A presente tese é uma reflexão etnográfica sobre o processo de constituição do Fórum Social Mundial (FSM) como experiência política particular, vinculada à realização de encontros internacionais anuais na cidade de Porto Alegre (RS, Brasil) entre 2001 e 2005, no contexto mais amplo de protestos, encontros e debates associados ao ciclo contestatório dos movimentos antiglobalização ou alter mundialistas. Partindo da análise de textos produzidos a respeito do FSM, de documentos de registro da dinâmica organizativa e de memórias institucionais e pessoais de participação neste processo, este trabalho elabora algumas sínteses a respeito da relação entre a forma de práticas e discursos e os modos de produção dos sentidos das experiências políticas contemporâneas. A tese contribui para reforçar as análises qualitativas e críticas a respeito do fenômeno complexo do Fórum Social Mundial, através de uma perspectiva antropológica que tem como base exercício etnográfico de atenção e descrição dos usos particulares de categorias generalizantes tais como estratégia, metodologia e memória. Voltada para a dimensão processual e expressiva dos modos de fazer e modos de dizer coletivos, este trabalho busca destacar densidade de significados e a historicidade das linguagens da ação política, a partir de inspirações teóricas retiradas das análises das práticas cotidianas, que permitem aproximações entre as antropologias da arte e dos rituais às da política e do conflito. / This thesis is an ethnographic reflection on the process o constitution of th World Social Forum (WSF) a particular political experience, strongly linked to the annual meetings that took place in Porto Alegre (RS, Brasil) between 2001 and 2005, in the context of protests, encounters and debates associated to the contention cycle of the anti or alter globalization movement. Taking as a starting point the analysis of texts written a about the WSF, documents that register its organizational dynamics and both personal and institutional memories of this process, this work develops a few synthesis about the relation between the form os practices and discourses and the production of meaning in contemporary politics experiences. The thesis is a contribution to the qualitative and critical analysis of the complex phenomenon of the World Social Forum, through an anthropological perspective built on the ethnographic exercise of attention and description of their particular uses of broad categories strategy, methodology and memory. Focused on the processual and expressive dimension of the ways of doing and ways of saying, this work makes an effort to highlight the density of meaning and historicity of the languages of political action, having as a reference the analysis of daily life practices, which allow us to bring together the anthropologies of art and ritual and those of politics and conflict.

Orientador: Sirio Possenti / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T22:13:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Medeiros_MariadoCarmoIvode_M.pdf: 8040126 bytes, checksum: e183720a4783661392d05da43a337271 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo:Neste trabalho, seguindo a abordagem proposta por Maingueneau (1984), analisamos o discurso de duas revistas ¿ Catolicismo (porta-voz da TFP) e Caros Amigos (revista comprometida com a esquerda) ¿ sobre o Fórum Social Mundial (FSM). Analisamos especialmente os discursos construídos sobre o lema do FSM ( ¿Um Outro Mundo é Possível¿ ), procurando explicitar alguns dos traços semânticos que definem o discurso da TFP e o discurso das esquerdas no Brasil. Através da análise de unciados contidos nas matérias das referidas revistas, mostramos como se organiza o conflito entre esses dois discursos. A revista Caros Amigos dá voz aos organizadores e participantes do FSM, e a revista Catolicismo vai ler o FSM segundo sua semântica, resultando disso uma leitura em forma de simulacro do discurso do FSM. A análise que foi desenvolvida mostrou como se constrói o discurso do FSM. Ficou claro que, como propõe Maingueneau em Genèses du discours (1984), um discurso nasce de um trabalho sobre outros discursos: no caso, o FSM se define a partir da negação do que representa o FEM. Em seguida, explicitou-se a interação semântica entre os discursos como um processo de interincompreensão regrada, ainda no sentido de Maingueneau (1984), através da forma como a TFP lê o discurso do FSM: em especial, qualquer proposta do FSM de mais igualdade é lida pela TFP - que tem como traços principais a hierarquia e a desigualdade harmônica - como ¿comunismo escamoteado¿. Por fim, esse trabalho mostrou a validade de outra hipótese de Maingueneau exposta em Genèses du Discours (1984): que uma semântica global rege os discursos que se materializam em vários gêneros e em vários sistemas semióticos. A análise mostrou que a identidade de um discurso não é somente uma questão de vocabulário ou de proposições, mas que depende de uma coerência global que integra suas múltiplas dimensões textuais / Abstract: In this work, according to the Maingueneau approach, it is analysed the discourse based on the World Social Forum published in two magazines - Catolicismo (Tradition Family and Property¿s expression) and Caros Amigos (a left-wing committed magazine). It is especially analysed the discourses originated from the World Social Forum¿s theme ¿ ¿ Another world is possible¿ ¿ aiming to explain some semantic aspects that delineates the Tradition Family and Property (TFP) and the left-wing discourses in Brazil. Through the analysis of the articles from the referred magazines, it is shown how the conflict is organized between both discourses. The magazine Caros Amigos is the expression of the World Social Forum organizers and members, while the magazine Catolicismo reads World Social Forum ccording to its semantic, resulting in a reading in the simulacrum form of the World Social Forum speech. The analysis that was developed showed how the World Social Forum is built. It is clear, as Maingueneau proposed in his Genesis du discours, a discourse is derived from a work based on other discourses, in this case the World Social Forum definition is derived from the negation of what World Economic Forum represents. In addition, it is explicated the semantic interaction between both discourses as a process of inter-incomprehension, still according to Maingueneau, through the reading that the TFP does of the World Social Forum discourse. Pointing out that any proposal of the World Social Forum for more equality is read by the TFP, which has as main characteristics the hierarch and the harmonic inequality, as ¿a disguised communism¿. Finally, this work confirms the validity of another hypothesis of Maingueneau proposed in Geneses du Discours (1984), which says: ¿ a global semantic rules the discourses that materializes into many genre and several semiotics systems¿. Moreover, the analysis indicates that the identity of a discourse is not only a matter of vocabulary or propositions, but it also depends on the global coherence that integrates its multiple textual dimensions / Mestrado / Analise do Discurso / Mestre em Linguística

This essay investigates cases of Swedish-English code-switching in a bilingual discussion forum on the Internet. Code-switching is a linguistic term used to describe switches from one language to another in discourse. The material consists of excerpts from the forum which have been analyzed and presents various cases of code-switching which appeared in the forum. The examples from the forum presented in this essay are chosen due to their relevance to code-switching and bilingualism. The examples were analyzed according to Romaine’s (1989) and Klintborg’s (1999) classifications of code-switching. The research questions sought to find out if, how and why the bilingual users in this forum code-switch when communicating. The results proved that the bilingual users do code-switch, and that the most common switch is the insertion of one word, or several words, in another language into an otherwise monolingual sentence. The discussion part also consists of a summary of the switches in the forum. The conclusion of the study is that code-switching does exist in this forum, and the participants code-switch in different ways, however mainly to show hospitality and to signal a belonging to the group.

Tripadvisor is a Travel site that enables its users for planning their travels around the world. It consists of user generated content and users can also add online reviews for each destination.The aim of our bachelor thesis is, understanding Tripadvisor user behaviour and the impact of online reviews on Tripadvisor. Issues which this paper intends to answer are: How Tripadvisors as a digital tool meets the information needs of users? The Impact of reviews on Tripadvisor users’ decisions? In order to answer these questions, we used quantitative survey and qualitative interviews for deeper knowledge from the users.Some of the key findings show that more than 50% of users prioritize TripAdvisor as the first source of information and they give high rating to TripAdvisor. The majority of our survey participants think that the reviews are important on TripAdvisor and it affects users’ decisions greatly. / Tripadvisor är en sajt som gör det möjligt att planera resor runt om i världen. Den består av användargenererat innehåll och användarna kan också lägga till online-recensioner för varje destination.Syftet med vårt examensarbete är att förstå användarnas beteende och påverkan av online-recensioner på Tripadvisor. Frågeställningarna som besvaras är: Hur möter Tripadvisor som ett digitalt verktyg användarnas informationsbehov? Hur påverkar omdömen på Tripadvisor användarnas beslut? För att besvara frågeställningarna har vi använt oss av kvantitativ enkätundersökning och vi gjorde också intervjuer med Tripadvisor användarna för att få djupare insikter om användningen.Några av de viktigaste resultaten visar att mer än 50% av användarna prioriterar Tripadvisor som första informationskälla och ger högt betyg på Tripadvisor. Majoriteten tycker att omdömen är viktig på Tripadvisor och påverkar användarnas beslut mycket.

This study takes a social constructionist approach, using narrative inquiry methods to analyse posts made by teenager girls on an online eating disorder forum. The study draws upon the sociology of childhood, which argues that children should be recognised as social actors, and as both ‘beings’ in the present, as well as future ‘becomings’. The study also draws upon the sociology of diagnosis, which recognizes the contested nature of diagnoses and medical authority in contemporary society. As lay people have increasing access to information, they have more power to challenge the ways in which their bodily experiences are constructed, as well as their potential medicalisation and demedicalisation.The study makes use of data from a website called TeenHelp, focusing specifically on the ‘eating disorders’ forum. Posts were selected from those made by girls aged 13 to 19 over the two years prior to the study (i.e. 1 April 1014 – 1 April 2016). Posts from 12 girls were analysed using narrative inquiry methods.The study identified the following six narratives: 1) identity narratives; 2) health narratives; 3) diagnostic narratives; 4) lay and expert narratives; 5) demedicalisation narratives and 6) recovery narratives. Importantly, these narratives do not exist in isolation from one another, but interact resulting in the ‘co-construction’ of eating disorders. These narratives are also not static, but are contested – constantly being challenged and negotiated on the forum.Overall, the posts analysed in this study showed that these teenage girls are always walking a fine line between being and becoming. They occupy a liminal space between being ‘thin’ and ‘fat’; between being ‘sick’ and ‘healthy’; between being ‘lay patients’ and ‘expert advisers’; between ‘treatment’ and ‘recovery’. The narratives analysed here show how these young women are wrestling with the complex notion of eating disorders as a potential source of identity, a medical diagnosis and condition which they may or may not ever fully recover from.

International Insolvency Law Key words: COMI, Insolvency regulation, insolvency, bankruptcy, forum shopping In today's globalized world, proceedings with an international element have become more and more important. This work deals with an important sector of private international law - international insolvency law. Owing to the breadth of the topic, the author has chosen to focus specifically on issues surrounding COMI (Centre of Main Interests) in the European context in conjunction with Council Regulation (EC) no. 1346/2000 on insolvency proceedings dated 29 May 2000 and its amendment in 2015. In addition to the description of the general parameters of European insolvency regulations he refers to the discussion regarding the advantages and disadvantages of COMI as the main factor for the determination of a court's jurisdiction for the initiation and conduct of insolvency proceedings with an international element, and tries to show (with references to several judgments of the European Court of Justice and national courts - among them the Czech courts) both the development of its application in practice and the development of the definition of COMI itself and criteria for assessment. In first chapters author gives the overview of theoretical grounds of the cross- border insolvency and shows the...

Magister Philosophiae - MPhil / There is overwhelming evidence that South Africa’s rivers are heavily polluted, a situation which is attributable to a large degree to poorly functioning and inefficiently managed waste water treatment works in municipalities. The evidence suggests, furthermore, that municipalities often do not comply with their constitutional obligation to provide water services in a sustainable manner and promote a safe and healthy environment. Such non-compliance infringes on people's constitutionally guaranteed rights to a pollution-free environment and equitable access to sufficient and safe water. The problem is that municipalities are not properly managing the waste water treatment works (WWTWs) and not regulating industrial discharge into these works in accordance with the prescribed national norms and standards. The National Water Act 36 of 1998 and other related Acts provide for legal and informal enforcement mechanisms that criminalise acts of pollution. However, none of them have been effective in enforcing municipal compliance with the national norms and standards of effluent management. There are two main reasons for this. First, the constitutional structure does not allow the Minister responsible for water management to exercise direct supervision of the municipalities despite the functional relationship the Department of Water and Sanitation has with municipalities in respect of water. Secondly, the Constitution (1996) instructs the spheres of government to avoid legal processes and cooperate with one another by intervening to execute the function if the sphere responsible for the function lacks capacity. This thesis explores the possible use of two statutory instruments of cooperative government and intergovernmental relations as strategies to complement and support the conventional enforcement measures in the water sector: the establishment of water intergovernmental forums; and the use of implementation protocols to supervise municipalities that chronically lack capacity as a way of providing targeted support and monitoring to facilitate an effective compliance and enforcement regime in the water sector.

The thesis focuses on multicriterial concept of competitiveness at the international level in relation with European Union. The final value of the EU competitiveness is measured on the basis of competitiveness methodology and research of World Economic Forum by using the European economic and social models. The aim is to analyze the value and then compare it with the current economically important global players. The output of the analysis is to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the EU competitiveness in the international context.

Forum Conversations is an organisational theatre method for helping individuals to deal with their difficult conversations in the workplace. It uses professional actors to simulate participants’ ‘difficult others’ and to play out confrontational conversations from participants’ own experience. This study adds to the empirical base of research into organisational theatre. It further conceptualises organisational theatre methods as reflective or refractive. This qualitative, interpretive study examines the perspectives of both participants and actors through a dramatistic lens and also assesses if and how the Forum Conversations method has affected changes in behaviour and approach in the ways individual participants communicate with others in the workplace. In this assessment a novel, methodological approach based on attributions made by participants was used to make comparisons between individuals’ pre- and post- Forum Conversations views about their difficult conversations. Outcomes included improvements in confidence and awareness but also of agency in participants’ dealings with others. The interaction between actors and participants is discussed in terms of a partial dialogism that dwells in the moment of exchange between interactants. From the actors’ side the study highlights the subtly layered reflexivity of the actors in process and also of their tendency to accentuate performance skills. In this context, the interaction is seen to compare with the way professional actors might use rehearsal to prepare for theatre performance. Overall, it is concluded that Forum Conversations is a powerful learning method that enables participants to embody their learning experience and leads to sustained individual change that occasionally includes personal transformation both at work and at home.

Thesis is focused on design and implementation of web application called Obecní fórum. The goal is to create a business case for this project, application design and to implement the entire application and place it on a public webhosting with on-site configuration for life publishing. Application design is based on a structure of MMDIS methodology, created by the Department of Information Technologies at the University of Economics, Prague. Implementation is based on web technologies, such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript and Ajax.