Across Australia and other developed nations, morbidity and mortality follows a socioeconomic gradient whereby the lowest socioeconomic groups experience the poorest health. The dietary practices of low socioeconomic groups, which are comparatively less consistent with dietary recommendations, have been thought to contribute to the excess morbidity and mortality observed among low socioeconomic groups, although this phenomenon is not well understood. Using a socioecological framework, this thesis examines whether the local food retail environment and confidence to cook contribute to socioeconomic differences in fruit and vegetable purchasing. To achieve this, four quantitative analyses of data from two main sources were conducted. The food retail environment was examined via secondary analysis of the Brisbane Food Study (BFS) and confidence to cook was examined in a cross-sectional study designed and carried out by the author. The first three manuscripts were based on findings from the BFS. Briefly, the BFS was a multilevel cross-sectional study, designed to examine determinants of inequalities, that was conducted in Brisbane in the year 2000. A stratified random sample was taken of 50 small areas (census collection districts, CCDs) and 1003 residents who usually shopped for their households were interviewed face-to-face using a schedule that included a measure of fruit and vegetable purchasing and three socioeconomic markers: education, occupation and gross household income. The purchasing measure was based on how often (never, rarely, sometimes nearly always or always) participants bought common fruits and vegetables for their households in fresh or frozen form, when in season. Food shops within a 2.5 km radius of the CCDs in which survey respondents lived were identified and audited to determine their location, type, their opening hours, and their price and availability of a list of food items. The first publication demonstrated there was minimal to no difference in the availability of supermarkets, greengrocers and convenience stores between areas that were most and least disadvantaged, in terms of the number of shops, distance to the nearest shop, or opening hours. Similarly, the second publication showed the most disadvantaged and least disadvantaged areas had no large or significant difference in the price and availability of fruits and vegetables within supermarkets, greengrocers and convenience stores, but small differences were consistently apparent, such that on average, low socioeconomic areas had lower prices but also lesser availability than more advantaged areas. The third submitted manuscript presents results of multilevel logistic regression analyses of the BFS data. While there were some associations between environmental characteristics and fruit and vegetable purchasing, environmental characteristics did not mediate socioeconomic differences in purchasing the fruit and vegetable items since there was no substantial socioeconomic patterning of the price or availability of fruits and vegetables. The fourth submitted manuscript was based on the cross-sectional study of cooking skills. A stratified random sample of six CCDs in Brisbane was taken and 990 household members ‘mostly responsible’ for preparing food were invited to participate. A final response rate of 43% was achieved. Data were collected via a self-completed questionnaire, which covered household demographics, vegetable purchasing (using the same measure employed in the BFS for continuity), confidence to prepare these same vegetables, and confidence to cook vegetables using ten cooking techniques. Respondents were asked to indicate how confident they felt (ranging from not at all- to very- confident) to prepare each vegetable, and to use each technique. This fourth study found respondents with low education and low household income had significantly lower confidence to cook than their higher socioeconomic counterparts, and lower confidence to cook was in turn associated with less household vegetable purchasing. Collectively, the four manuscripts comprising this thesis provide an understanding of the contribution of food accessibility, affordability and cooking skills to socioeconomic differences in fruit and vegetable purchasing, within a socioecological framework. The evidence provided by this thesis is consistent with a contributory role of confidence to cook in socioeconomic differences in fruit and vegetable purchasing, but is not definitive. Additional research is necessary before promoting cooking skills to improve population nutrition or reduce nutritional inequalities. An area potentially useful to examine would be how cooking skills integrate with psychosocial correlates of food and nutrition, and socioeconomic position. For example, whether improvement of cooking skills can generate interest and knowledge, and improve dietary behaviours, and whether a lack of interest in food and nutrition contributes to a lack of both fruit and vegetable consumption and cooking skills. This thesis has demonstrated that an inequitably distributed food retail environment probably does not contribute to socioeconomic variation in fruit and vegetable purchasing, at least in contemporary Brisbane, Australia. Findings are unlikely to apply to other time periods, rural and regional settings, and perhaps other Australian cities as residential and retail development, and the supply and pricing of produce vary substantially across these dimensions. Overall, the main implication for public health is that interventions targeting the food supply in terms of ensuring greater provision of shops, or altering the available food and prices in shops may not necessarily carry a great benefit, at least in major cities similar to Brisbane. Future studies of equitable food access may need to look beyond mapping the distribution of shops and prices, perhaps to more personal and subjective facets of accessibility and affordability that incorporate individuals’ perceptions and ability to access and pay for foods.

Nutriomics is the study of the whole range of nutritional components (nutriome) in foods. In order to further understand the molecular basis for the positive health benefits of fruits identified from epidemiology, the mass balance through the human digestion and absorption should be studied. The components of the nutriome studied in this research were sugars, carotenoids, phenolics and organic acids, all important for defining dietary – human health relationships and linking to evidence obtained from epidemiological studies. An attempt to approach a realistic human mimetic digestion and absorption model has been carried out in this study using a static in-vitro model of the human digestive system. Two major novelities in this model compared to other in-vitro models are (i) the use of particles of solid fruit products that mimic the products of human chewing and (ii) a cell-based (Caco-2) in-vitro intestinal absorption model. Hence, imitative bioavailability, i.e. releasing nutrients and potential levels of target compounds reaching the portal circulatory system could be assessed. The fruits studied were tomato, mango, papaya; each as fresh, dried and juiced forms. In-vivo chewing suggested 0.5 cm size modes for dried products and 1.5 cm for fresh products. The agglomerates that were obtained from the chewing of dried products disaggregated during in-vitro digestions in the presence of acids (gastric simulation) or sodium bicarbonate at pH 6 (small intestinal simulation). The extent of this disaggregation followed the order: tomato > mango > papaya. Although all fresh samples contained separated cells, their responses to a 5 mm texture analysis probe (mimicking teeth cusps) varied depending on fruit products. All matrices were hardened by drying, becoming more brittle and breaking easier to produce smaller size modes. Variation between individual participants in the size of their chewed particles was lower for fresh products and high for dried products. The in-vitro digestion and absorption model developed had simulated particle sizes of approximately 0.5 cm3 for dried products or 1.5 cm3 (thickness varied with the products) for fresh products in a 9:1 ratio mix with blended samples, and were digested in-vitro using the following steps: 1. ‘Chewing’: pH 6.9; 37 C, 10 min, in a shaking-water bath (55 rpm) with human alpha-amylase (100 U/L). 2. ‘Gastric’ digestion: pH 2; 37 C, 60 min, in a shaking-water (55 rpm) with porcine pepsin (40 µg/L). 3. ‘Intestinal’ digestion: pH 6; 37 C, 60 min, in a shaking-water bath (55 rpm) with porcine pancreatin and bile extract (1.4 µg/L and 8.6 µg/L, respectively). 4. Caco-2 cell monolayer in-vitro passages: aged 22 days post confluent monolayers in a 24 transwell-insert well plate seeded at 105 cells, pH 7.4 with renewal of apical and basolateral solutions every 30 min for bioavailability estimations. In this study, two models of basolateral – apical solution renewals were carried out: both apical and basolateral were renewed (model A) and basolateral only was renewed (model B). To study metabolites produced by Caco-2 cells, the bioassays were carried out for 22 h without renewals of apical and basolateral solutions (model C). An overview of nutriomics analysis of in-vitro digestions of mango, papaya and tomato based on principal component analysis (PCA) suggested: (1) fruit types led to variable nutriome releases: in-vitro digestions affected tomato >mango >papaya; (2) processing varied nutriome releases from fruit products with juicing tended to release more nutriome components, whereas drying and unprocessed (fresh) did not show noticeably different patterns; (3) gastric and simultaneous gastric-intestinal digestions were similar in nutriome releases whereas contributions of intestinal digestion alone were negligible for water soluble nutriome components; and overall (4) during in-vitro digestions there were no interactions among releasing nutriome from the fruit products studied (independent nutriome releasing processes). Phenolic components showed molecular changes during in-vitro digestion and processing, due to, heating effects, pH or enzymic degradations. Caco-2 bioassays using model compounds showed a range of monolayer responses as follows: (1) mannitol, lycopene and catechin were strictly retained in the apical solution; (2) sugars, caffeine and atenolol were translocated in the apical-to-basolateral direction as intact molecules; (3) Beta-carotene partially disappeared from the apical solution without basolateral release. Models A – C consistently confirmed these responses. Low recoveries provided evidence for cellular metabolisms of (particularly) phenolic and carotenoid molecules by the Caco-2 cell monolayers.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Submitted by Emanuel Varela Cardoso (emanuel.varela@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-10-16T16:03:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FAUSTO VAZ DE OLIVEIRA – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGFísica) 2014.pdf: 2950759 bytes, checksum: f75675457b33950244dae94b86657cac (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-16T16:03:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FAUSTO VAZ DE OLIVEIRA – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGFísica) 2014.pdf: 2950759 bytes, checksum: f75675457b33950244dae94b86657cac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-13 / CNPq / Neste trabalho usamos a técnica de Espectroscopia Fotoacústica na identificação de Biomoléculas Funcionais, presentes em várias frutas e vegetais. Essas biomoléculas, em geral compostos polifenólicos, formam grupos de substâncias amplamente distribuídos em plantas, frutas e legumes, componentes comuns da alimentação humana, especialmente flavonóides e taninos que possuem diversas propriedades terapêuticas e farmacológicas. Dentre as espécies de frutas e cereais investigadas, cientificamente estabelecidas como depositárias de moléculas bioativas, algumas se destacam por suas excelentes propriedades funcionais, tendo, por este motivo, recebido o nome pomposo de “superfrutas”. São elas caracterizadas por apresentarem altas concentrações de polifenóis tais como as antocianinas, os flavonóis (quercetinas, kaempferol, catequinas, resveratrol e taninos), os ácidos fenólicos como o gálico, o ascórbico, o elágico, o clorogênico, o benzóico, o felúrico, etc e os carotenóides, onde se destacam o β–caroteno, licopeno, violaxantina, zeaxantina, luteína, neoaxantina, dentre outras. As superfrutas são assim classificadas por exibirem extraordinário valor funcional. Os resultados experimentais obtidos por espectroscopia fotoacústica para os comprimentos de onda λmax que representa os picos de absorção em cada amostra de frutas e vegetais investigados evidenciam a existência de Biomoléculas Funcionais, que fazem bem a saúde humana. Nossos resultados, obtidos pela técnica de Espectroscopia Fotoacústica, confirmam esta como uma ferramenta experimental de grande potencial e eficiência na identificação de biomoléculas em sistemas biológicos “in natura”, sem necessidade de utilização de processos exaustivos de extração molecular. / In this work we have used the technique of Photoacoustic Spectroscopy to identify Functional Biomolecules, present in various fruits and vegetables. These polyphenolic compounds constitute groups of substances widely distributed in plants, fruits and vegetables, common components of the human diet, especially anthocyanins, flavonols, tannins and carotenoids that have been found to exhibit several therapeutic and pharmacological properties. Among the fruits and vegetables species investigated and scientifically established as host for bioactive or functional biomolecules, some of them are detached by their excellent functional properties, then, have been nominates as “superfruits”. They are characterized by exhibit high concentrations of polyphenols compounds such as anthocyanins, flavonols (quercitins, kaempferol, catechins, tannins), the phenolic acids such as the gallic, ascorbic, ellagic, chlorogenic, benzoic, ferulic, etc, and the carotenoids β–carotene, lycopene, violaxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, neoaxanthin among others. The “superfruits” are classified in this way for exhibit functional extraordinary value. The experimental results obtained by photoacoustic spectroscopy λmax for the wave lengths representing the absorption peaks of each sample of fruits and vegetables investigated showed the existence of Functional Biomolecules, which are human health as well. Our results obtained by the technique Photoacoustic Spectroscopy confirm this as an experimental tool with great potential and efficiency in the detection of biomolecules in biological systems “in nature”, without the need of using exhaustive molecular extraction processes.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T19:15:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RychardsonRA_DISSERT.pdf: 1201618 bytes, checksum: cb96bc642f88956f9747209cd3983de0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Muricy (Byrsonima verbascifolia (L.) Rich.) is distinguished as a tropical fruit species of ample distribution in the Cerrados and coastal plains of Brazil. Even though its botanical importance and economic potential, very few studies have been carried out with this species that lacks knowledge in relation to its physiological and phenological behavior. The objective of this work was to study the phenology and morphology of plants, fruits and seeds of twenty native adult plants in a natural coastal plain area of the state of Alagoas. All selected plants had presented a clear synchronism in all studied phenophases. The leaves abscission of the plants occurred all throughout the studied period, but it was more intense in the driest months of the year (September to November) and was always followed by the sprouting of new leaf buds and flowers. On the other hand, the fruit production was concentrated mainly between December and February. Reproductive phenophases in the plants showed to be dependent on the environment where they grew, since the same species studied in other regions presented different reproductive periods. The correlation between the main morphometric indices of the plants canopy (total height of the plant, diameter, length and ratio of canopy) indicated that they were positively correlated with the diameter of the stem at the ground level. The total height was only positively correlated with the diameter and length of the canopy. The biometric analyses showed that the mean weight of the fresh fruits was of 1.21 g, the longitudinal diameter and the transversal line of the fruits were, respectively, 8,5 millimeters and 7,4 millimeters, and the mean proportion of the pulp was of 63%. The mean fresh mass of the fruits was proportional to the amount of pulp (r = 0.605; P < 0.05), indicating an interesting potential for future works of plant improvement in this species. / O murici (Byrsonima verbascifolia (L.) Rich.) destaca-se como uma espécie frutífera de ampla distribuição nos cerrados e tabuleiros costeiros brasileiro. Apesar de sua importância botânica e de seu potencial econômico, essa espécie tem sido pouco estudada, principalmente, em relação ao seu comportamento fisiológico e fenológico diante das variações no ambiente físico em que se desenvolve. O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar a fenologia e caracterizar morfologicamente as plantas, frutos e sementes de vinte plantas adultas nativas de uma área natural de tabuleiro costeiro localizada na zona rural do litoral norte do estado de Alagoas. As vinte plantas selecionadas apresentaram claro sincronismo em todas as fenofases estudadas. A abscisão das folhas das plantas ocorreu ao longo de todo o período estudado, mas foi mais intensa nos meses mais secos (setembro a novembro) e foi sempre acompanhada da brotação de novas gemas e flores. Por outro lado, a frutificação concentrou-se principalmente entre os meses de dezembro a fevereiro. As fenofases reprodutivas foram dependentes do ambiente onde se desenvolveram, visto que a mesma espécie estudada em outras regiões apresentou períodos reprodutivos diferentes. A correlação dos principais índices morfométricos da copa indicaram que existem correlações positivas do diâmetro do caule ao nível do solo com os índices altura total, diâmetro, comprimento e proporção de copa. Para a altura total foram encontradas correlações somente com diâmetro de copa e comprimento de copa. As análises biométricas mostraram que o peso médio dos frutos frescos foi de 1.21 g, o diâmetro longitudinal e o transversal das frutas foram, respectivamente, 8.5 milímetros e 7.4 milímetros, e o rendimento médio da polpa foi de 63%. A massa fresca média dos frutos foi proporcional à quantidade de polpa (r = 0.605; P < 0.05), indicando um potencial interessante para futuros trabalhos de seleção de árvores de elite com vistas ao melhoramento genético da espécie.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T19:18:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RychardsonRA_TESE.pdf: 2995837 bytes, checksum: 05e99c47bdfd7dd13516d35596c04e3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The work had the aim to characterize physical and chemically fruits of genotypes of guajiru, maçaranduba and cambuí from native populations of Paripueira, Maceió, Marechal Deodoro and Piaçabuçu, Alagoas, Brazil. The samples were evaluated individually for the following characters: fresh weight of the fruits, fresh weight of the pulp, fresh weight of the peel, fresh weight of the seed, longitudinal and cross diameter of the fruit and yield of pulp. The characterization of the pulp were determined by the total acidity, ash, moisture, pH, reducing sugars and total soluble solids (° Brix), proteins, lipids, vitamin C and total energetic value. All genotypes showed the physical characteristics required by the processing industries featuring fruits with low acidity, lightly sweetened and pulp yield exceeding 60%. The fruits of cambui maçaranduba presented high content of Vitamin C, averaging 1101.4 mg.100 g-1 and 227.4 mg.100 g- 1, respectively. All the genotypes showed differences between the evaluated parameters allowing to select genotypes with a single character or more simultaneously / O trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar física e quimicamente frutos de genótipos de cambuí, guajiru e maçaranduba nativos de ocorrência nos municípios de Paripueira, Maceió, Marechal Deodoro e Piaçabuçu, Alagoas. As amostras foram avaliadas individualmente quanto aos caracteres: massa fresca do fruto, massa fresca da polpa, massa fresca da casca, massa fresca da semente, diâmetro longitudinal e transversal do fruto e rendimento de polpa. Na caracterização da polpa foram determinadas acidez total, cinzas, umidade, pH, açúcares redutores e totais, sólidos solúveis (ºBrix), proteínas, lipídios, vitamina C e valor energético total. Todos os genótipos apresentaram características físicas exigidas pelas indústrias de processamento apresentando frutos com baixa acidez, levemente adocicados e rendimento de polpa superior a 60%. Os frutos de cambuizeiro e maçarandubeira destacam-se pelo elevado teor de Vitamina C, com médias de 1101,4 mg.100 g-1 e 227,4 mg.100 g-1, respectivamente. Os genótipos avaliados apresentaram variabilidade entre os parâmetros analisados possibilitando selecionar genótipos através de um único caráter superior ou simultaneamente

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T19:18:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RychardsonRA_DISSERT.pdf: 1201618 bytes, checksum: cb96bc642f88956f9747209cd3983de0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Muricy (Byrsonima verbascifolia (L.) Rich.) is distinguished as a tropical fruit species of ample distribution in the Cerrados and coastal plains of Brazil. Even though its botanical importance and economic potential, very few studies have been carried out with this species that lacks knowledge in relation to its physiological and phenological behavior. The objective of this work was to study the phenology and morphology of plants, fruits and seeds of twenty native adult plants in a natural coastal plain area of the state of Alagoas. All selected plants had presented a clear synchronism in all studied phenophases. The leaves abscission of the plants occurred all throughout the studied period, but it was more intense in the driest months of the year (September to November) and was always followed by the sprouting of new leaf buds and flowers. On the other hand, the fruit production was concentrated mainly between December and February. Reproductive phenophases in the plants showed to be dependent on the environment where they grew, since the same species studied in other regions presented different reproductive periods. The correlation between the main morphometric indices of the plants canopy (total height of the plant, diameter, length and ratio of canopy) indicated that they were positively correlated with the diameter of the stem at the ground level. The total height was only positively correlated with the diameter and length of the canopy. The biometric analyses showed that the mean weight of the fresh fruits was of 1.21 g, the longitudinal diameter and the transversal line of the fruits were, respectively, 8,5 millimeters and 7,4 millimeters, and the mean proportion of the pulp was of 63%. The mean fresh mass of the fruits was proportional to the amount of pulp (r = 0.605; P < 0.05), indicating an interesting potential for future works of plant improvement in this species. / O murici (Byrsonima verbascifolia (L.) Rich.) destaca-se como uma espécie frutífera de ampla distribuição nos cerrados e tabuleiros costeiros brasileiro. Apesar de sua importância botânica e de seu potencial econômico, essa espécie tem sido pouco estudada, principalmente, em relação ao seu comportamento fisiológico e fenológico diante das variações no ambiente físico em que se desenvolve. O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar a fenologia e caracterizar morfologicamente as plantas, frutos e sementes de vinte plantas adultas nativas de uma área natural de tabuleiro costeiro localizada na zona rural do litoral norte do estado de Alagoas. As vinte plantas selecionadas apresentaram claro sincronismo em todas as fenofases estudadas. A abscisão das folhas das plantas ocorreu ao longo de todo o período estudado, mas foi mais intensa nos meses mais secos (setembro a novembro) e foi sempre acompanhada da brotação de novas gemas e flores. Por outro lado, a frutificação concentrou-se principalmente entre os meses de dezembro a fevereiro. As fenofases reprodutivas foram dependentes do ambiente onde se desenvolveram, visto que a mesma espécie estudada em outras regiões apresentou períodos reprodutivos diferentes. A correlação dos principais índices morfométricos da copa indicaram que existem correlações positivas do diâmetro do caule ao nível do solo com os índices altura total, diâmetro, comprimento e proporção de copa. Para a altura total foram encontradas correlações somente com diâmetro de copa e comprimento de copa. As análises biométricas mostraram que o peso médio dos frutos frescos foi de 1.21 g, o diâmetro longitudinal e o transversal das frutas foram, respectivamente, 8.5 milímetros e 7.4 milímetros, e o rendimento médio da polpa foi de 63%. A massa fresca média dos frutos foi proporcional à quantidade de polpa (r = 0.605; P < 0.05), indicando um potencial interessante para futuros trabalhos de seleção de árvores de elite com vistas ao melhoramento genético da espécie.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-31T13:29:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AndrezzaACM_DISSERT.pdf: 988309 bytes, checksum: 9619badb5c59711ce4b84599afd15913 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-11 / Innovation in products elaboration is a constant purpose in the food industry in order to get differential quality attributes. For this, the development of new flavors fruit yogurt may be well received by consumers of the product, especially if these present some antioxidant properties. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate some physical and chemical properties, antioxidants and sensory of yogurt manufactured from noni pulp (Morinda citrifolia L.) and acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) pulp. For this, the following formulations were developed: F1- natural yogurt (control); F2 - yogurt with acerola pulp (2.5%); F3 - yogurt with noni pulp (2.5%); F4 - mixed yogurt with acerola pulp (1.25%) and noni pulp (1.25%); F5 - yogurt with acerola pulp (5%); F6 - yogurt with noni pulp (5%); F7 - mixed yogurt with acerola pulp (2.5%) and noni pulp (2.5%). The physical and chemical analysis (pH, titratable acidity, milk fat and protein), phenolic content, antioxidant activity and sensory analysis (consistency, acceptance and purchase intent) were carried out in yogurt. The data were evaluated by the Scott-Knott test and Friedman with probability of 5%. All yogurts showed physical and chemical quality according to the quality standard established by brazilian legislation. There was treatment effect on physical and chemical parameters, except to pH. The yogurts manufactured with only acerola (2.5% and 5%) obtained higher antioxidant activity (51.56% and 79.83%, respectively). There was treatment effect for the sensory attributes evaluated. The formulations F1, F2 and F4 obtained higher consistency. The yogurt with 5% noni obtained lower acceptance and purchase intention. The yogurts with noni 2.5% and 2.5% acerola obtained lower rejections. The yogurt manufactured showed acceptance similar to the natural yogurt. Thus, the new yogurt formulations show great commercial potential / A inovação na elaboração de produtos é uma finalidade constante na indústria de alimentos, visando agregar atributos de qualidade diferencial. Por isso, o desenvolvimento de novos sabores de iogurtes de frutas tende a ser bem recebido pelos consumidores do produto, ainda mais se possuírem alguma propriedade antioxidante. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar algumas propriedades físico-químicas, antioxidantes e sensoriais de iogurte elaborado com polpa de noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) e acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.). Para isto, foram desenvolvidas as seguintes formulações: F1- iogurte natural (controle); F2 - iogurte com polpa de acerola (2,5%); F3 - iogurte com polpa de noni (2,5%); F4 - iogurte misto com polpa de acerola (1,25%) e noni (1,25%); F5 iogurte com polpa de acerola (5%); F6 - iogurte com polpa de noni (5%); F7 - iogurte com polpa de acerola (2,5%) e noni (2,5%). Foram realizadas análises físico-químicas (pH, acidez titulável, gordura láctea e proteínas lácteas), teor de compostos fenólicos, atividade antioxidante e análises sensoriais (consistência, aceitação e intenção de compra). Os dados foram avaliados pelo Teste de Scott-Knott e de Friedman com probabilidade de 5%. Todos os iogurtes apresentaram qualidade físico-química conforme o padrão de qualidade estabelecido pela legislação brasileira. Houve efeito de tratamento para os parâmetros físico-químicos, exceto pH. Os iogurtes formulados somente com acerola (2,5% e 5%) apresentaram maiores atividades antioxidantes (51,56% e 79,83%, respectivamente). Houve efeito de tratamento para os atributos sensoriais avaliados. As formulações F1, F2 e F4 obtiveram as maiores consistências. A formulação com 5% de noni apresentou a menor aceitação e a menor intenção de compra. As formulações com noni a 2,5% e acerola a 2,5% apresentaram menores rejeições. A aceitação dos iogurtes formulados foi semelhante ao do iogurte natural. Assim, as novas formulações apresentam grande potencialidade comercial

O Rio Grande do Sul se destaca por sua riqueza florística, entretanto, muitas espécies frutíferas permanecem desconhecidas, embora possuam potencial para se tornarem competitivas com as espécies já tradicionais. Neste sentido, este trabalho visa aprofundar a caracterização de alguns frutos nativos da região, estimulando a exploração desta biodiversidade, esclarecendo a potencialidade dos produtos e sua utilização em prol dos benefícios a saúde e o avanço da economia local e nacional. Para isso, foi realizada uma caracterização bromatológica e fitoquímica, como também foi verificado o potencial antioxidante de frutos nativos tais como: araticum (Rollinia sylvatica A. St.-Hil.), araçá (Psidium cattleyanum Sabine), butiá (Butia capitata Mart. (Becc.)), gabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg.), uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambes.) e tuna (Cereus hildmannianus K. Schum.). A partir dos resultados, pode-se verificar que entre os frutos da família Myrtaceae, a guabiroba destacou-se por apresentar maior quantidade de compostos fenólicos (1495,27 mg/100g), carotenóides (54,35 μg/g), e vitamina C (5,44 mg/ g) como também um excelente potencial antioxidante (90,26 M eq. trolox/g de fruto fresco e 906,63 g de fruto fresco/g DPPH), indicando ser um fruto bastante promissor tanto para consumo in natura quanto para utilização tecnológica, visto que também obteve melhor relação SST/ATT (45,12). Entretanto, esse mesmo fruto se sobressaiu com os teores mais elevados de Al (31,27 μg/g) e Cr (1,80 μg/g), juntamente com a uvaia (1,56 μg/g), que demonstrou quantidades superiores de Fe (21,27 μg/g) e Zn (60,48 μg/g). A uvaia também se destacou pelo elevado teor de carotenóides (50,09 μg/g). O araçá, apesar de apresentar teores de compostos fenólicos e atividade antioxidantes inferiores à guabiroba, ainda assim apresentou-se superior a muitas frutas tradicionalmente consumidas. Quanto aos minerais analisados, o araçá amarelo se destacou pelo elevado teor de Na (828,78 μg/g) e o vermelho de Co (3,27 μg/g). Em relação ao outro grupo de frutos estudado, de famílias botânicas variadas, o butiá e a tuna apresentaram capacidade antioxidante superior à uvaia e à muitas espécies frutíferas tradicionalmente consumidas. O butiá também se destacou com teor mais elevado em carotenóides (39,6 μg/g) e nos minerais Cd (0,06 μg/g) e Ni (4,99 μg/g). A tuna apresentou maior conteúdo de compostos fenólicos totais (1337,28 mg/100g) e predomínio de Ba (7,97 μg/g), Bi (6,36 μg/g), Ga (6,02 μg/g), Mg (1215,54 μg/g ) e Mn (207,90 μg/g). O araticum se sobressaiu quanto a concentração de vitamina C (0,32 mg/g) e no resultado para SST/ATT (41,92), mostrando-se adequado tanto para o consumo in natura como para o processamento. Para este mesmo fruto ainda foi observada quantidade de Cu (80,38 μg/g) acima do recomendado, assim como também teve destaque com maiores concentrações de Pb (0,10 μg/g), Sr (28,95 μg/g), Ca (2579,50 μg/g) e K (11522,03 μg/g). / The Rio Grande do Sul State (Brazil) stands out for its richness flora, however, many fruit species remain unknown, although they have the potential to become competitive with the traditional species. Thus, this work aimed to deepen the characterization of some native fruits of the region, encouraging the exploitation of our biodiversity, preventing biopiracy, clarifying the potential of our products and their use in support of health benefits and advancement of the local and national economy. For this, we performed a phisicochemical and phytochemical characterization, and also was determined the potential of antioxidant custard apple (araticum) (Rollinia sylvatica A. St .- Hil.), Guava (araçá) (Psidium cattleyanum Sabine) coco palm (butiá) (Butia capitata Mart. (becc.)), gabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg.), uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambes.) and tuna cactus (tuna) (Cereus hildmannianus K. Schum.). From the results, one can see that among the fruits of the Myrtaceae, the guabiroba stood out due to its greater quantity of phenolic compounds (1495.27 mg/100g), carotenoids (54.35 μg/g), and vitamin C (5.44 mg/g), as well as, an excellent antioxidant potential (90.26 M trolox/g and 906.63 g/g DPPH) could be a promising fruit for both fresh consumption and for use technology, since they also obtained better TSS/TTA ratio (45.12). However, the guabiroba showed the highest levels of Al (31.27 μg/g) and Cr (1.80 μg/g), together with uvaia (1.56 mg/g), which showed higher amounts Fe (21.27 μg/g) and Zn (60.48 μg/g). The uvaia also stood out for presenting a relevant carotenoid content (50.09 μg/g). Yellow guava, although showing a lower phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity then the guabiroba, nevertheless showed much higher values than many traditionally consumed fruit. Regarding minerals, the yellow guava stood out high concentrations of Na (828.78 μg/g) and the red guava Co (3.27 μg/g). The coco palm (25.96 trolox μM/g and 3847.54 g/g DPPH) and tuna cactus (19.61 trolox μM/g 3249.77 g/g DPPH) showed higher antioxidant capacity than many fruit species traditionally consumed. In the other group of fruits studied, in various plant families, the coco palm fruit stood out due to its elevate carotenoid content (39.6 μg/g) and minerals Cd (0.06 μg/g) and Ni (4.99 μg/g). The tuna cactus fruit showed the highest total phenolic compound content (1337.28 mg/100 g) and predominance of Ba (7.97 μg/g), Bi (6.36 μg/g), Ga (6.02 μg/g) Mg (1215.54 μg/g) and Mn (207.90 μg/g). Although the custard apple showed the highest vitamin C content (0.32 mg/g) showed the best result for the TSS/TTA ratio (41.92), and was thus adequate for both in natura consumption and for processing. This fruit was also observed amounts of Cu (80.38 μg/g) above the recommended, as was also stood out for its high concentrations of Pb (0.10 μg/g), Sr (28.95 μg/g), Ca (2579.50 μg/g) and K (11,522.03 μg/g).