This thesis aims to understand the everyday use of digital media by Chinese ordinary citizens as new forms of civic engagement under strict online censorship and CCP’s authoritarian control. With the announcement of the Third-child Policy as the analytical background, I adopted a qualitative research method and conducted digitally mediated ethnography on Sina Weibo users. Specifically, I took a close look at their strategic usage of social media practices, memes, as means to participate in the discussion of third-child policy on the platform. My theoretical framework builds off on James Scott’s (1989) theory of everyday forms of resistance and Flinders & Wood’s (2018) notions on everyday political participation, supplementing with concepts of connective action and collective identity. This paper shows how participants used low-key, tactical, and mundane memes to criticize third-child policy, the motivations, and intentions behind their acts, how meme expressions are organized, sustained, and what makes these acts politically effective. By doing this, I highlight how participants’ everyday self- determined online practices result in the formation of collective identities that eventually lead to the emergence of underground centrality among ordinary Chinese people and challenge CCP authority and legitimacy. As such, it will contribute to a deeper insight into the collective nature of and resistance power of participants' individual online actions and enrich our understanding of the active agency of Chinese actors and their civic engagement under censorship regimes.

This paper is focused on the consequences of the drawn-out conflict, known as ”the great northern war”, which lasted from the start of the 18th century up to 1721. More precisely the focus is at the economic situation facing the agrarian lower classes during these years, as well the nature in which their discontent presented itself. The study is restricted to one particular region of early-modern Sweden, Jämtland. The subjects that are examined are: - The amount of tax that were not paid or delivered to the proper authorities in time. - Contemporary depictions of the situation for the agrarian lower classes in Jämtland. - Taxes from earlier years yet to be paid.- Abandoned farms during the period. - Crop failures and their connection to the economic situation. - The so called ”everyday forms of resistance” in Jämtland as an expression of the people’s discontent towards the ruling figures in Stockholm – manifested against their local representatives. / <p>Betygsdatum 2019-06-13</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:39:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3350.pdf: 5598638 bytes, checksum: 733fb0711f5000c8377ac7a95ba8862d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-13 / The aim of this study was to analyze the impacts of migration and wage, driven by the expansion of the sugarcane sector in the Northwest Paulista, about ways to reorganize the nuclear families of migrant workers. We analyzed rearrange themselves as the gender roles played by members family before the new configuration of spaces of destination (Novo Horizonte e Mendonça/São Paulo). The investigation corresponded to the production of field data and theoretical modeldriven analytical forms of everyday resistance (Scott, 1990), taking into account the intersection between the scanning / patriarchal domination of women's work and domestic exploitation / domination of the male labor cutting cane. The methodology was oral history (tales, life histories, trajectories), and the production of a body of imagery. The data showed some changes of the patriarchal order of relations between genders, mainly on account of remuneration for work of women included in household chores in the homes of workers cut cane and other activities. We have identified opportunities to duties microrresistência female domestic tasks, namely: 1) face of male domination through the paid work outside the home, 2) speech and gestures that pointed to the renegotiation of housework. Although the patriarchal patterns prevail, they note, however, many cracks in its foundations. They noted also forms of resistance against discrimination to attribute belonging geographically to the struggle for recognition of the identity of the migrant. And practice of resistance to change work tools, in order to reduce the physical wear. / O objetivo do presente trabalho foi análise dos impactos do processo migratório e assalariamento, impulsionados pela expansão do setor sucroalcooleiro, no Noroeste Paulista, sobre formas de reorganização de núcleos familiares de trabalhadores migrantes. Analisou-se como se rearranjam os papéis de gênero desempenhados pelos membros familiares diante da nova configuração dos espaços de destino (Novo Horizonte e Mendonça/SP). A investigação correspondeu à produção dos dados de campo orientados pelo modelo teórico analítico das formas de resistência cotidianas (SCOTT, 1990), levando-se em conta a intersecção entre a exploração/dominação patriarcal do trabalho feminino doméstico e a exploração/dominação do trabalho masculino no corte de cana. A metodologia utilizada foi a história oral (relatos, histórias de vida, trajetórias), além da produção de um acervo imagético. Os dados apontaram para algumas mudanças das relações da ordem patriarcal entre os gêneros, sobretudo, em razão da remuneração do trabalho das mulheres inseridas em atividades domésticas nas casas de trabalhadores do corte de cana e em outras atividades. Identificaram-se possibilidades de microrresistência aos deveres femininos nas tarefas domésticas, a saber:1) enfrentamento da dominação masculina, por meio do trabalho remunerado fora de casa; 2) falas e gestos que apontaram para a renegociação das atividades domésticas. Ainda que os padrões patriarcais prevaleçam, notam-se, contudo, muitas fissuras em suas bases. Notaram-se também formas de resistência frente a discriminação aos atributo do pertencimento geográfico, com a luta pelo reconhecimento da identidade do migrante. E práticas de resistência ao se alterar os instrumentos de trabalho, com vistas a minorar os desgaste físicos.

Of all the countries studied in the large-scale WHO Multi-country Study on Women´s Health and Domestic Violence against Women (2005), Ethiopian women had the highest numbers of acceptance of intimate partner violence. And according to previous research on the subject, Ethiopian women have a high tolerance for and acceptance of the violence they endure. Yet when I interviewed women in Ethiopia (all of whom had been victims of violence) I discovered multiple forms of resistance to - rather than acceptance of - violence. Rather than confirming how women come to accept violence, my study uncovers many ways in which women resist violence, even in contexts where the available means of resistance are extremely limited.The aim of my inductive study is to begin to do justice to these forms of resistance, which are easily overlooked. First, as I argue in the analyses of my interviews with the women, our ability to discern forms of resistance in situations of intimate partner violence requires a more capacious notion of resistance than the one usually employed. Second, as I argue through my engagement with the previous research and the analyses of my interviews with women’s organizations in Ethiopia, the inability to discern multiple and varied forms of resistance leads one to underestimate the degree of non-acceptance and active resistance in situations of intimate partner violence. Thus, while my limited study does not permit general conclusions about violence against women in Ethiopia, I conclude by suggesting that my findings have two important implications for social work, one theoretical and one practical.