HSLA-65 steel (6.4 mm thick) was friction stir welded at various welding speeds and spindle speeds. Varying weld parameters provided a range of heat inputs. Impact toughness was evaluated as a function of the different weld parameters and corresponding weld heat inputs. Charpy V-Notch (CVN) tests were conducted in parent material and at both the weld nugget centerline and heat-affected zone (HAZ) locations. The upper shelf CVN impact energy of the weld nugget was above that of the base metal for all weld parameters. The upper shelf impact toughness in the HAZ was largely unaffected by changing weld parameters. The nil-ductility transition (NDT) temperature in the weld nugget increased with increasing heat input. The toughness, with respect to the ductile-to-brittle transition, was negatively affected by the increase in heat input. The NDT temperature in the HAZ did not correlate with heat input. The microstructures and microhardness data were examined. Aspects of variation in the impact energy results were identified as the inhomogeneity of the weld microstructure and the placement of the V-notch. Weld nugget microstructures were more inhomogeneous than base metal. Hardness results showed varying values of hardness from the weld crown to the root, transversely across the weld, and longitudinally along the length. Variation due primarily to the inhomogeneity of the weld microstructure is compounded by the location of the V-notch.

No description available.

No description available.

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram processar e caracterizar microestrutural e mecanicamente superligas à base de cobalto do sistema Co-Al-W-Ni-Cr-(Nb,Ta)- C-B com microestrutura ?/?\'. Visando possível aplicação em ferramenta para Soldagem por Atrito com Pino Não Consumível (SAPNC), em inglês Friction Stir Welding (FSW) nas composições: (Co-10Al-7,5W-30Ni-10Cr-3,0Nb-0,6C-0,06B %at. ) - 30Ni-3Nb, (Co-10Al-7,5W-40Ni-10Cr-3,0Nb-0,6C-0,06B %at.) - 40Ni-3Nb, (Co-10Al-7,5W-50Ni-10Cr-3,0Nb-0,6C-0,06B %at.) - 50Ni-3Nb além da liga patenteada (Co-10Al-7,5W-40Ni-10Cr-3,0Ta-0,6C-0,06B %at.) - 40Ni-3Ta considerada padrão para este projeto. A caraterização microestrutural foi feita por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), microscopia eletrônica de varredura por emissão de campo (MEV-FEG), medidas de microanálise semi-quantitativa e mapeamento químico por EDS, caracterização por difração de raios X, além do ensaio mecânico de dureza Vickers em todas as amostras. Os resultados da caracterização microestrutural e mecânica para a liga 40Ni-3Ta mostraram-se semelhantes aos encontrados na literatura enquanto que a composição 40Ni-3Nb foi a que apresentou resultados mais próximos em relação à liga padrão. / The objectives of this study were to process and characterize microstructural and mechanical cobalt-based superalloys from Co-Al-W-Ni-Cr-(Nb,Ta)-C-B system with ?/? \' microstructure. Aiming possible application for Friction Stir Welding (FSW) tool in the compositions: (Co-10Al-7.5W-30Ni-10Cr-3.0Nb-0.6C-0.06B %at.) - 30Ni-3Nb, (Co-10Al-7.5W-40Ni-10Cr-3.0Nb-0.6C-0.06B %at. ) - 40Ni-3Nb, (Co-10Al-7.5W-50Ni-10Cr-3.0Nb-0.6C-0.06B %at.) - 50Ni-3Nb, including the patented alloy (Co-10Al-7.5W -40Ni-10Cr-3.0Ta-0.6C-0.06B %at.) - 40Ni-3Ta considered the standard alloy for this project. The microstructural characterization was made by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Field Emission Gun (SEM-FEG), semi-quantitative microanalysis measures and chemical mapping by EDS, characterization by X - ray diffraction and mechanical test of hardness Vickers in all the samples. The results of the microstructural and mechanical characterization for 40Ni-3Ta alloy were similar to those found in the literature. The 40Ni-3Nb alloy showed the closest results, among the other alloys studied in comparison with the standard alloy.

A soldagem por fricção (Friction Stir Welding - FSW) é um processo eficiente de unir ligas de alumínio de alta resistência evitando defeitos que são usualmente criados quando técnicas convencionais de soldagem são utilizadas. A indústria aeronáutica tem mostrado grande interesse neste método de soldagem, tanto para a união de ligas similares como dissimilares. Entretanto, este processo causa modificações microestruturais dependentes das condições de tratamento térmico ou termomecânico. Contato elétrico entre zonas de microestruturas diferentes, por sua vez, pode resultar em acoplamento galvânico. No presente estudo, a soldagem por FSW foi usada para unir duas ligas de alumínio dissimilares, AA2024-T3 e AA7475-T651 e o efeito desta soldagem na resistência à corrosão das juntas soldadas e na microestrutura das ligas foi avaliada. Na investigação da resistência à corrosão foram utilizados ensaios eletroquímicos, especificamente, medidas de potencial de circuito aberto (OCP) em função do tempo de exposição ao meio corrosivo, ensaios de polarização e de espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica, global (EIS) ou local (LEIS), em duas soluções, seja 0,1 M Na2SO4 ou 0,1 M Na2SO4 + 1 mM NaCl. Os ensaios eletroquímicos evidenciaram efeito de acoplamento galvânico nas juntas soldadas. A caracterização microestrutural foi realizada por microscopia ótica, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, microscopia eletrônica de transmissão e por calorimetria diferencial. As zonas afetadas pela solda tiveram importantes modificações na microestrutura indicadas pela precipitação e dissolução de precipitados que afetam a resistência à corrosão localizada. A resistência à corrosão intergranular e a resistência à esfoliação das juntas soldadas também foram avaliadas e comparadas com as das ligas AA2024-T3 e AA7475-T651 não soldadas. Os resultados mostraram aumento da suscetibilidade das juntas soldadas a estas formas de corrosão em comparação com as ligas não soldadas sendo observado ataque mais severo na liga AA7475-T651. A identificação das áreas anódicas e catódicas resultantes do acoplamento galvânico nas juntas soldadas foi realizada por teste que consistiu na deposição de camada de gel (ágar-ágar) com indicador universal na superfície das ligas soldadas. A liga AA2024-T3 atuou como cátodo, enquanto a AA7475-T651, como ânodo no par galvânico. Além disso, evolução de hidrogênio foi observada na região de interface entre a zona termomecanicamente afetada e a termicamente afetada da liga AA7475-T651 mostrando que reações catódicas também ocorreram localmente nesta última liga. Resultados de LEIS obtidos nas diferentes zonas das duas ligas soldadas por FSW mostraram acoplamento galvânico na interface entre elas para tempos curtos de ensaio e deslocamento da região mais ativa com o tempo de ensaio para a liga AA7475-T651, mais precisamente para a interface entre a zona termomecanicamente afetada e a térmicamente afetada desta liga. / Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is an efficient process of joining high strength aluminum alloys avoiding defects that are usually created when conventional welding techniques are used. The aircraft industry has shown great interest in this welding method, both for welding of similar or dissimilar alloys. However, this process causes microstructural changes that are dependent on the thermal or thermomechanical conditions applied. Electrical contact between zones of different microstructures, in turn, can result in galvanic coupling. In the present study, FSW was used to join two dissimilar aluminum alloys, AA2024-T3 and AA7475-T651 and the effect of this process on the corrosion resistance of the welded joints and on the microstructure of the alloys was evaluated. For corrosion resistance evaluation, electrochemical tests were used, specifically, open circuit potential measurements (OCP) as a function of time of exposure time to the corrosive environment, polarization tests, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, global (EIS) or local (LEIS), in two solutions, either 0.1 M Na2SO4 or 0.1M Na2SO4 + 1 mM NaCl. The electrochemical tests showed galvanic coupling effects in the welded joints. Microstructural characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and differencial scanning calorimetry. The welded affected zones showed significant microstructural changes indicated by precipitation and dissolution of precipitates that affect the localized corrosion resistance. Intergranular and exfoliation corrosion resistance of the welded joints were also evaluated and compared to those of unwelded AA2024-T3 and AA7475-T651 alloys. The results showed increased susceptibility of welded joints to these forms of corrosion in comparison with the unwelded alloys with more severe attack associated to the AA7475-T651 alloy. Identification of anodic and cathodic areas due to galvanic coupling in the welded joints was evaluated by a test consisting in depositing a gel layer (ágar-ágar) with universal indicator on the surface of the welded alloys. The AA2024-T3 alloy worked as cathode, while the AA7475-T651 as anode in the galvanic coupling. Furthermore, hydrogen evolution was observed at the interface region between the thermomechanically affected zone and the heat affected alloy AA7475-T651 showing that cathodic reactions also occurred on this last alloy. LEIS results obtained in different zones of the two FSW welded alloys showed galvanic coupling at the interface between them for short test times and displacement of the most active region to the AA7475-T651 alloy, at longer periods of test, specifically to the interface between the thermomechanically affected and the heat affected zones of this last alloy.

A soldagem por fricção (Friction Stir Welding - FSW) é um processo eficiente de unir ligas de alumínio de alta resistência evitando defeitos que são usualmente criados quando técnicas convencionais de soldagem são utilizadas. A indústria aeronáutica tem mostrado grande interesse neste método de soldagem, tanto para a união de ligas similares como dissimilares. Entretanto, este processo causa modificações microestruturais dependentes das condições de tratamento térmico ou termomecânico. Contato elétrico entre zonas de microestruturas diferentes, por sua vez, pode resultar em acoplamento galvânico. No presente estudo, a soldagem por FSW foi usada para unir duas ligas de alumínio dissimilares, AA2024-T3 e AA7475-T651 e o efeito desta soldagem na resistência à corrosão das juntas soldadas e na microestrutura das ligas foi avaliada. Na investigação da resistência à corrosão foram utilizados ensaios eletroquímicos, especificamente, medidas de potencial de circuito aberto (OCP) em função do tempo de exposição ao meio corrosivo, ensaios de polarização e de espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica, global (EIS) ou local (LEIS), em duas soluções, seja 0,1 M Na2SO4 ou 0,1 M Na2SO4 + 1 mM NaCl. Os ensaios eletroquímicos evidenciaram efeito de acoplamento galvânico nas juntas soldadas. A caracterização microestrutural foi realizada por microscopia ótica, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, microscopia eletrônica de transmissão e por calorimetria diferencial. As zonas afetadas pela solda tiveram importantes modificações na microestrutura indicadas pela precipitação e dissolução de precipitados que afetam a resistência à corrosão localizada. A resistência à corrosão intergranular e a resistência à esfoliação das juntas soldadas também foram avaliadas e comparadas com as das ligas AA2024-T3 e AA7475-T651 não soldadas. Os resultados mostraram aumento da suscetibilidade das juntas soldadas a estas formas de corrosão em comparação com as ligas não soldadas sendo observado ataque mais severo na liga AA7475-T651. A identificação das áreas anódicas e catódicas resultantes do acoplamento galvânico nas juntas soldadas foi realizada por teste que consistiu na deposição de camada de gel (ágar-ágar) com indicador universal na superfície das ligas soldadas. A liga AA2024-T3 atuou como cátodo, enquanto a AA7475-T651, como ânodo no par galvânico. Além disso, evolução de hidrogênio foi observada na região de interface entre a zona termomecanicamente afetada e a termicamente afetada da liga AA7475-T651 mostrando que reações catódicas também ocorreram localmente nesta última liga. Resultados de LEIS obtidos nas diferentes zonas das duas ligas soldadas por FSW mostraram acoplamento galvânico na interface entre elas para tempos curtos de ensaio e deslocamento da região mais ativa com o tempo de ensaio para a liga AA7475-T651, mais precisamente para a interface entre a zona termomecanicamente afetada e a térmicamente afetada desta liga. / Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is an efficient process of joining high strength aluminum alloys avoiding defects that are usually created when conventional welding techniques are used. The aircraft industry has shown great interest in this welding method, both for welding of similar or dissimilar alloys. However, this process causes microstructural changes that are dependent on the thermal or thermomechanical conditions applied. Electrical contact between zones of different microstructures, in turn, can result in galvanic coupling. In the present study, FSW was used to join two dissimilar aluminum alloys, AA2024-T3 and AA7475-T651 and the effect of this process on the corrosion resistance of the welded joints and on the microstructure of the alloys was evaluated. For corrosion resistance evaluation, electrochemical tests were used, specifically, open circuit potential measurements (OCP) as a function of time of exposure time to the corrosive environment, polarization tests, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, global (EIS) or local (LEIS), in two solutions, either 0.1 M Na2SO4 or 0.1M Na2SO4 + 1 mM NaCl. The electrochemical tests showed galvanic coupling effects in the welded joints. Microstructural characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and differencial scanning calorimetry. The welded affected zones showed significant microstructural changes indicated by precipitation and dissolution of precipitates that affect the localized corrosion resistance. Intergranular and exfoliation corrosion resistance of the welded joints were also evaluated and compared to those of unwelded AA2024-T3 and AA7475-T651 alloys. The results showed increased susceptibility of welded joints to these forms of corrosion in comparison with the unwelded alloys with more severe attack associated to the AA7475-T651 alloy. Identification of anodic and cathodic areas due to galvanic coupling in the welded joints was evaluated by a test consisting in depositing a gel layer (ágar-ágar) with universal indicator on the surface of the welded alloys. The AA2024-T3 alloy worked as cathode, while the AA7475-T651 as anode in the galvanic coupling. Furthermore, hydrogen evolution was observed at the interface region between the thermomechanically affected zone and the heat affected alloy AA7475-T651 showing that cathodic reactions also occurred on this last alloy. LEIS results obtained in different zones of the two FSW welded alloys showed galvanic coupling at the interface between them for short test times and displacement of the most active region to the AA7475-T651 alloy, at longer periods of test, specifically to the interface between the thermomechanically affected and the heat affected zones of this last alloy.

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram processar e caracterizar microestrutural e mecanicamente superligas à base de cobalto do sistema Co-Al-W-Ni-Cr-(Nb,Ta)- C-B com microestrutura ?/?\'. Visando possível aplicação em ferramenta para Soldagem por Atrito com Pino Não Consumível (SAPNC), em inglês Friction Stir Welding (FSW) nas composições: (Co-10Al-7,5W-30Ni-10Cr-3,0Nb-0,6C-0,06B %at. ) - 30Ni-3Nb, (Co-10Al-7,5W-40Ni-10Cr-3,0Nb-0,6C-0,06B %at.) - 40Ni-3Nb, (Co-10Al-7,5W-50Ni-10Cr-3,0Nb-0,6C-0,06B %at.) - 50Ni-3Nb além da liga patenteada (Co-10Al-7,5W-40Ni-10Cr-3,0Ta-0,6C-0,06B %at.) - 40Ni-3Ta considerada padrão para este projeto. A caraterização microestrutural foi feita por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), microscopia eletrônica de varredura por emissão de campo (MEV-FEG), medidas de microanálise semi-quantitativa e mapeamento químico por EDS, caracterização por difração de raios X, além do ensaio mecânico de dureza Vickers em todas as amostras. Os resultados da caracterização microestrutural e mecânica para a liga 40Ni-3Ta mostraram-se semelhantes aos encontrados na literatura enquanto que a composição 40Ni-3Nb foi a que apresentou resultados mais próximos em relação à liga padrão. / The objectives of this study were to process and characterize microstructural and mechanical cobalt-based superalloys from Co-Al-W-Ni-Cr-(Nb,Ta)-C-B system with ?/? \' microstructure. Aiming possible application for Friction Stir Welding (FSW) tool in the compositions: (Co-10Al-7.5W-30Ni-10Cr-3.0Nb-0.6C-0.06B %at.) - 30Ni-3Nb, (Co-10Al-7.5W-40Ni-10Cr-3.0Nb-0.6C-0.06B %at. ) - 40Ni-3Nb, (Co-10Al-7.5W-50Ni-10Cr-3.0Nb-0.6C-0.06B %at.) - 50Ni-3Nb, including the patented alloy (Co-10Al-7.5W -40Ni-10Cr-3.0Ta-0.6C-0.06B %at.) - 40Ni-3Ta considered the standard alloy for this project. The microstructural characterization was made by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Field Emission Gun (SEM-FEG), semi-quantitative microanalysis measures and chemical mapping by EDS, characterization by X - ray diffraction and mechanical test of hardness Vickers in all the samples. The results of the microstructural and mechanical characterization for 40Ni-3Ta alloy were similar to those found in the literature. The 40Ni-3Nb alloy showed the closest results, among the other alloys studied in comparison with the standard alloy.

Le procédé de soudage par friction malaxage ou Friction Stir Welding (FSW), est un procédé récent utilisé pour le soudage de pièces métalliques avec différentes applications dans les industries aéronautique, automobile, spatiale et ferroviaire. Les robots industriels sériels peuvent être utilisés comme moyen de soudage FSW mais, à cause de leur rigidité, ils se déforment sous l’effet des forces générées par le procédé. Ceci entraîne une déviation de trajectoire de l’outil de soudage en position et en orientation qui induit des défauts dans le cordon de soudure. Dans ce travail, deux méthodes de correction de déviations ont été développées. La première méthode est basée sur l’estimation des déviations en position et en orientation dans l’espace cartésien à partir des modèles du robot et de déformation élasto-statique des corps et transmissions. Les déviations estimées permettent de développer une approche de programmation de trajectoires adaptées au soudage FSW robotisé. Contrairement aux méthodes d’interpolation linéaire généralement envisagées, cette approche utilise des approximations de trajectoires par des courbes de Bézier ou B-splines. Les validations expérimentales pour des trajectoires complexes, avec un robot Kuka KR500-2MT, ont permis d’obtenir une déviation résiduelle moyenne de l’ordre de 0,3 mm et des cordons de soudure sans défauts. Cette précision de trajectoire atteinte pour le FSW permet de considérer une exploitation industrielle de la solution développée. La deuxième méthode de correction des déviations utilise un asservissement de position en temps réel avec un capteur de profil laser 2D dans la boucle de retour. Deux synthèses de lois de commande ont été explorées pour cet asservissement. Malgré les perturbations externes liées aux contraintes du procédé, les résultats expérimentaux sur des trajectoires de soudage rectilignes et curvilignes montrent une bonne stabilité de l’asservissement et conduisent à une déviation résiduelle moyenne de l’ordre de 0,1 mm. Les intérêts et les difficultés de la mise en œuvre de cette deuxième méthode ont également été mis en exergue. / Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a recent process used for welding metallic parts in aerospace, automotive, and railway industries. Serial industrial robots may be used as FSW welding machines, but because of their lack of stiffness, they undergo elastic deformation under the effect of stresses produced by the process. This causes a welding tool path deviation both in position and orientation, which induces defects in the weld seam. In this work, two path correction methods were developed. The first method is based on the prediction of the position and orientation deviations in the cartesian space from robot models and stiffness model of the links and the joints. The knowledge of tool deviations enabled the synthesis of a path programming approach adapted for robotic FSW. Unlike linear interpolation methods often used, this approach is based on approximations of the adapted path by Bézier or B-splines curves. Experimental validations on a Kuka KR500-2MT robot welding complex paths showed an average residual deviation of 0.3 mm and weld seams without defects. The path accuracy achieved makes it possible to consider an industrial exploitation of the developed solution. The second proposed correction method uses position feedback with a 2D laser profile sensor in the feedback loop for real-time measurement of deviations. Two controllers were designed to correct the deviations. In spite of the external disturbances related to the constraints of the process, experimental results obtained on straight and curvilinear welding paths showed the stability of the feedback loop and a mean residual deviation of 0.1 mm was achieved. The interests and difficulties of deploying this second method were also highlighted.

The Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process has been under constant developmentsince its invention, more than 20 years ago. Whereas most industrial applicationsuse a gantry machine to weld linear joints, there are applications which consistof complex three-dimensional joints, requiring more degrees of freedom fromthe machines. The use of industrial robots allows FSW of materials alongcomplex joint lines. There is however one major drawback when using robotsfor FSW: the robot compliance. This results in vibrations and insufficient pathaccuracy. For FSW, path accuracy is important as it can cause the welding toolto miss the joint line and thereby cause welding defects.The first part of this research is focused on understanding how welding forcesaffect the FSW robot accuracy. This was first studied by measuring pathdeviation post-welded and later by using a computer vision system and laserdistance sensor to measure deviations online. Based on that knowledge, a robotdeflection model has been developed. The model is able to estimate thedeviation of the tool from the programmed path during welding, based on thelocation and measured tool forces. This model can be used for online pathcompensation, improving path accuracy and reducing welding defects.A second challenge related to robotic FSW on complex geometries is thevariable heat dissipation in the workpiece, causing great variations in the weldingtemperature. Especially for force-controlled robots, this can lead to severewelding defects, fixture- and machine damage when the material overheats.First, a new temperature method was developed which measures thetemperature at the interface of the tool and the workpiece, based on the thermoelectriceffect. The temperature information is used as input to a closed-looptemperature controller. This modifies primarily the rotational speed of the tooland secondarily the axial force. The controller is able to maintain a stablewelding temperature and thereby improve the weld quality and allow joining ofgeometries which were impossible to weld without temperature control.Implementation of the deflection model and temperature controller are twoimportant additions to a FSW system, improving the process robustness,reducing the risk of welding defects and allowing FSW of parts with highlyvarying heat dissipation.

Este trabalho apresenta um modelo inovador de coletor solar plano, com placa absorvedora fabricada por Estampagem Incremental e Soldagem FSW (Friction Stir Welding). Esta placa absorvedora é constituída de duas chapas de alumínio AA1200-H14 com espessura de 1 mm, estampadas e soldadas em simetria, a fim de que na união das chapas sejam deixados canais para passagem de água. Neste estudo foi realizada a caracterização do material por Ensaio de Tração e Ensaio Nakajima. Para determinação dos parâmetros de Estampagem Incremental foram realizados 16 experimentos com ferramenta de diâmetro df = 9,5 mm, variando a rotação de N = 50 rpm a 800 rpm e o incremento vertical de Δz = 2 mm a 0,2 mm, mantendo o avanço em = 250 mm/min. E também foram realizados 3 experimentos com ferramenta df = 22 mm, variando o incremento vertical de Δz = 2 mm a 0,5 mm, mantendo a rotação em N = 50 rpm e o avanço em = 250 mm/min. Para determinação dos parâmetros de Soldagem FSW foram realizados 4 experimentos com ferramenta de ombro de diâmetro 8 mm e pino roscado M3x0,5, mantendo a rotação em N = 1500 rpm e variando o avanço entre = 100 mm/min a 400 mm/min. Em seguida foi fabricado um protótipo de placa absorvedora de coletor solar com área de 0,12 m². Nos experimentos realizados foi constatado que é possível obter maiores deformações na Estampagem Incremental do que na Estampagem Convencional e que as deformações são mais elevadas quando se utiliza menores diâmetros, maiores rotações e menores incrementos verticais da ferramenta. Na Soldagem FSW não foi constatada influência na qualidade do cordão de solda em relação à variação do avanço da ferramenta. Neste estudo também se verificou que é possível fabricar protótipos de placas absorvedoras de coletores solares pelos processos de Estampagem Incremental e Soldagem FSW. No entanto, para coletores em tamanho comercial, novos estudos são necessários para melhorar a forma de fixação das chapas durante a Soldagem FSW. / This work presents an innovative model of flat plate solar collector, with absorber plate manufactured using Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) and Friction Stir Welding (FSW). This absorber plate consists of two AA1200-H14 aluminum sheets with a thickness of 1 mm, stamped and welded in symmetry, in order to leave channels for the passage of water. In this study the characterization of the material by Nakajima Test and Traction Test was performed. In order to determine the parameters of ISF, 16 experiments were performed with a tool of diameter df = 9.5 mm, varying the rotation speed of N = 50 rpm at 800 rpm and the step down of Δz = 2 mm to 0.2 mm, maintaining the feed rate at = 250 mm/min. Also, 3 experiments with tool df = 22 mm were performed, varying the step down of Δz = 2 mm to 0.5 mm, maintaining the rotation speed at N = 50 rpm and the feed rate at = 250 mm/min. For determination of FSW parameters, 4 experiments with 8 mm diameter shoulder tool and M3x0.5 pin were performed, maintaining the rotation speed at N = 1500 rpm and varying the feed rate from = 100 mm/min to 400 mm/min. A prototype solar collector absorber plate with a 0.12 m² area was then manufactured. In the experiments carried out, it was found that it is possible to obtain greater deformations in the ISF than in the Conventional Stamping and that the deformations are higher when using smaller diameters, higher rotations and smaller step downs of the tool. In FSW, no influence was observed in the quality of the weld bead in relation to the variation of the tool feed rate. In this study it was also verified that it is possible to manufacture prototypes of solar collector absorber plates by the processes of ISF and FSW. However, for commercial size collectors, further studies are needed to improve the way the plates are fixed during FSW.