uberlandia city, Minas Gerais, at Syngenta Experimental Station, and treatments were followed by S-metolachlor at 1.440 and 2.880 mL i.a. ha-1, and fluxofenim at 0, and 40 mL per 100 kg of seeds, and a check without treatment. The second phase was set up at Chemistry and Biochemistry Departament in Botucatu, UNESP, São Paulo, to evaluated glutathione S-transferase activity (GST) in the crops that responded to field treatments with safener. It was used two varieties/hybrids per crop and it was measured herbicide phytotoxity as visual symptoms at 3, 7, 15 and 30 days after emergence, dry matter at 10 DAE, and gluthationa S-transferase activity. Fluxofenim increased S-metolachlor tolerance for both sorghum hybrids, but best results were observed at 1.440 mL i.a. ha-1. Wheat varieties showed low tolerance to S-metolachlor in both rates, and fluxofenim increased S-metolachlor selectivity to wheat but not sufficient, reducing plant population to a non acceptable level. Seed treatment with fluxofenim for both rice varieties had no effect, and both S-metolachlor rates increased killed all plants treated with or without fluxofenim. Gluthationa S-transferase activity for sorghum and wheat increased when seeds treated with fluxofenim were submitted to S-metolachlor at 1.440 mL a.i. ha-1.

Orientador: Dagoberto Martins / Banca: Robson Antonio Pitelli / Banca: Ana Catarina Cataneo / Banca: Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar Alves / Banca: Mario Sérgio Tomazela / Resumo: Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência do safener fluxofenim no tratamento de sementes de sorgo (DKB510 e SCG340), trigo (Avante e Ônix) e arroz (Bonanza e Aimoré), para o aumento da seletividade a aplicação do herbicida Smetolachlor em pré-emergência e determinar a atividade da enzima de detoxificação glutationa S-transferase (GST). O trabalho foi dividido em duas etapas. A primeira etapa constou da avaliação em campo da eficiência do safener em reduzir sintomas visuais de fitointoxicação causados pelo herbicida. Esta etapa foi conduzida na Estação Experimental pertencente à Syngenta Seeds no município de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Na segunda etapa foi determinada a atividade da GST, no Laboratório de Xenobióticos, do Departamento de Química e Bioquímica do Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, Campus de Botucatu, Botucatu, São Paulo. Foram comparadas a suscetibilidade ao herbicida por meio da avaliação visual de injúrias aos 3, 7, 15 e 30 dias após a emergência (DAE), massa seca de raiz e parte aérea aos 10 DAE, além da determinação da atividade da GST. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: aplicação ou não do safener na dose de 40mL por 100 kg ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of fluxofenim used for seed treatment as safener for sorghum, wheat and rice treated with the herbicide S-metolachlor applied in preemergence. The study was divided in two steps. In the first step it was measured the fluxofenim safener potential to reduce visual symptoms of S-metolachlor injury in the field. This phase was conducted in Uberlandia city, Minas Gerais, at Syngenta Experimental Station, and treatments were followed by S-metolachlor at 1.440 and 2.880 mL i.a. ha-1, and fluxofenim at 0, and 40 mL per 100 kg of seeds, and a check without treatment. The second phase was set up at Chemistry and Biochemistry Departament in Botucatu, UNESP, São Paulo, to evaluated glutathione S-transferase activity (GST) in the crops that responded to field treatments with safener. It was used two varieties/hybrids per crop and it was measured herbicide phytotoxity as visual symptoms at 3, 7, 15 and 30 days after emergence, dry matter at 10 DAE, and gluthationa S-transferase activity. Fluxofenim increased S-metolachlor tolerance for both sorghum hybrids, but best results were observed at 1.440 mL i.a. ha-1. Wheat varieties showed low tolerance to S-metolachlor in both rates, and fluxofenim increased S-metolachlor selectivity to wheat but not sufficient, reducing plant population to a non acceptable level. Seed treatment with fluxofenim for both rice varieties had no effect, and both S-metolachlor rates increased killed all plants treated with or without fluxofenim. Gluthationa S-transferase activity for sorghum and wheat increased when seeds treated with fluxofenim were submitted to S-metolachlor at 1.440 mL a.i. ha-1. / Doutor