No description available.

Une importante perturbation des tourbières du nord de l'Alberta est la présence d'un vaste réseau de routes d'accès nécessaire à l'extraction in situ du pétrole dans la région des sables bitumineux. Ces structures linéaires engendrent la dégradation, la fragmentation et la perte d'habitats ainsi que l'altération des propriétés physicochimiques et des processus hydriques des tourbières. Ce projet évalue la restauration d'une tourbière perturbée par une route d'accès sur un site d'extraction près de Fort McMurray. La restauration a permis de retirer partiellement la matière minérale de la route, d'ajouter une couche de tourbe mince (20 ou 50 cm) ou épaisse (75 cm), d'épandre des diaspores de tourbière sur le site restauré, de protéger les diaspores avec un paillis et de fertiliser la moitié du site restauré. La restauration s'est faite en deux temps et deux sites donneurs pour la réintroduction de diaspores ont été utilisés. Les objectifs de ce projet sont d'évaluer l'impact de l'épaisseur de tourbe et de la fertilisation sur les propriétés physicochimiques du substrat et par conséquent, ce qui influence ou non l'établissement des communautés végétales. Des analyses physicochimiques ont été effectuées une saison de croissance à la suite de la restauration. Des inventaires de végétation ont été réalisés deux saisons de croissance après la restauration. Deux communautés végétales distinctes sont présentes sur le site restauré. La section restaurée dont l'épaisseur de tourbe est la plus importante (75 cm) présente un plus grand nombre d'espèces et un couvert plus important de plantes et mousses typiques des tourbières que les sections dont la couche de tourbe est mince (20 ou 50 cm). La fertilisation n'entraîne aucune différence dans l'établissement des communautés végétales. Les différences entre les techniques et étapes de la restauration pourraient expliquer les divergences entre les deux communautés qui se sont établies sur le site restauré. / Significant disturbance to peatlands in northern Alberta is due to the extensive network of access roads required for in situ bitumen extraction in the oil sands region. These linear disturbances result in the degradation and fragmentation of habitats, and the alteration of the physicochemical properties and the water processes of peatlands. This project assesses the restoration of a peatland disturbed by an access road at an oil sands extraction site near Fort McMurray. The peatland restoration involved partially removing the mineral material from the road, adding a thin layer of peat (20 and 50 cm) or a thick peat layer (75 cm), spreading diaspores on the restored site, protecting the diaspores with straw, and fertilizing half of the restored site. Restoration occurred in two periods and two donor sites were used for diaspore collection. The objectives of this research are to assess the impact of the added organic substrate (peat) and of the fertilization on physicochemical properties of the substrate and therefore what does and does not influence the establishment of plant communities. Physicochemical measurements were taken one growing season following restoration. Vegetation inventories were conducted two growing seasons after restoration. After two growing seasons following restoration, fertilization had no impact on plant establishment. Results showed that two plant communities were present on the restored site. Two growing seasons following the restoration, the restored section with the greatest peat thickness (75 cm) had a greater number of species and a greater cover of plant and moss species typical of peat bogs. We conclude that the differences between restoration techniques between the two restored sections might explain the differences between the two communities that established at the restored site.

This Q study revealed Fort Wayne, Indiana donors' typical attitudes and perceptions toward philanthropy. Participants completed a 55-statement Q sort about 1) perceptions of nonprofit organizations, 2) various fundraising methods, and 3) types of organizations donors prefer funding.The researcher then entered the data into the PQMethod software and determined three factors of donors: Skeptical Givers, Generous Givers, and Untapped Givers.The Skeptical Givers did not trust nonprofit organizations and only donated a limited portion of their money to charities. Skeptical Givers also felt it was more important for them to save their money and support their family than it was for them to donate money to people in need.The Generous Givers held church as one of their top priorities. They were also taught that it was their social responsibility to help those in need. Therefore, the Generous Givers donated their time and over 11 percent of their annual income to nonprofit organizations.The Untapped Givers were business-minded individuals who were also committed to their communities and nonprofit organizations. They trusted nonprofits and considered helping the less fortunate to be a high priority. Although the Untapped Givers gave money to nonprofit organizations, they preferred to donate their time through volunteering and serving on boards of directors. The Untapped Givers were committed to giving financially to charities; however, they only gave a limited portion of their savings to charities.These three factors illustrated that nonprofit development officers should recognize that different strategies might be employed to entice separate segments of donors to give money. / Department of Journalism

The presence of musically deficient children in the music classes of elementary public schools is a well-known and a widespread situation. The problem of this study was to determine which of two methods of giving special attention to such pupils would be the more successful in assisting them to improve musically.

Com a evolução da tecnologia, os planejamentos das cirurgias ortognáticas têm se tornado cada vez mais precisos em relação ao tratamento das deformidades dentofacias. Os pacientes recorrem à cirurgia ortognática com finalidade de melhorar a oclusão e a estética, mas muitas vezes acabam desistindo do tratamento e recorrem à compensação ortodôntica por receio de mudanças indesejadas. Para isso ser evitado, os softwares de planejamento estão sendo aprimorados para poderem melhorar a predição dos casos e esclarecer aos pacientes o plano de tratamento. O avanço de maxila com a osteotomia tipo Le Fort I interfere diretamente no posicionamento do lábio superior e no ângulo nasolabial, que apresentam um papel importante na expressão e na estética facial. Grande parte dos estudos ainda se restringem à comparação de imagens pré e pós-operatórias e, portanto, considerados imprecisos. Por isso são necessários estudos que avaliem um maior número de pacientes submetidos a cirurgia ortognática, utilizando o mesmo tipo de osteotomia, reduzindo o número de variáveis envolvidas e permitindo melhor entendimento das alterações do posicionamento do lábio superior após avanço maxilar. O presente estudo teve como objetivo prever as alterações da posição do lábio superior em pacientes submetidos à avanços de maxila que 5mm ou < que 5mm, comparando os traçados preditivo e final, utilizando 24 tomografias pré e pós-operatórias, e verificar se a quantidade de avanço altera essa previsibilidade. As avaliações foram feitas a partir de tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cônico, utilizando o software Dolphin Imaging 11.8. Foi utilizado o teste ´´t`` pareado para comparar os dados preditivos e pós-operatórios e a correlação de Pearson para verificar a relação entre as variáveis lábio superior e incisivo central superior. Os testes foram realizados adotando-se um nível de significância de 5%. A capacidade de predição do software foi considerada boa para as medidas horizontais; porém para as verticais, ainda há um índice de erro que pode-se considerar impreciso. Concluiu-se também que a quantidade de avanço maxilar não interfere na predição do lábio superior. / With the evolution of technology, orthognathic surgeries planning have become increasingly accurate in relation to the treatment of dentofacial deformities. Patients recur to orthognathic surgery to improve occlusion and aesthetics, but often give up treatment and turn to orthodontic compensation due to fear of unwanted changing. To avoid this, the planning softwares are enhancing to improve the prediction of cases and to enlighten the patients about the treatment plan. The maxillary advancement using Le Fort I osteotomy directly interferes in the positioning of the upper lip and the nasolabial angle, which plays an important role in facial expression and aesthetics. Most of the studies are still restricted to comparing pre and postoperative images, and therefore, considered inaccurate. Therefore, studies are required to evaluate a greater number of patients submitted to orthognathic surgery, using the same type of osteotomy, reducing the number of variables involved and allowing a better understanding of the positioning of the upper lip after maxillary advancement. The present study aimed to predict changes in the upper lip position in patients submitted to maxillary advancement 5mm or < 5mm, comparing the predictive and final tracings using 24 pre and postoperative CT scans, and determine if the amount of advancement changes this predictability. Evaluations were conducted through Cone-Beam Computed Tomography using Dolphin Imaging 11.8 software. The paired t-test was used to compare the predictive and postoperative data and the Pearson correlation to verify the relation between the upper lip and upper central incisor variables. The tests were performed with a significance level of 5%. The prediction ability of the software was considered good for the horizontal measurements; for the vertical measurements there is still an error rate, so it cannot be considered accurate. It was also concluded that the amount of maxillary advancement does not interfere in the prediction of the upper lip.

A cirurgia ortognática é uma indicação frequente no tratamento das deformidades dentoesqueléticas em pacientes com fissuras labiopalatinas, porém a recidiva pós-cirúrgica é relatada como uma complicação comum quando avaliada em longo prazo. A existência de discrepâncias severas somada à presença de fibrose e tecido cicatricial residuais no palato faz com que o risco de instabilidade pós-operatória seja ainda mais elevado nestes pacientes. Raros trabalhos analisam a estabilidade pós-cirúrgica em pacientes com fissuras labiopalatinas e, até o presente momento, nenhum trabalho correlacionou a amplitude de movimento com a recidiva pós-operatória. O presente estudo propôs avaliar a estabilidade pós-cirúrgica de 87 pacientes com fissura labiopalatina submetidos à cirurgia de avanço da maxila, bem como analisar a existência de correlação com a amplitude de movimento realizada. O estudo foi realizado através da análise cefalométrica dos tecidos moles em telerradiografiasdigitais adquiridas durante o pré-operatório, pós operatório imediato e após 6 meses de cirurgia utilizando o programa DolphinImaging 11.5. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise estatística através do teste Anova de medidas repetidas (p=0,05).Os resultados evidenciaram uma tendência significativa de recidiva no sentido vertical com instabilidade do plano oclusal da maxila. No período pós-operatório observouse a movimentação do complexo maxilomandibular no sentido anti-horário, promovendo a diminuição da altura do terço inferior da face e aumento do ângulo facial. As alterações observadas não apresentaram correlação com a amplitude do avanço sagital / Orthognathic surgery is frequently indicated for the treatment of dentofacial deformities in patients with cleft lip and palate, however, post-surgical relapse is reported as a common complication when the patient is evaluated in the long term. The presence of severe discrepancies combined with residual fibrosis and scar tissue on the lip and palate causes a higher risk of post-operative instability of treatment in these patients. Few papers propose to analyze the postoperative stability of orthognathic surgery in patients with cleft lip and palate and to date no study correlates extent of sagittal movement with postoperative recurrence rate. This study aims to evaluate the post-surgical stability of 87 patients with cleft lip and palate that underwent maxillary advancement surgery and to analyze a possible correlation between recurrence and the extent of movement. The study was conducted by means of cephalometric analysis of the soft tissues in digital radiographs acquired during the preoperative, immediate postoperative and 6 months after surgery using Dolphin Imaging 11.5 software. The results were statistically analyzed for repeated measures using ANOVA (p = 0.05). The results revealed a significant tendency for relapse in the vertical direction with instability of the occlusal plane. In the postoperative period, counterclockwise movement of the maxillomandibular complex was observed, leading to height reduction of the lower third of the face and increased facial angle. The observed changes were not correlated with the extent of the sagittal advancement.

O presente estudo observou e avaliou retrospectivamente o índice de recidiva após cirurgia ortognática para avanço maxilar em pacientes com fissura de lábio e palato. A amostra foi composta por telerradiografias laterais analisadas através de traçados cefalométricos e imagens digitais tridimensionais de modelos de estudo de 17 pacientes de ambos os sexos (10 pacientes do sexo feminino e 07 pacientes do sexo masculino), com idade entre 17 e 33 anos. Os traçados cefalométricos digitais foram avaliadas em: T1 pré-operatório; T2 pós-operatório imediato e T3 pós-operatório de seis meses a 1 ano. A análise cefalométrica digital determinou as medidas de forma linear para possíveis mudanças verticais e horizontais no pós-operatório da cirurgia ortognática para avanço maxilar. Os modelos de estudo digitalizados foram avaliados nas seguintes fases: F1 préoperatório; F2 pós-operatório de seis meses a 1 ano e F3 pós operatório de 1 até 2 anos, nos planos frontal e lateral. Verificou-se ainda nos modelos digitalizados, a linha média dentária, trespasse vertical (plano frontal) e a relação pré-molar nos lados direito e esquerdo e trespasse horizontal (plano lateral). As análises dos arcos dentários foram realizadas diretamente nas imagens escaneadas, por meio do Scanner 3Shapes R700TM e avaliadas pelo 3D Software OrthoAnalyzerTM. Um avaliador previamente calibrado e treinado fez as avaliações. A análise estatística descritiva foi realizada com valores de média, desvio-padrão e porcentagem. O teste ANOVA de medidas repetidas foi aplicado nas variáveis estudadas (movimento vertical, movimento horizontal, trespasse horizontal, trespasse vertical e linha média dentária) para comparar os três tempos determinantes. Como verificou-se significância estatística nestas diferenças, o teste Tukey foi aplicado para avaliar os grupos entre si. O nível de significância de 5% foi adotado para todas as análises. Os resultados mostraram que na cefalometria digital o movimento vertical apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa entre T2 e T3 (p=0,002). A relação pré-molar dos lados direito e esquerdo revelou que os pacientes apresentavam em F2, ¼ classe II e classe I, 29,4% e 23,5%, e em F3 classe I, 58,8% e 70,6%, respectivamente Donde conclui-se que houve recidiva na cefalometria quanto ao movimento vertical, após cirurgia ortognática para avanço maxilar, sem recidiva nos demais parâmetros avaliado / This observational study evaluated retrospectively forms the recurrence rate after orthognathic surgery for maxillary advancement in patients with cleft lip and palate. The sample consisted of radiographs with lateral cephalometric tracing and three-dimensional digital images of 17 patients study models of both genders (10 female patients and 07 male patients), aged between 17 and 33 years. The cephalometries were evaluated: T1 preoperative; T2 - immediate postoperative period and T3 - postoperative six months to 1 year. The digital cephalometric analysis determined the measures linearly for possible vertical and horizontal changes in the postoperative period of orthognathic surgery for maxillary advancement. Study models, scanned, were evaluated in the following phases: F1 - preoperative; F2 - postoperative six months to 1 year and F3 - postoperative 1 to 2 years, in the frontal and lateral planes. It was also found on scanned models, the dental midline, overbite, overjet (frontal plane) and pre-molar relationship, on the right and left sides (lateral plane). The analysis of dental arches were made directly on the scanned images through the scanner 3Shape\'s R700TM and evaluated by 3D Software OrthoAnalyzerTM. A calibrated and trained evaluator evaluations. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed with mean values, standard deviation and percentage. The ANOVA test for repeated measures was applied to the variables (vertical movement, horizontal movement, overjet, overbite and dental midline) to compare the times. As there was statistical significance in these differences, the Tukey test was used to evaluate the groups together. The 5% significance level was adopted for all analyzes. The results showed that the cephalometry vertical movement showed a statistically significant difference between T2 and T3 (p=0.002). The premolar ratio of the right and left sides showed that patients had in F2, ¼ class II and class I, 29.4%, and 23.5%, and F3 class I 58.8% and 70.6%, respectively. It is concluded that there was recurrence in cephalometrics as the vertical movement after orthognathic surgery for maxillary advancement, without recurrence in the remaining parameters

No description available.

Thesis (M.A.)--Kutztown University. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2908. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 89).

No description available.