Motivated by the recent development of noise systems, we try to describe, for fixed persistence modules \(X\) and \(Y\), the set of all persistence modules that are extensions of \(X\) by \(Y\), as well as their sizes. We restrict ourselves to tame persistence modules indexed by nonnegative numbers, and our notion of size is \((p,C)\)-norms, which is a generalization of \(p\)-norms. We prove that when \(X\) is a single bar, there is a monotone bijection between a set of antichains in the barcode of \(Y\) and the mentioned set of all extensions. A corollary is that the antichain consisting of maximal elements corresponds to the extension with maximal norm. Without this assumption on \(X\), we can reuse the previous result to construct a surjection from a set of tuples of antichains to the set of all extensions. We also conjecture that, with regards to this surjection, the tuple consisting of maximal antichains is mapped to the extension with maximal norm. We also provide some experimental justification for this conjecture. / Med anledning av det nyligen utvecklade begreppet noise system, försöker vi, för givna \(X\) och \(Y\), beskriva mängden av alla persistensmoduler som är utvidgningar av \(X\) med \(Y\), liksom deras storlekar. Vi begränsar oss till fallet med tama persistensmoduler, och där vi med storlek avser \((p,C)\)-normen, vilket är en generalisering av \(p\)-normen. I fallet när \(X\) består av en enda bar, konstruerar vi en monoton bijektion mellan en mängd av antikedjor och den nämnda mängden av alla utvidgningar. Ett korollarium är att antikedjan som består av maximala element motsvarar utvidgningen med störst norm. Vi använder sedan den nämnda bijektionen för att i det generella fallet konstruera en surjektion från en mängd av tuplar av antikedjor till mängden av alla utvidgningar. Vi formulerar även ett experimentellt bestyrkt påstående, nämligen att tupeln bestående av maximala antikedjor avbildas på utvidgningen med störst norm, av den nämnda surjektionen.

We investigate various relationships between categories of functors. The major examples are given by extending some duality to a larger structure, such as an adjunction or a recollement of abelian categories. We prove a theorem which provides a method of constructing recollements which uses 0-th derived functors. We will show that the hypotheses of this theorem are very commonly satisfied by giving many examples. In our most important example we show that the well-known Auslander-Gruson-Jensen equivalence extends to a recollement. We show that two recollements, both arising from different characterisations of purity, are strongly related to each other via a commutative diagram. This provides a structural explanation for the equivalence between two functorial characterisations of purity for modules. We show that the Auslander-Reiten formulas are a consequence of this commutative diagram. We define and characterise the contravariant functors which arise from a pp-pair. When working over an artin algebra, this provides a contravariant analogue of the well-known relationship between pp-pairs and covariant functors. We show that some of these results can be generalised to studying contravariant functors on locally finitely presented categories whose category of finitely presented objects is a dualising variety.

Submitted by Leonardo Cavalcante (leo.ocavalcante@gmail.com) on 2018-05-03T14:34:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Arquivototal.pdf: 773251 bytes, checksum: a945323994dc94077e6e07ea3444ef1c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-03T14:34:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arquivototal.pdf: 773251 bytes, checksum: a945323994dc94077e6e07ea3444ef1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this work we study the I-adic completion functor, its properties and main results. Moreover, we study local homology modules as de ned by N. T. Cuong and T. T. Nam. The nal part of this work is reserved to the study of local homology of Artinian modules. In some aspects, local homology theory has a dual behaviour with respect to Grothendieck's local cohomology theory of sheaves. / Neste trabalho, estudamos o funtor completamento I-ádico. Sua de finição, propriedades e resultados importantes. Além disso, estudamos também os módulos de homologia local, segundo a de finição dada por Nguyen Tu Cuong e Tran Tuan Nam. Uma parte do trabalho é reservada ao estudo da homologia local de módulos Artinianos. Em alguns aspectos, a teoria de homologia local aqui apresentada é dual a teoria de cohomologia local de Grothendieck. Palavras-chave: Funtor completamento; Funtor derivado; Homologia local; Dual de Matlis; Mittag-Leffer; Dimensão Noetheriana.

We study ideals of pointfree function rings. In particular, we study the lattices of z-ideals and d-ideals of the ring RL of continuous real-valued functions on a completely regular frame L. We show that the lattice of z-ideals is a coherently normal Yosida frame; and the lattice of d-ideals is a coherently normal frame. The lattice of z-ideals is demonstrated to be atly projectable if and only if the ring RL is feebly Baer. On the other hand, the frame of d-ideals is projectable precisely when the frame is cozero-complemented. These ideals give rise to two functors as follows: Sending a frame to the lattice of these ideals is a functorial assignment. We construct a natural transformation between the functors that arise from these assignments. We show that, for a certain collection of frame maps, the functor associated with z-ideals preserves and re ects the property of having a left adjoint. A ring is called a UMP-ring if every maximal ideal in it is the union of the minimal prime ideals it contains. In the penultimate chapter we give several characterisations for the ring RL to be a UMP-ring. We observe, in passing, that if a UMP ring is a Q-algebra, then each of its ideals when viewed as a ring in its own right is a UMP-ring. An example is provided to show that the converse fails. Finally, piggybacking on results in classical rings of continuous functions, we show that, exactly as in C(X), nth roots exist in RL. This is a consequence of an earlier proposition that every reduced f-ring with bounded inversion is the ring of fractions of its bounded part relative to those elements in the bounded part which are units in the bigger ring. We close with a result showing that the frame of open sets of the structure space of RL is isomorphic to L. / Mathematical Sciences / Mathematics / D.Phil. (Mathematics)

This thesis studies derived equivalences between total spaces of vector bundles and dg-quivers. A dg-quiver is a graded quiver whose path algebra is a dg-algebra. A quiver with superpotential is a dg-quiver whose differential is determined by a "function" Φ. It is known that the bounded derived category of representations of quivers with superpotential with finite dimensional cohomology is a Calabi- Yau triangulated category. Hence quivers with superpotential can be viewed as noncommutative Calabi- Yau manifolds. One might then ask if there are derived equivalences between Calabi-Yau manifolds and quivers with superpotential. In this thesis, we answer this question and, generalizing Bridgeland [15], give a recipe on how to construct such derived equivalences.

Studujeme nespočetné struktury, které splňují exstension property vzhledem k nějaké Fraïssé třídě C. Takovým strukturám říkáme Fraïssé-like struktury. Tyto struktury nejsou většinou jednoznačně určeny. Je známo, že pokud existuje Katětov funktor pro C, pak existují Fraïssé-like struktury libovolné kardinality s bohatou grupou automorfismů. Ukážeme, že v případě třídy všech konečných grafů a všech konečných metrických prostorů existuje Fraïssé-like struktura, která má kardinalitu ℵ1 a její grupa automorfismů je triviální. Dále zodpovíme otázku z W. Kubi's, D. Mašulovi'c, Katětov functors, to appear in Applied Categorical Structures tak, že nalezneme Fraïssé třídu bez Katětova funktoru. 1

We study ideals of pointfree function rings. In particular, we study the lattices of z-ideals and d-ideals of the ring RL of continuous real-valued functions on a completely regular frame L. We show that the lattice of z-ideals is a coherently normal Yosida frame; and the lattice of d-ideals is a coherently normal frame. The lattice of z-ideals is demonstrated to be atly projectable if and only if the ring RL is feebly Baer. On the other hand, the frame of d-ideals is projectable precisely when the frame is cozero-complemented. These ideals give rise to two functors as follows: Sending a frame to the lattice of these ideals is a functorial assignment. We construct a natural transformation between the functors that arise from these assignments. We show that, for a certain collection of frame maps, the functor associated with z-ideals preserves and re ects the property of having a left adjoint. A ring is called a UMP-ring if every maximal ideal in it is the union of the minimal prime ideals it contains. In the penultimate chapter we give several characterisations for the ring RL to be a UMP-ring. We observe, in passing, that if a UMP ring is a Q-algebra, then each of its ideals when viewed as a ring in its own right is a UMP-ring. An example is provided to show that the converse fails. Finally, piggybacking on results in classical rings of continuous functions, we show that, exactly as in C(X), nth roots exist in RL. This is a consequence of an earlier proposition that every reduced f-ring with bounded inversion is the ring of fractions of its bounded part relative to those elements in the bounded part which are units in the bigger ring. We close with a result showing that the frame of open sets of the structure space of RL is isomorphic to L. / Mathematical Sciences / D.Phil. (Mathematics)

Masters of Science / The main purpose of this thesis is to study the interplay between relational structures and topology, and to portray pairings in terms of some finite poset models and order preserving maps. We show the interrelations between the categories of topological spaces, closure spaces and relational structures. We study the 4-point non-Hausdorff model S4 weakly homotopy equivalent to the circle s'. We study pairings of some objects in the category of relational structures, similar to the multiplication of Hopf spaces in topology. The multiplication S4 x S4 ---7 S4 fails to be order preserving for posets. Nevertheless, applying a single barycentric subdivision on S4 to get Ss, an 8-point model of the circle enables us to define an order preserving poset map Ss x Ss ---7 S4' Restricted to the axes, this map yields weak homotopy equivalences Ss ---7 S4' Hence it is a pairing. Further, using the non-Hausdorff join Ss ® Ss, we obtain a version of the Hopf map Ss ® Ss ---7 §S4. This model of the Hopf map is in fact a map of non-Hausdorff double mapping cylinders.

In his study of spectra of f-rings via pointfree topology, Banaschewski [6] considers lattices of l-ideals, radical l-ideals, and saturated l-ideals of a given f-ring A. In each case he shows that the lattice of each of these kinds of ideals is a coherent frame. This means that it is compact, generated by its compact elements, and the meet of any two compact elements is compact. This will form the basis of our main goal to show that the lattice-ordered rings studied in [6] are coherent frames. We conclude the dissertation by revisiting the d-elements of Mart nez and Zenk [30], and characterise them analogously to d-ideals in commutative rings. We extend these characterisa-tions to algebraic frames with FIP. Of necessity, this will require that we reappraise a great deal of Banaschewski's work on pointfree spectra, and that of Mart nez and Zenk on algebraic frames. / Mathematical Sciences / M. Sc. (Mathematics)

The objects studied in this thesis are families of cycles on schemes. A space — the Chow variety — parameterizing effective equidimensional cycles was constructed by Chow and van der Waerden in the first half of the twentieth century. Even though cycles are simple objects, the Chow variety is a rather intractable object. In particular, a good functorial description of this space is missing. Consequently, descriptions of the corresponding families and the infinitesimal structure are incomplete. Moreover, the Chow variety is not intrinsic but has the unpleasant property that it depends on a given projective embedding. A main objective of this thesis is to construct a closely related space which has a good functorial description. This is partly accomplished in the last paper. The first three papers are concerned with families of zero-cycles. In the first paper, a functor parameterizing zero-cycles is defined and it is shown that this functor is represented by a scheme — the scheme of divided powers. This scheme is closely related to the symmetric product. In fact, the scheme of divided powers and the symmetric product coincide in many situations. In the second paper, several aspects of the scheme of divided powers are discussed. In particular, a universal family is constructed. A different description of the families as multi-morphisms is also given. Finally, the set of k-points of the scheme of divided powers is described. Somewhat surprisingly, cycles with certain rational coefficients are included in this description in positive characteristic. The third paper explains the relation between the Hilbert scheme, the Chow scheme, the symmetric product and the scheme of divided powers. It is shown that the last three schemes coincide as topological spaces and that all four schemes are isomorphic outside the degeneracy locus. The last paper gives a definition of families of cycles of arbitrary dimension and a corresponding Chow functor. In characteristic zero, this functor agrees with the functors of Barlet, Guerra, Kollár and Suslin-Voevodsky when these are defined. There is also a monomorphism from Angéniol's functor to the Chow functor which is an isomorphism in many instances. It is also confirmed that the morphism from the Hilbert functor to the Chow functor is an isomorphism over the locus parameterizing normal subschemes and a local immersion over the locus parameterizing reduced subschemes — at least in characteristic zero. / QC 20100908