Spelling suggestions: "subject:"forced migration"" "subject:"enforced migration""
31 |
Should I Stay or Should I Go? : En kvantitativ studie om orsakerna till flyktingmigration 1995-2014Johansson, Tobias January 2016 (has links)
This thesis builds upon the etiology of forced migration studies. It contributes to the field in three specific ways. First, by using a global database that is not limited to OECD countries; second, by observing the last twenty years, which is also the most migrant intense period in human history; third, by operationalizing human rights violations as an independent variable. I conduct statistical analyses using fixed effects least squares, on a pooled cross-sectional time-series data set, consisting of data from 175 countries for the years 1995–2014. My findings contradict two recent studies that have suggested that the reasons behind forced migration have changed since the end of the Cold War. Rather, the results of this study support the conclusion that threats against personal integrity causes people to leave their homes. International violence on the own nations territory as a threat to the personal integrity, civil violence as a threat to the personal integrity and dissident violence as a threat to the personal integrity all have statistical significant effects on refugee populations. I conclude the thesis by suggesting several areas that should be of great interest for further research.
|
32 |
I had some problems back home with a big group of people and it was not safe for me there anymore so I had to run away : How LGBT asylum seekers moveÖstlund, Rosanna January 2016 (has links)
Due to the increased number of the amount of asylum-seekers that have migrated to Sweden lately, the topic has received increased attention. This has contributed to housing shortage and policy reforms for new migrants to arise in order to ensure that everybody gets housing. Asylum seekers often experience more difficult patterns to housing, and for LGBT asylum seekers especially since they are such a marginalised group in our society already. Housing is an important part in the initial settlement stage and good housing enables successful resettlement and that will help with the integration process. The aim of this thesis is to look at LGBT asylum seekers mobility and what constrains and opportunities they face in that process. To answer these questions qualitative method and semi-structured life story interviews have been performed with twelve LGBT asylum seekers. The result of these interviews has been presented around four different concepts that were factors contributing to their mobility. These four concepts that were found in the interviews was forced migration, homophobia, social network and freedom. These findings should be of interest for further studies in order for LGBT asylum seekers mobility patters to become more safe and secure.
|
33 |
The role of civil society in promoting greater social justice for forced migrants living in the inner city of JohannesburgMbombo, Dieudonne Bikoko 03 April 2008 (has links)
ABSTRACT
This paper analyses what has arguably become a salient feature of a ‘just city’ and social
development on an international level, namely social justice. Specifically, it focuses on the
role of the Johannesburg’s civil society organisations in promoting greater social justice for
forced migrants (refugees and asylum seekers) living in the downtown Johannesburg. For this
purpose, a case study was carried out, particularly with Africa’s forced migrants living in the
inner city of Johannesburg (in Hillbrow and Yeoville). The research makes use of in-depth
interview and participant observation methods to uncover the perspectives of a group of
refugees and asylum seekers and members of seven civil society organisations, working with
forced migrants in Johannesburg. The main research question that the study addresses is:
What role can civil society organisations play in facilitating greater social justice for Africa’s
asylum seekers and refugees living in the inner city of Johannesburg?
I have concluded that Johannesburg’s civil society organisations have the potential, which
may allow them to bring social transformation and create a just city by promoting a greater
social justice for forced migrants living in the inner city. To achieve this goal, they should
play a reformative and transformative role in the inner city, by challenging government
exclusionary policies and decisions relating to the forced migrants; and, at the same time, they
should mediate between the government and forced migrants at the local and national levels.
To conclude this report, I recommended civil society organisations to develop strong
collaboration with the city’s planners for a better improvement of the quality of life of forced
migrants in the inner city. I also recommend the national government to decentralise its
decision-making power on international migration issues by conferring to the provinces and
local governments certain power which can allow them to develop internal structures (taking
into account the context of each province), which can allow them to protect the basic rights of
refugees and asylum seekers, such as the rights to work, to study, and to access free health care.
|
34 |
Caught in a gap? An examination and human rights assessment of immigration detention laws and practices in South AfricaTay, Roanna 19 March 2013 (has links)
Abstract: This study examines the laws and practices relating to immigration detention in
South Africa. It provides an in-depth examination of the legislation, with reference to known
state practices and cases where migrants have been subjected to prolonged and repeated
periods of immigration detention. The study highlights gaps in South African law that
contribute to certain categories of migrants being especially vulnerable to immigration
detention. Four categories are identified: (1) asylum seekers; (2) persons with difficulty
obtaining travel documents; (3) stateless person; and (4) persons subject to other prohibitions
against refoulement. The study offers recommendations for legislative reforms to fill the
gaps in the law that contribute to these migrants’ vulnerability to immigration detention
|
35 |
Vliv ukrajinského konfliktu na mobilitu obyvatelstva / Impact of the Ukrainian conflict on population mobilityKřen, Jan January 2019 (has links)
Since spring 2014, an armed conflict has been taking place in the eastern part of Ukraine between the Pro-Russian separatists and the Ukrainian state. As a result of this armed conflict, there was a stream of forced migration. The statistics speak up to about 1.7 million people internally displaced and about a hundred other hundreds of people seeking international protection abroad. Of those seeking international protection, more than 200,000 have been granted temporary asylum in Russia. This thesis examines the impact of the Ukrainian armed conflict on the mobility of these displaced persons. The first way to study the impact of a selected conflict on population mobility is quantitative data analysis. In this analysis are compared the data on conflict intensity with data on internal migration in Ukraine and international migration to the states Russia, Poland and Czechia. The second way this diploma thesis examines the impact of the conflict on population mobility is based on the research of ten Ukrainians who left for Czechia from conflict areas and whose primary reason was the military conflict. The results show that there are links between the intensity of the military conflict and the migration strategy of the people of Eastern Ukraine.
|
36 |
Climate, Conflict and Forced MigrationAbel, Guy, Brottrager, Michael, Crespo Cuaresma, Jesus, Muttarak, Raya January 2019 (has links) (PDF)
Despite the lack of robust empirical evidence, a growing number of media reports attempt to link climate change
to the ongoing violent conflicts in Syria and other parts of the world, as well as to the migration crisis in Europe.
Exploiting bilateral data on asylum seeking applications for 157 countries over the period 2006-2015, we assess
the determinants of refugee flows using a gravity model which accounts for endogenous selection in order to
examine the causal link between climate, conflict and forced migration. Our results indicate that climatic
conditions, by affecting drought severity and the likelihood of armed conflict, played a significant role as an
explanatory factor for asylum seeking in the period 2011-2015. The effect of climate on conflict occurrence is
particularly relevant for countries in Western Asia in the period 2010-2012 during when many countries were
undergoing political transformation. This finding suggests that the impact of climate on conflict and asylum
seeking flows is limited to specific time period and contexts.
|
37 |
As políticas migratórias defensivas dos estados e a proteção elusiva dos refugiados : responsibility-sharing e indiferença em um dinâmico jogo globalSantos, Mártin de Oliveira January 2015 (has links)
Este trabalho aborda o tema das políticas migratórias defensivas dos Estados e sua relação com a proteção elusiva dos refugiados e solicitantes da condição de refugiado (SCR). Com frequência, o tema é submetido a interpretações superficiais, limitadas e, inclusive, equivocadas, as quais não contribuem para um entendimento diligente à altura da complexidade da problemática. A pesquisa fundamenta-se nas contribuições de diversos estudiosos sobre o assunto e agrega dados empíricos atualizados. O estudo busca analisar, no âmbito internacional, desde a década de 1990, as três principais políticas migratórias defensivas aplicadas pelos Estados em relação ao fluxo e acolhimento de refugiados e SCR, bem como suas implicações. Para tanto, nesse escopo, faz-se necessário considerar o dinamismo do processo decisório político dos Estados em um contexto de afirmação de interesses e tensões internacionais. Igualmente, a partir da aplicação da tríade de políticas migratórias defensivas, são analisadas suas contradições no que tange à assunção do responsibility-sharing internacional e à vinculação com fatores que originam os fluxos de deslocamentos forçados. / This research deals with the subject of the State’s defensive migration policies regarding its relation to the elusive protection of refugees and asylum seekers. Quite often, this subject is under superficial, limited, and also erroneous, interpretation, which does not contribute to a better understanding of its complexity. The analysis is supported by the contributions of many experts in this field and includes new data. This paper seeks to analyze, in the international context, since the 90s, the three main defensive migration policies used by States in regard to the influx and protection of refugees and asylum seekers, as well as their implications. In this sense, it is appropriate to consider the dynamism involving the State’s political decision process in a context of diverging interests and international tensions. Also, from the application of the three defensive migration policies, the paper analyses their contradiction in relation to the assumption of the international responsibility-sharing, as well as their link to the factors that originate the influx of forced displacement. / Este trabajo trata del tema de las políticas migratorias defensivas de los Estados y su relación con la protección esquiva de refugiados y solicitantes de la condición de refugiado (SCR). A menudo, el tema es sometido a interpretaciones superficiales, limitadas e, incluso, equivocadas, las cuales no contribuyen para un entendimiento diligente a la altura de la complejidad de la problemática. El análisis está basado en las contribuciones de distintos expertos sobre el tema y agrega datos empíricos actualizados. El estudio busca analizar, en el ámbito internacional, desde la década de los años 1990, las tres principales políticas migratorias defensivas aplicadas por los Estados en relación al flujo y acogida de refugiados y SCR, además de sus implicaciones. Para eso, en ese ámbito, es necesario considerar el dinamismo del proceso decisorio político de los Estados en un contexto de afirmación de intereses y tensiones internacionales. Igualmente, a partir de la aplicación de la tríade de políticas migratorias defensivas, son analizadas las contradicciones de dichas políticas en lo que se refiere a la asunción del responsibility-sharing internacional y a la vinculación con factores que originan los flujos de desplazamientos forzados.
|
38 |
Moving people for tigers: Resettlement, Food Security and Landscape-Level Conservation in Central IndiaNeelakantan, Amrita January 2019 (has links)
Resettlement of humans from protected areas conserves habitats for wildlife. However, impacts of resettlement on the well-being of resettled communities and on broader conservation goals at the landscape level have been poorly quantified until now due to inadequate documentation and baseline information. Recent documentation and advances in measurements of human well-being enable studies that examine the impacts of resettlement for both people and conservation.
In India, the current standardized resettlement policy by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) is explicit in its goal to create inviolate habitats for tigers within protected areas. More than 70% of the global tiger population lives in protected areas in India. The central Indian national parks hold approximately 40% of Indian tiger populations. Implementation of the NTCA policy provides an opportunity to study resettlement with relatively accurate records of where resettled households moved, a standardized monetary compensation and the potential for replication with large representative groups to study impacts in various landscapes across the country.
This dissertation focuses on resettlement in Kanha National Park in central India, one of the most well-known and oldest tiger reserves in the country. The Kanha National Park (KNP) landscape mirrors the realities of many people-park interactions in human-dominated areas with high percentages of indigenous human populations, historical forced displacements, and current resettlements that follow a standardized national policy. From a conservation point of view, connectivity between KNP and other protected areas across central India is crucial for genetically healthy tiger populations.
This dissertation consists of three analyses that combine data from field surveys and existing data sources to examine the impacts of resettlement on food security, landscape connectivity for wildlife, and human-wildlife conflict in the KNP landscape. In Chapter 1, I use household surveys to compare the food security and livelihood associations of resettled households compared to their non-resettled neighbors at new settlement locations. I show that resettled households have similar availability and access to foods as their non-resettled neighbors. Increases in off-farm income sources are associated with higher food access for all households. In Chapter 2, I explore the pattern of low food access in the KNP landscape using the five capitals model for sustainable development to illustrate significant associations between livelihood factors and household food access. Salaried stable incomes and kitchen garden diversity are significantly associated with higher food access. Financial capital dwarfs the contributions of social and natural capitals which have supplementary roles in times of financial stress.
In Chapter 3, I address resettlement impacts on habitat connectivity between protected areas and human-wildlife conflict that resettled households face after relocating outside the park. Resettled households are not disproportionately moving into corridors between protected areas, especially when compared to the manifold more non-resettled households already residing in these areas. Resettled households however are moving into areas of high human-wildlife conflict due to their continued proximity to KNP. Outcomes from Chapter 3 also confirm that steady incomes can alleviate forest use and lower human activities in forests reducing human-wildlife conflict. In human-dominated landscapes such as KNP, financial capital and the stability of household incomes can aid both food security, lower pressures on non-protected forests and potentially lower human-wildlife conflict. The results counter assumptions that resettled communities continue to follow traditional natural resource reliant livelihoods. Local populations are not likely to engage in livelihoods that are heavily reliant on natural resources as rural populations become integrated into urban economies.
The results from this dissertation imply that managers in the KNP landscape can alleviate food security and aid landscape wide conservation goals by increasing off-farm salaried incomes. Finally, in India, there is a high potential for replication of this study around other protected areas, with nationally standardized resettlement in landscapes that vary geographically, ecologically and socially.
|
39 |
Men's perceptions, experiences and responses to domestic violence: a comparative study of immigrant and South African men in the Johannesburg inner cityNjowa, Polite January 2016 (has links)
This report presents findings from a comparative qualitative study conducted in the Johannesburg inner city. The study sought to understand immigrant and South African heterosexual men’s perceptions, experiences, and responses to domestic violence. Drawing on social constructionist theory, the research investigates whether migration and nationality influenced how heterosexual men perceived, experienced, and responded to domestic violence. The study used qualitative methodology and relied on original empirical research. In total, participants (consisting of six immigrant and six South African men) were identified through purposive and snowballing sampling methods. Semi-structured interview guides were used to collect data, which was then analysed using thematic content analysis. Findings of the study revealed that migration influenced the way in which immigrant men experienced and responded to domestic violence in South Africa. However, migration did not have an impact on how immigrant men perceived domestic violence. This means that the ways in which immigrant men perceived domestic violence was the same as they perceived it in their home countries. However, the ways in which they were experiencing and responding to it in South Africa was different from the ways they used to experience and respond in their home countries (migrant sending countries). The South African participants did not attribute their perceptions, experiences and responses to migration. Instead, they attributed their experiences to the over insistence on rights by women, and the failure of law enforcement agencies to ensure that men who are victims of domestic violence are also heard. Findings also revealed that nationality differences between immigrant men and South African men did not influence the ways in which these two
groups perceived and understood the term ‘domestic violence’. Thus, migrant men and South African men understood the term in the same way.
The definitions of domestic violence that participants reported were different from the traditional definitions and categorizations of domestic violence. Participants defined domestic violence in accordance with their perceptions and experiences, as there was a thin line between perceptions and personal experiences. Further analysis showed that men understood domestic violence as being physical, emotional, and verbal. The findings of the study also revealed that immigrant men believed that their susceptibility to domestic violence was due to migration because of the perception that South African domestic violence legislation favours women. Furthermore, South African men attributed ‘favouritism on terms of the law’ towards women as an issue that made women take advantage of the policy framework to initiate violence towards their intimate partners. These men suggest that women do this in the knowledge that men are generally not believed when they (i.e. men) make reports of domestic violence.
|
40 |
UNSETTLING REFUGE: SYRIAN REFUGEES’ ACCOUNT OF LIFE IN DENMARKJacobsen, Malene H. 01 January 2019 (has links)
This doctoral dissertation examines the lived experiences of refuge in Denmark from the perspectives of Syrian refugees. Situated within feminist political geography, it moves beyond examining geopolitics merely from the perspective of the law, the state, and policy makers. Instead, it seeks to grasp the ways in which geopolitics are encountered, experienced, and negotiated on the ground – by the people who are most affected by state policies and practices. It draws on more than ten months of ethnographic fieldwork in Denmark with Syrian refugees, including semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and participant observations, as well as interviews with state and non-state actors providing assistance to Syrian refugees in Jordan. This dissertation brings insights from feminist political geography into conversation with those from critical refugee studies, border studies, geographies of law, and postcolonial studies in order to unsettle core ideas and terms of reference surrounding what refuge is and how it is practiced.
This dissertation makes three distinct but closely related arguments. First, focusing on family reunification of refugees and how this form of protection became a target in the Danish state’s efforts to prevent refugee immigration, I argue that the geopolitics of refuge needs to be examined in a way that includes but also moves beyond the actual territorial border line as well as the legal border (i.e. the moment a person obtains protection and legal status). Second, through an examination of Syrian refugees’ everyday encounters with the Danish state, I draw attention to the disjunctures between idealized notions of refuge with its ostensible ‘humanitarian’ ethos and the practical articulations of refuge as manifested in the everyday lived experiences of refugees. This is what I term lived refuge. I argue, however, that the dissonances between idealized and actually existing refuge point to the persistent presence of governance within refuge, rather than a lack or an absence of ‘true’ humanitarianism - i.e. a promise of freedom, betterment, and prospect that did not fully materialize. Instead, the state practices, which refugees are subject to within refuge, are enabled and normalized through the asymmetrical relationships between the state and the refugee. Third, calling attention to how Syrian refugees experience, articulate and locate war, I trouble prevailing geographical imaginations of “Europe” and Denmark as spaces of peace, safety, and prosperity. Drawing on Syrians’ experiences of war, I argue that attending to everyday experiences of war in refuge prompts a re-articulation of where war is, what counts as war, and who decides.
|
Page generated in 0.1115 seconds