Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:55:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MiltonLCGN_Capa_ate_pag14.pdf: 8498531 bytes, checksum: 98bb761f871446c2506a2971dd59c5eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-04-06 / This work presents a theoretical and numerical analysis of Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS) with elements as rectangular patch, thin dipole and crossed dipole mounted on uniaxial anisotropic dielectric substrate layers for orientations of the optical axis along x, y and z directions. The analysis of these structures is accomplished by combination of the Hertz vector potentials method and the Galerkin's technique, in the Fourier transform-domain, using entire?domain basis functions. This study consists in the use of one more technique for analysis of FSS on anisotropic dielectric substrate. And presents as the main contribution the introduction of one more project parameter to determinate the transmission and reflection characteristics of periodic structures, from the use of anisotropic dielectric with orientations of the crystal optical axis along x, y and z directions. To validate this analysis, the numerical results of this work are compared to those obtained by other authors, for FSS structures on anisotropic and isotropic dielectric substrates. Also are compared experimental results and the numerical correspondent ones for the FSS isotropic case. The technique proposed in this work is accurate and efficient. ln a second moment, curves are presented for the transmission and reflection characteristics of the FSS structures using conducting patch elements mounted on uniaxial anisotropic dielectric substrate layers with optical axis oriented along x, y and z directions. From analysis of these curves, the performance of the considered FSS structures as function of the optical axis orientation is described / Este trabalho apresneta uma an?lise te?rica e num?rica de superf?cies seletivas de freq??ncia, ou Frequency Secective Surface (FSS) com elementos do tipo patch retangular, dipolo fino e dipolo cruzado sobre camadas de substratos diel?tricos anisotr?picos uniaxiais para orienta??es de eixo ?ptico nas dire??es x, y e z. A an?lise destas estruturas ? realizada atrav?s do m?todo dos potenciais vetoriais de Hertz em combina??o com a t?cnica num?rica de Galerkin , no dom?nio da transforma de Fourier, utilizando-se fun??es de base de dom?nio inteiro. Este estudo consiste no emprego de mais uma t?cnica para an?lise de FSS sobre substratos diel?trico anisotr?picos. E apresenta com o principal constribui??o a introdu??o de mais um par?metro de projeto para determina??o das caracter?sticas de transmiss?o e reflex?o das estruturas peri?dicas, a partir da utiliza??o de diel?tricos anisotr?picos com orienta??es de eixo ?ptico nas dire??es x, y e z do sistema de coordenadas cartesianas. Com o objetivo de validar a t?cnica utilizada, s?o realizadas compara??es entre os resultados num?ricos obtidos neste trabalho e os resultados apresentados por outros autores, para o caso de estruturas de FSS com substratos diel?tricos anisotr?picos e isotr?picos. Tamb?m s?o feitas confronta??es entre resultados experimentais e os num?ricos correspondentes para o caso de FSS com material isotr?picos. O m?todo de an?lise proposto mostrou-se bastante eficiente e preciso. Em um segundo momento, s?o apresentadas as curvas das caracter?sticas de transmiss?o e reflex?o de FSS usando patches condutores sobre uma camada diel?trica anisotr?pica uniaxial com eixo ?pitco orientado nas dire??es x, y e z. A partir da an?lise destas curvas, o desempenho das estgruturas de FSS consideradas em fun??o da orienta??o do eixo ?ptico ? descrito

At sites of vessel injury, thrombin mediates coagulation by catalyzing fibrin clot formation and platelet activation. Conversely, plasmin facilitates fibrinolysis by catalyzing the degradation of fibrin clots. Thrombin generation is most frequently measured in plasma samples using small molecule substrates, these substrates have low free thrombin efficiency and specificity, cannot measure thrombin’s exosite interactions and have limited utility in whole blood. Plasma assays are limited because they ignore the hemostatic contributions of blood cells, require anticoagulation and the addition of supraphysiological concentrations of calcium. To overcome these limitations, we have designed and characterized a fluorescence resonance energy quenching (FREQ)-based thrombin sensor (FTS) protein. Compared to small molecule substrates, the FTS demonstrated high specificity for thrombin because it is not cleaved by thrombin inhibited by α2-macroglobulin and interacts with thrombin’s anion binding exosite I. The FTS can effectively measure thrombin generation in plasma and in whole blood. The FTS does not inhibit standard thrombin generation assays. Lastly, FTS-based thrombin generation in non-anticoagulated finger-prick blood is delayed but enhanced compared to citrated plasma. Similarly, plasmin generation is also restricted to plasma samples and measured using the fluorogenic Boc-Glu-Lys-Lys-AMC, which have low free plasmin efficiency and specificity, cannot measure plasmin’s kringle domain interactions and are insensitive to the effects of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Here, we describe the design and characterization of a (FREQ)-based plasmin sensor (FPS) protein that demonstrated high efficiency for plasmin that is not inhibited by α2-macroglobulin when compared to Boc-Glu-Lys-Lys-AMC and interacts with plasmin’s kringle domain 5. The FPS measures plasmin generation in plasma, where it demonstrated greater sensitivity to tranexamic acid compared to Boc-Glu-Lys-Lys-AMC as well as sensitivity to PAI-1 and the effects of fibrin. Therefore, the FTS and FPS will broaden our understanding of thrombin and plasmin generation in ways that are not attainable with current methods. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Increased blood clot formation leads to strokes and heart attacks while the inability to form blood clots when needed leads to bleeding disorders. In the body, thrombin makes blood clots while plasmin breaks them down. Therefore, clotting disorders occur in the absence of proper thrombin and plasmin function and appropriate diagnostics of these processes help to determine appropriate treatment. Currently available tests of thrombin and plasmin do not just measure their active forms and are restricted to plasma assays that do not reflect physiological settings and are not useful for quick diagnosis. Here, we describe the production of novel sensors for thrombin and plasmin that are specific for thrombin and plasmin’s active forms. These sensors have potential to be developed into portable diagnostic tests of thrombin and plasmin activity and to be valuable research tools for the development of better treatment options of blood clotting diseases.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:17:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Landreani Ramirez Goncalves.pdf: 6369784 bytes, checksum: 2ab259d1285dd8c5e8bb6e214271bc0a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-03 / The aim of this work was to identify the parasites present in feces of pigs created rustically, as well as, verify the possibility of the morphological differences between the oocysts of the genus Eimeria recovered and, the frequency of these and of other endoparasites considering the age and sex of the animals. Eighteen samples of feces were collected directly from the rectum of animals from the 13 properties located in Municipality of Rio Claro, in the South Fluminense Para?ba Valley in the State of Rio de Janeiro. After the sporulation process of the positive samples, the oocysts could be observed and identified. In the current study, was possible to observe that despite of the animals are created rustically, these presented a low infection percentage. Helminthes eggs were present in 41,25 % of the examined samples being that eggs of the Strongylidae family present in 35% of the samples and were observed with a bigger frequency in young animals (27,5 %) being less frequent in the adults (7,5 %); Trichuris suis eggs were found only in young animals (3,75 %); Ascaris suum eggs in one young animal (1,25 %) and one animal was positive for eggs of the Strongylida order (1,25 %). Fifty-four percent (54 %) of the samples was positive for the species of the genus Eimeria, 46,25 % for Cryptosporidium spp. and 6,25 % for Cystoisospora suis. The species of the genus Eimeria founded and characterized in this study were confirmed through the use of histograms, as being: E. debliecki, E. neodebliecki, E. polita, E. suis, E. porci and E. scabra. It was observed, that the young animals presented bigger infection percentage. The characteristics observed in this study, in the oocysts and sporocysts, was better detailed microscopically revealing structures not observed previously by other authors, as well as, few have been the works concerning to infection for endoparasites in swines in Brazil, principally the works correlating your frequency and epidemiology. / Com o objetivo de identificar os agentes parasit?rios presentes nas fezes de su?nos criados de forma r?stica, assim como, poss?veis diferen?as morfol?gicas entre os oocistos das esp?cies do g?nero Eimeria encontradas e, a freq??ncia destas e de outros endoparasitos levando-se em considera??o a idade e sexo dos animais foram examinadas 80 amostras de fezes, coletadas diretamente da ampola retal dos animais oriundos de 13 propriedades localizadas no munic?pio de Rio Claro microrregi?o do Vale do Para?ba Sul Fluminense, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. As amostras positivas foram colocadas para esporular com a finalidade de facilitar a identifica??o das esp?cies de cocc?dios encontrados. No presente estudo, pode-se observar que apesar dos animais serem criados de forma r?stica, apresentaram baixo percentual de infec??o. Ovos de helmintos estavam presentes em 41,25% das amostras examinadas sendo que ovos da fam?lia Strongylidae estavam presentes em 35% das amostras e foram observados com uma maior freq??ncia em animais jovens (27,5%) sendo menos freq?ente nos adultos (7,5%); ovos de Trichuris suis somente foram encontrados em animais jovens (3,75%); ovos de Ascaris suum em um animal jovem (1,25%) e um animal foi positivo para ovos da ordem Strongylida (1,25%). Cinq?enta e quatro porcento (54%) das amostras estavam positivas para o g?nero Eimeria, 46,25% para Cryptosporidium spp. e 6,25% para Cystoisospora suis. As esp?cies do g?nero Eimeria encontradas e caracterizadas neste estudo foram confirmadas atrav?s da utiliza??o de histogramas, como sendo E. debliecki, E. neodebliecki, E. polita, E. suis, E. porci, E. scabra. Observou-se ainda, que os animais jovens apresentaram maior percentual de infec??o. As caracter?sticas morfom?tricas observadas neste estudo, tanto nos oocistos como nos esporocistos, foi melhor detalhada microscopicamente revelando estruturas n?o observadas anteriormente por outros autores, assim como, poucos t?m sido os estudos concernentes ? infec??o por endoparasitos em su?nos no Brasil, principalmente os trabalhos relacionados ? sua freq??ncia e a epidemiologia.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-08-31T13:55:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Luciane Marins Bed?.pdf: 3568218 bytes, checksum: dd8b031aa116daa6b17232d9004b198b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-31T13:55:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Luciane Marins Bed?.pdf: 3568218 bytes, checksum: dd8b031aa116daa6b17232d9004b198b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This study was conducted in the Jabaquara mangrove, Paraty, Rio de Janeiro, with the aim of investigate the spatial distribution, population biology of brachyuran species and somatic growth of Uca rapax (Smith, 1870) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Ocypodidae) in the Jabaquara`s mangrove/Paraty - RJ. Sampling was performed in two grids from July 2007 to June 2008, using the capture effort per unit. Two collectors captured the crab monthly, during 15 minutes in low tide. Sediment samples from all the selected plots were collected to determinate particle size and organic matter. Air temperature and salinity also were measured. Eight species of brachyuran were captured, U. rapax, U. thayeri, U. vocator, U. uruguayensis, U. cumulanta, Neohelice granulata, Ucides cordatus and Eurytium limosum. U. rapax was the most abundant species in number of individuals and ovigerous females. The results indicated that distribution of the species was influenced by abiotic factors. The most species were more abundant in the inner portions of the mangroove and near of the sea. The ovigerous females of U. rapax were more abundant in the inner portions of the mangroove and near from the sea and N. granulata more distant from the sea. U. rapax showed a positive correlation with organic matter. U. thayeri, U. uruguayensis and E. limosum negatively correlated to distance from the sea. U. vocator showed positive correlation for sand and organic matter and negatively correlated to distance from the sea. U. cumulanta was positively correlated to sand. The ovigerous females of U. rapax showed a positive correlation to air temperature and organic matter. N. granulata and U. cordatus were the species more versatile in habitat colonization. The size of the crabs in the Jabaquara?s Mangrove were the smallest size than those found in other Brazilian mangroves. However, the males attained a larger size than females. The size frequency distribution was unimodal for the most species. In general, the males were predominant in all size classes, and more evident in larger classes. The sex ratio differ significant from 1:1 proportion (male: female), which most of the time dislocated for males. The most species showed a seasonal reproductive period, with more abundance of ovigerous females during the spring and summer. The growth curves in width (mm) for males and females were described by the equations: LC= 24,28 [ 1- e -0,0038(t-2,8) ] and LC= 22,0 [ 1- e -0,0031(t-2,3)], respectively. The males reach larger sizes and a higher growth rate than females. The longevity was estimated at three years for males and four years for females / Este trabalho foi realizado no manguezal de Jabaquara, em Paraty, Rio de Janeiro com o objetivo de analisar a distribui??o espacial, a biologia populacional das esp?cies de braqui?ros e o crescimento som?tico de Uca rapax (Smith, 1870) no manguezal de Jabaquara/ Paraty ? RJ. As coletas foram realizadas em dois grides de julho 2007 a junho2008, utilizando-se a t?cnica de esfor?o por unidade de captura. Dois coletores capturaram os caranguejos mensalmente, durante 15 minutos em per?odo de mar? baixa. Amostras de sedimento foram coletadas nas parcelas selecionadas, para determinar o tamanho das part?culas e mat?ria org?nica e a temperatura do ar e a salinidade tamb?m foram tomados. Foram capturadas oito esp?cies de braqui?ros: U. rapax, U. thayeri, U. vocator, U. uruguayensis, U. cumulanta, Neohelice granulata, Ucides cordatus e Eurytium limosum. U. rapax foi ? esp?cie mais abundante em n?mero de indiv?duos e de f?meas ov?geras. Os resultados revelaram que a distribui??o das esp?cies foi influenciada pelos fatores abi?ticos. A maioria das esp?cies foi mais abundante nas parcelas mais internas do manguezal e pr?ximas ao mar. As f?meas ov?geras de U. rapax e N. granulata foram mais abundantes nas parcelas mais internas do manguezal e mais pr?ximas e mais distantes do mar, respectivamente. U. rapax apresentou correla??o positiva para mat?ria org?nica. U. thayeri, U. uruguayensis e E. limosum apresentaram correla??o negativa para dist?ncia do mar. U. vocator apresentou correla??o positiva para areia e mat?ria org?nica e correla??o negativa para dist?ncia do mar. U. cumulanta apresentou correla??o positiva para areia. As f?meas ov?geras de U. rapax apresentaram uma correla??o positiva para temperatura do ar e mat?ria org?nica. N. granulata e U. cordatus foram as esp?cies mais vers?teis em formas de colonizar ambientes. Com rela??o ao tamanho dos indiv?duos, observou-se que os braqui?ros do Manguezal de Jabaquara, de maneira geral, apresentam tamanhos maiores que os encontrados em outros manguezais do Brasil. Contudo, os machos atingiram tamanhos maiores que as f?meas. A distribui??o de freq??ncia em classes de tamanho foi unimodal para a maioria das esp?cies. De maneira geral, os machos foram predominantes em todas as classes de tamanho, sendo mais evidente nas maiores classes. A raz?o sexual diferiu significativamente da propor??o 1:1, estando na maioria das vezes deslocada para os machos. A maioria das esp?cies apresentou um per?odo reprodutivo sazonal, ocorrendo maior abund?ncia de f?meas ov?geras na primavera e no ver?o. O modelo de von Bertalanffy foi utilizado para a descri??o do crescimento. As curvas de crescimento em largura (mm) para machos e f?meas de U. rapax, foram descritas pelas equa??es: LC= 24,28 [ 1- e -0,0038(t-2,8) ] e LC= 22,0 [ 1- e -0,0031(t-2,3)], respectivamente. Os machos apresentaram uma taxa de crescimento maior do que as f?meas. A longevidade foi estimada em 3 anos para os machos e 4 anos para as f?meas.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosAF.pdf: 3157701 bytes, checksum: 321380718abc3cf2b4863451edba1f31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-22 / A S?ndrome de Berardinelli-Seip ou Lipodistrofia Generalizada Cong?nita (LGC) ? uma doen?a rara, com transmiss?o autoss?mica recessiva, caracterizada principalmente pela aus?ncia quase total de tecido adiposo. Os pacientes afetados apresentam resist?ncia a insulina, dislipidemia e hipertens?o arterial. Estudos t?m evidenciado que estas altera??es metab?licas interferem na modula??o auton?mica para o n? sinusal. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a modula??o auton?mica em pacientes portadores de LGC, atrav?s da variabilidade de freq??ncia card?aca (VFC), pelo m?todo linear de dom?nio de tempo na Eletrocardiografia Din?mica de 24 horas e estabelecer um crit?rio relativamente simples, n?o invasivo, para diagn?stico de disfun??o auton?mica nestes pacientes. Participou voluntariamente deste estudo transversal, um grupo de pacientes portadores de LGC (n=18) na faixa et?ria de 9,3 a 39,8 anos (21,3 ? 8,3) cuja variabilidade de freq??ncia card?aca foi comparada com um grupo de pacientes controles (n=19) com idade de 9,3 a 39,1 anos (21,4 ? 7,8). Todos os volunt?rios foram submetidos ? avalia??o cl?nica, laboratorial, antropom?trica e an?lise de VFC no dom?nio de tempo atrav?s de eletrocardiografia din?mica de 24 horas. Para an?lise dos dados relativos aos ?ndices temporais de VFC foram utilizados o MeanRR, SSDN e rMSSD. Pacientes com LGC apresentavam aumento da press?o arterial comparados com indiv?duos do grupo controle (sist?lica, 131,1 vs 106,3 mmHg, p<0,05); diast?lica, 85,0 vs 68,2 mmHg, p<0,05) e 10 tinham crit?rios para diagn?stico de Hipertens?o Arterial e Hipertrofia do Ventr?culo Esquerdo. Os n?veis de glicose, triglicer?deos, colesterol e HOMA-R eram elevados e 12 pacientes tinham crit?rios para diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Comparado com os controles, pacientes com LGC tinham diminui??o dos ?ndices MeanRR (639,8 vs 780,5 ms, p<0,001), SDNN (79,2 vs 168,5 ms, p<0,001), e rMSSD (15,8 vs 59,6 ms, p<0,001). Em pacientes com LGC, a redu??o da VFC foi independente de dist?rbios metab?licos e hemodin?micos. Os resultados de nosso experimento indicam que pacientes com LGC apresentavam modula??o auton?mica anormal caracterizada pelo aumento da freq??ncia card?aca e pronunciada redu??o da VFC, independente de dist?rbios metab?licos e hemodin?micos observados nesta s?ndrome. O car?ter multidisciplinar desse estudo fica contemplado pela intera??o de profissionais de diversas ?reas como: cardiologia, endocrinologia, metabolismo, neurologia, nutri??o, etc

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:31:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gildevane Aparecido Ferreira.pdf: 3776872 bytes, checksum: 2024d74a9d885d3bc67ca267094d9d6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-25 / This MSc. thesis presents new results of activities with the development and characterization on RF devices operating on the 2,4 GHz channel, which has been done using a flat fast fading emulator. This RF emulator has been developed with the use of electronic circuits between them, and the presence of an attenuator which can be controlled by software and another one controlled by a power supply. The performance and characterization of the emulator has been done with some tests of video streaming links. The essential purpose is to present a simple and efficient approach to implement a testbed emulation of flat fast fading that can allow the RF signal to be confined inside a coaxial cable, where there is a controlled ambient whose permits to investigate the performance over all wireless networks. We perform also in this work some comparison to evaluate the behavior of both the 802.11b and 802.11g standards in flat fast fading channel through a video transmission and a further analysis of the jitter in many different power levels of the signal by assuming that the emulator has a perfect control of the system. / An?lise comparativa do desempenho das redes locais sem fio (WLANs), padr?o IEEE 802.11b e 802.11g, na transmiss?o de fluxo cont?nuo de v?deo, tamb?m conhecido como streaming de v?deo, simulando caracter?sticas de uma transmiss?o de v?deo em formato IPTV, com o intuito de identificar qual dos dois padr?es tem melhor desempenho na transmiss?o desse tipo de tr?fego. Esse trabalho foi motivado pela necessidade de implanta??o da segunda fase do projeto Exibe da TV PUC Campinas, que prev? a distribui??o da programa??o do canal universit?rio, em formato IPTV, atrav?s de redes IP sem fio. Para simula??o desse sistema de distribui??o de v?deo, foram feitas an?lises das caracter?sticas de distribui??o, transmiss?o e formatos do v?deo transmitido. As transmiss?es foram realizadas com o uso de um emulador de R?dio Freq??ncia que disp?e de dois atenuadores, um controlado por software e outro por uma fonte de tens?o. O emulador pode proporcionar um ambiente controlado, onde todas as transmiss?es puderam ser realizadas utilizando os dois padr?es de rede, garantindo uma correta identifica??o do canal, controle das atenua??es e acompanhamento dos fen?menos de propaga??o.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:31:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato de Melo Faria.pdf: 4613150 bytes, checksum: 69b6e3b76d003f29092583ba8cd22c48 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-27 / In broad terms, this work suggests a new premise for the planning of channels of digital TV that focuses on optimizing spectrum. It made a contextualization on the decrees, laws and regulations concerning the Digital TV in Brazil. It presents the most relevant technical aspects of the Brazilian System of Digital Terrestrial Television (SBTVD-T), particularly those ones that can in any way affect the use of the spectrum. It will be presented with the Basic Plan of Distribution Channels for Digital Television (PBTVD) and the assumptions that have guided its construction. A new proposal is focused considering that each broadcaster uses only one channel in some specific region and holds a case study of this proposal in the micro of Campinas, State of S?o Paulo. This work concludes with an analysis of the results of case studies and presents opportunities for future work. / De forma ampla, este trabalho prop?e uma nova premissa para o planejamento de canais de TV Digital que privilegia a otimiza??o de espectro. ? feita uma contextualiza??o sobre os decretos, leis e regulamentos que tratam da TV Digital no Brasil. Apresenta os aspectos t?cnicos mais relevantes do Sistema Brasileiro de Televis?o Digital Terrestre (SBTVD-T), principalmente aqueles que podem de alguma forma afetar uso do espectro. Ser? apresentado o Plano B?sico de Distribui??o de Canais de Televis?o Digital (PBTVD) e as premissas que nortearam a sua constru??o. Uma nova proposta ? enfocada considerando que cada geradora utilize apenas um canal por microrregi?o no pa?s e realiza um estudo de caso desta proposta na microrregi?o de Campinas, Estado de S?o Paulo. Este trabalho conclui com uma an?lise dos resultados do estudo de caso e apresenta as possibilidades de trabalhos futuros.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:17:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Ione Soares Ferreira Ginuino.pdf: 594140 bytes, checksum: 1524f0a5e00c7f5bb986fa9cebab4c20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-24 / With the objective to determine frequency, age and sex influences, and risk factor associated to Blastocystis hominis in feces of housed dogs and cats from the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 234 fecal samples were collected by convenience from 175 dogs and 59 cats. To the diagnostic of B. hominis in fecal samples, direct examination was used, but ferric-hematoxilin and Gomori s trichrome techniques were used in order to confirm this diagnostic. Width and length of the parasite found in fecal samples varied from 10.07 to 13.80, and 12.66 to 19.93 to dogs and cats respectively. With regards the frequency of B. hominis in housed animals, 23.42 of dogs, and 23.72% of cats were positives, independent of animal sex. Animal s age was the important factor to determine, mainly in dogs, the risk of B. hominis transmission in dwellings. / Com o objetivo de determinar a morfologia, freq??ncia, influ?ncia da idade e sexo, e fatores de risco associados ? Blastocystis hominis nas fezes de c?es e gatos domiciliados na Regi?o Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, foram coletadas amostras fecais por conveni?ncia de 175 c?es e 59 gatos. Para o diagn?stico de B. hominis, foi utilizado o exame direto, e para confirma??o do diagn?stico foram usadas ?s t?cnicas de colora??o da hematoxilina f?rrica e tricr?mio de Gomori. A largura e o comprimento de B. hominis encontrado nas amostras fecais variaram de 10,07 a 13,80&#956;m, e 12,66 a 19,93&#956;m para c?es e gatos respectivamente. Quanto ? freq??ncia de B. hominis nos animais domiciliados, 23,42% dos c?es, e 23,72% dos gatos foram positivos, independente do sexo. A idade dos animais foi um importante fator para determinar, principalmente nos c?es domiciliados, o risco de transmiss?o de B. hominis.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-10-16T18:04:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Julia Dias Villas Boas.pdf: 1436604 bytes, checksum: 75141877c9539bce3fead0d670b18aa7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-16T18:04:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Julia Dias Villas Boas.pdf: 1436604 bytes, checksum: 75141877c9539bce3fead0d670b18aa7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-22 / CAPES / Acupuncture is an ancient technique of Chinese traditional medicine used in the treatment and prevention of diseases, and aims to help the body return to its balance state, by inserting metal needles at specific points in the skin. Under stress conditions, the body acts through the activation and deactivation mechanisms to restore and maintain homeostasis. The repeated exposure or the prolonged and exaggerated reaction to stress are associated with the onset of various diseases. Thus, it is essential to use strategies that can prevent or minimize the deleterious effects of stress. The heart rate variability (HRV) and the increased serum cortisol respectively reflect the activity of the autonomic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) systems that are activated acutely in stress situations. The present study aimed to standardize an experimental model of acute stress specific to startle horses and evaluate if acupuncture can alter the stress response through the use of stress models (test start and reprise dressage).The present study aimed to evaluate if acupuncture in Dressage horses can alter the stress responses through the use of a laboratory startle test model (sudden umbrella opening) and a test the field: the dressage. In experiment 1, horses previously divided into groups: G1: control, G2: Acupuncture in non-points; G3: Acupuncture points GV1, H7, GV20 and B52 were tested for startle (an abrupt umbrella opening) and analyzed the HRV (through the use of Polar heart rate monitors heart Equine ?), the serum cortisol and the behavior through the reactivity test. In experiment 2, performance in dressage, serum cortisol and HRV were evaluated in horses previously undergone acupuncture points GV1, H7, GV20 and B52. The startle test caused a significant increase of LF/HF that reflects the increased of balance sympathetic in relation to the parasympathetic and a significant behavioral response, without increase cortisol levels. The acupuncture reduced LF/HF ratio at the activation parasympathetic time and cortisol levels 30 minutes after the stress without changing the reactivity response. The treatment in no points had no effect on the studied parameters. The dressage promoted increased levels of cortisol after 30 minutes. Acupuncture significantly reduced the LF/HF ratio, however it had no effect on cortisol levels and the performance evaluated by the judges and riders. The data analysis shows that the models used were effective in the study of stress responses in horses and may be used in further studies to evaluate strategies anti-stress. Furthermore, we conclude that acupuncture can be considered in beneficial in reducing stress levels in athletic horses, mainly due to its potentiating action of the vagal system. / A Acupuntura ? uma t?cnica milenar da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa utilizada no tratamento e preven??es de doen?as, que tem como objetivo auxiliar o corpo retornar ao seu estado de equil?brio, atrav?s da inser??o de agulhas de metal em pontos espec?ficos da pele. Nas condi??es de estresse, o organismo age por meio da ativa??o e desativa??o de mecanismo de controle de v?rias fun??es para recuperar e manter a homeostase. A exposi??o repetida ou a rea??o exagerada e prolongada a situa??es de estresse est?o associadas ao aparecimento de diversas doen?as. Desta forma, ? fundamental o uso de estrat?gias que possam prevenir ou minimizar os efeitos delet?rios do estresse. A variabilidade da frequ?ncia card?aca (VFC) e o aumento do cortisol s?rico s?o medidas que refletem respectivamente a atividade Sistema Nervoso Aut?nomo e do eixo hipot?lamo-hip?fise-adrenal (HHA), que s?o sistemas ativados agudamente em situa??es de estresse. O presente estudo teve como objetivo padronizar um modelo experimental de estresse agudo de sobressalto espec?fico para equinos e avaliar se acupuntura pode alterar as respostas de estresse, atrav?s da utiliza??o de modelos de estresse (teste do sobressalto e reprise de adestramento). No experimento 1, equinos previamente divididos em grupos: G1: Controle, G2: Acupuntura em n?o-pontos; G3: Acupuntura nos pontos VG1, C7, VG20 e B52 foram submetidos ao teste de sobressalto (abertura abrupta de um guarda-chuva) e analisados a VFC (atrav?s do uso do frequencimetro card?aco Polar Equine?), o cortisol s?rico e o comportamento atrav?s do teste de reatividade. No experimento 2, a performance na reprise de adestramento, o cortisol s?rico e a VFC foram avaliadas em cavalos submetidos previamente a acupuntura nos pontos VG1, C7, VG20 e B52. O teste de sobressalto promoveu aumento significativo da raz?o LF/HF medida que reflete aumento do balan?o simp?tico em rela??o ao parassimp?tico e uma significativa resposta comportamental, embora n?o tenha significativamente aumentado os n?veis de cortisol. A acupuntura reduziu a raz?o LF/HF no momento de ativa??o parassimp?tica e os n?veis de cortisol 30 minutos ap?s o estresse sem alterar a resposta de reatividade. O tratamento em n?o pontos n?o apresentou nenhum efeito sobre os par?metros estudados. A reprise de adestramento promoveu aumento dos n?veis de cortisol ap?s 30 minutos. Acupuntura reduziu significativamente a raz?o LF/HF, no entanto, n?o teve efeito sobre os n?veis de cortisol e sobre o desempenho avaliado pelos ju?zes e cavaleiros. A an?lise dos dados demonstram que os modelos utilizados foram eficazes para o estudo das respostas de estresse em equinos e podem ser utilizados em estudos futuros para avaliar estrat?gias anti-estresse. Al?m disso, podemos concluir que a acupuntura pode ser considerada ben?fica na redu??o dos n?veis de estresse em cavalos atletas, devido principalmente sua a??o de potencializador do sistema vagal.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:55:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WellingtonCA.pdf: 2479530 bytes, checksum: b3f1a9eeb71d69303b76e476fd5fe393 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-10 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work presents a study of implementation procedures for multiband microstrip patch antennas characterization, using on wireless communication systems. An artificial neural network multilayer perceptron is used to locate the bands of operational frequencies of the antenna for different geometrics configurations. The antenna is projected, simulated and tested in laboratory. The results obtained are compared in order to validate the performance of archetypes that resulted in a good one agreement in metric terms. The neurocomputationals procedures developed can be extended to other electromagnetic structures of wireless communications systems / Esta disserta??o apresenta um estudo dos procedimentos de implementa??o para a caracteriza??o de antenas patch de microfita multibanda empregadas em sistemas de comunica??es sem fio. Uma rede neural artificial do tipo percepton multicamada ? empregada para localizar as bandas de freq??ncias operacionais da antena para diferentes configura??es geom?tricas. A antena ? projetada, simulada e testada em laborat?rio. Os resultados obtidos s?o comparados a fim de validar o desempenho dos prot?tipos que resultou numa boa concord?ncia em termos m?tricos. Os procedimentos neurocomputacionais desenvolvidos podem ser estendidos a outras estruturas eletromagn?ticas de sistemas de comunica??es sem fio