One experiment examined the relationship between smoked marijuana and anxiety generated by the anticipation of a stressor paired with a salient, benign distractor. It was hypothesized that smoking one marijuana cigarette with an estimated &delta9-THC content of 26.25 mg, relative to placebo, would reduce anxiety generated by an anticipatory stressor paired with a benign distractor. In the experiment 14 marijuana users with a mean frequency of marijuana use per week of 2.07 (Range = 1-3) were administered one marijuana cigarette (active vs. placebo) per experimental session. A significant Drug × Session interaction was observed such that during the first experimental session, participants administered active marijuana reported non-significant decreases in negative affect, relative to placebo, while those administered active marijuana during the second experimental session reported significant increases in negative affect. This finding indicates that large individual differences in response to drug type (active vs. placebo) occurred within the participant sample. The results are discussed in terms of the influence of individual differences and contextual factors on the observed differential affective responses to &delta9-THC in order to identify which participants experienced the greatest benefit in negative affect reduction from &delta9-THC.

Fiziškai aktyvūs studentai yra ypatinga jaunimo grupė, kuriai būdingas didesnis dėmesingumas savo sveikatos būklei,padidintas fizinis krūvis,aktyvesnis kasdienio gyvenimo ritmas,todėl ypatingai svarbi yra taisyklinga mityba,bei tikslingas maisto papildų vartojimas.Tikslas:Ištirti ir išanalizuoti fiziškai aktyvių studentų maisto papildų vartojimo ypatumus.Uždaviniai:1)Nustatyti ir įvertinti maisto papildų vartojimą tarp fiziškai aktyvių VU studentų:vartojimo paplitimą, vartojamas maisto papildų rūšis;2)Ištirti maisto papildus vartojančių/nevartojančių fiziškai aktyvių VU studentų gyvensenos ypatumus bei mitybos įpročius;3)Išsiaiškinti kokiu tikslu vartojami/nevartojami maisto papildai;4)Nustatyti maisto papildų pasirinkimą lemiančius kriterijus;5)Išsiaiškinti fiziškai aktyvių VU studentų požiūrį į maisto papildų efektyvumą, vartojimo būtinumą, finansinį prieinamumą.Metodai:duomenys buvo renkami anketinės apklausos metodu.Tyrime dalyvavo 426 Vilniaus universiteto sporto ir sveikatos centro užsiėmimus lankantys studentai(jie traktuojami kaip fiziškai aktyvūs studentai).Statistinei duomenų analizei buvo naudojamas programinis statistinių duomenų paketas SPSS 17.0. Kokybinių duomenų skirtumų patikimumas nustatytas pagal &#967;2 kriterijų.Statistinio reikšmingumo lygmuo p<0,05.Išvados:Maisto papildų vartojimas studentų tarpe sumažėjo,bet stabilizavosi.Maisto papildus dažniau vartoja moterys nei vyrai.Maisto papildų vartojimas priklauso nuo pajamų.Daugeliui studentų maisto papildai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Physically active students are a special group of young people, which is characterized by greater of attention their health status, increased physical activity, increased daily rhythm of life, thus it is extremely important is the correct diet and appropriate use of dietary supplements.Overall aim of study: Investigate and analyze food supplements usage among physically active students. The study included 426 University Health Centre and sports activities visiting students.Tasks:1)to investigate food supplements usage among Vilnius university students: prevalence rate of food supplements usage and type of taken food supplements;2)to investigate general lifestyle characteristics and some health and nutrition rates among food supplements;3)to investigate the purpose for which the nutritional supplements used/not used; 4)to investigate some peculiarities, related with purposeful choose;5)to investigate the views of the effectiveness of dietary supplements, consumer need for financial accessibility.Methods:Data were collected using a questionnaire survey method.The study included 426 Vilnius University Health Centre and sports activities visiting students.Data obtained from were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software.Qualitative differences in the reliability of the data set in accordance with &#967;2 test.The statistical significance level of p<0.05.Conclusions:Food supplement use among students has decreased, but stabilized.Food supplements are often used female than by male.Food... [to full text]

The purpose of this study is to find the motivation to use of Facebook, the social presence of Facebook and the popular network media now, and verifying how the major motivations on Facebook and social presence on Facebook and the other popular network media affect to the frequency of use on these platforms. It tested hypotheses through questionnaire. By the random sampling method, 202 returned online questionnaires in total were regarded as valid (64.74% response rate). The findings have been summarized as the following: 1. The male to female ratio of Facebook users are close, the students are majority job, and many users are also workers. 2. If Facebook and internet community media characteristics are different, it will affect the user's social presence. 3. If there are Facebook users have different motivations to use, it won¡¦t influence the frequency of use of the Internet community media. 4. The higher level of social presence when the more biased nature of personal communication medium of the Internet community. 5. The differences in social presence will influence the frequency of use of the communication media. 6. Relax and browse information on the motivation are major motivations for the user of Facebook.

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People in developed countries are living longer with the help of medical advances. Literature has shown that older people prefer to stay independent and live at home for as long as possible. Therefore, it is important to find out how to best accommodate and assist them in maintaining quality of life and independence as well as easing human resources. Researchers have claimed that assistive devices assist in older people’s independence, however, only a small number of studies regarding the efficiency of assistive devices have been undertaken of which several have stated that devices are not being used. The overall aim of this research was to identify whether the disuse and ineffectiveness of assistive devices are related to change in abilities or related to the design of the devices. The objective was to gather information from the elderly; to identify what assistive devices are being used or not used and to gain an understanding on their attitudes towards assistive devices. Research was conducted in two phases. The initial phase of the research was conducted with the distribution of questionnaires to people over the age of fifty that asked general questions and specific questions on type of devices being used. Phase One was followed on by Phase Two, where participants from Phase One who had come in contact with assistive devices were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. Questions were put forth to the interviewee on their use of and attitudes towards assistive devices. Findings indicated that the reasons for the disuse in assistive devices were mostly design related; bulkiness, reliability, performance of the device, difficulty of use. The other main reason for disuse was socially related; elderly people preferred to undertake activities on their own and only use a device as a precaution or when absolutely necessary. They would prefer not having to rely on the devices. Living situation and difference in gender did not affect the preference for the use of assistive devices over personal assistance. The majority strongly supported the idea of remaining independent for as long as possible. In conclusion, this study proposes that through these findings, product designers will have a better understanding of the requirements of an elderly user. This will enable the designers to produce assistive devices that are more practical, personalised, reliable, easy to use and tie in with the older people’s environments. Additional research with different variables is recommended to further justify these findings.

[pt] Nesta dissertação é proposto um novo método para a avaliação da eficiência de uso do espectro a ser aplicado para os sistemas de telecomunicações pontoárea, incluindo radiodifusão, e ponto-a-ponto. A definição proposta para o índice de eficiência é baseada nos aspectos técnicos, mas outros aspectos que podem influenciar na determinação da eficiência dos sistemas de telecomunicações, como os econômicos, sociais, políticos e estratégicos também são discutidos. O método é testado com dados reais de sistemas disponibilizados pela Anatel e no sítio dos prestadores de serviços de telecomunicações no Brasil. É muito importante avaliar a eficiência dos sistemas de telecomunicações, pois sendo o espectro de radiofreqüências um recurso limitado, pela tecnologia e capacidade de gerenciamento, a introdução de novos serviços de telecomunicações somente será possível com a substituição, pela realocação ou extinção, de determinadas aplicações menos eficientes. Apesar da regulamentação nacional e internacional constantemente referir-se à importância do uso eficiente das faixas de freqüências, não existe um método harmonizado de avaliação, o que impede a verificação deste aspecto pelos órgãos reguladores. As novas tecnologias e as oportunidades de desenvolvimento social que elas proporcionam demonstram a necessidade da boa gerência do espectro de radiofreqüências e de que cada uma de suas porções seja utilizada de forma eficiente e adequada a cada tipo de aplicação. / [en] In this work a new method for the assessment of the spectrum use efficiency is proposed to be applied to point-area, including broadcasting, and point-to-point telecommunications systems. The proposed definition of the efficiency index is based in technical aspects, but other subjects that affect the determination of a telecommunications system efficiency, as economics, social, political and strategic issues are also discussed. The method is tested with data of real systems available from the Brazilian Regulatory Agency (Anatel) and at the telecommunications service providers web sites. It is very important to assess the telecommunications systems efficiency, because being the radio spectrum a scarce resource, limited by technology and management capacity, the introduction of new telecommunications services will only be possible by replacement, refarming or suppression of some less efficient applications. Despite national and international regulations usually refers to the importance of efficient use of the frequency bands, there is no harmonized assessment method to be applied and verified by the regulators. The new technologies and the opportunities for social development provided by them, bring to the light the need for a good radio spectrum management and how each part of it must be used efficiently and assigned properly for each type of application or telecommunications service.

The subject of the thesis is the „Solnice Tourist Centre“ project. This project involves the reconstruction of 2 historical buildings in the center of Znojmo. This centre is on the national heritage register. The project aims to build a three star pension with a 51 bed capacity and offer value added services to tourists to the area. The goal of the thesis is to analyse the purpose and realization of this project on the basis of economical and financial indicators. Some key points to be looked at are: best option chosen, were financial requirements correctly defined, risks involved and future of the investment. This thesis will also be used as basis for documentation to claim a SROP grant.

In this study a linguistic investigation of the traditional colour terms of Northern Sotho was carried out. The research comprised three separate phases. In all three phases two aspects were emphasised, namely, the nature of the concept underlying each colour term and the nature and extent to which the selection requirements of the term affected the antecedent. In the first phase, the definitions of selected colour terms, as given in three standard Northern Sotho dictionaries, were studied and compared. These dictionaries included: Pukuntšu, The New Sesotho Dictionary and the Groot Noord-Sotho Woordeboek. Special reference was made to (a) the description of colour as given in the definition, and (b) the selection requirements with regard to the antecedent. The concept “colour term” itself is problematic as the definitions of these terms encompass more than mere references to colour. When comparing the definitions of these terms in Northern Sotho dictionaries, however, little unanimity could be found regarding: (a) the the concept underlying the colour terms, and (b) the selection requirements of these terms in respect of the antecedent. In phase two, six mother-tongue speakers of Northern Sotho were interviewed. The descriptions of the colour terms provided by these respondents were then analysed in the same manner as that of the dictionaries. The informants were all professional people with notable linguistic ability and knowledge of livestock. An Electronic Data Base (compiled by the Department of African Languages, University of Pretoria) was consulted in the third phase of study. The objective of this phase was to collect data on the frequency of use of these colour terms and in light of this to make deductions on their selection requirements. Finally, a synthesis was made of the information collected during the three phases. As indicated above, this is a practical study falling within the ambit of the science of language-usage. At most it can be claimed that the conceptualisation of colour and the manner in which it is reflected in language, has a psycho-linguistic basis. As a result of the nature of the study, it could not always be carried out within a strict theoretical framework. / Dissertation (M A (African Languages))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / African Languages / unrestricted

In the diploma thesis titled "Mediation in the Czech legal framework and comparative analysis with foreign legislation", the author aims to analyze how the basic principles of mediation are legislated in the legal systems of the Czech Republic, the Federal Republic of Germany and the United States of America. By applying a combination of methods of quantitative and qualitative comparative analysis, the author deals with the question of how the legal regulation of mediation affects the usage of court-ordered mediation and the success of such a mediation process. The author focused mainly on the legal grounding of the main principles of mediation, the historical and cultural context of their origin and the form of the mediation process for court-ordered mediation. The author based her work on the authentic wording of legal regulations and used officially available data for the quantitative comparative analysis, which related the usage of court-ordered mediation in the analyzed countries.