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Title: Finding the relationship between fundamental motor skills and special game skills of football players (9 - 10 years) Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to find out the correlation between fundamental motor skills and special game skills of football players in the category U10 and U11. Methods: The method of observation - measurement was used in this thesis. The researched group consisted of 26 players in the categories U10 and U11 (average age 10.4 ± 0.7 years) from the football club SK Střešovice 1911. The level of fundamental motor skills was assessed by using TGMD-2. Level of specific game skills in football was detected by following tests: slalom, pass in running and accuracy of shooting. Results: Significant relationship was found (r = 0.48, p < 0.05) between the level of basic motor skill and special game skills in football. The results proved, that the level of specific game skills was significantly influenced by manipulation skills (r = 0.53; p < 0.001) compared to locomotion skills (r = 0.40; p < 0.05). In motor level testing was found that 61 % (n = 16) of players have a below average level of funadamental motor skills. According to the results of this thesis there was not proven statistically significant relationship between the observed age categories U10 and U11 at the level...

Young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience significant delays in their fundamental motor skills (FMS) yet, FMS are virtually ignored in the intervention literature as traditional therapies focus on the core challenges in the social, communicative, and behavioural domains. This study sought to examine the effectiveness of a FMS intervention at improving the motor skills, adaptive behaviour, and social skills of 4 year old children with ASD. Motor Outcomes (Manuscript 1): Results demonstrated significant improvements in motor skills following the intervention; these improvements were retained at the 6-week follow-up. Adaptive Behaviour and Social Skill Outcomes (Manuscript 2): Results demonstrated individual gains in adaptive behaviour and social skills; although no significant group improvements were found. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that a FMS intervention can be effective at improving motor skills, and may result in individual behavioural improvements. These findings warrant further research with a larger sample.

O objetivo desta pesquisa, de delineamento quase-experimental, foi investigar os efeitos de um Programa de Intervenção Motora, em crianças obesas e não-obesas, nos parâmetros motores, nutricionais e psicossociais. A amostra desta pesquisa foi de 78 crianças (38 crianças do grupo interventivo e 40 crianças do grupo controle), com idades de 5 a 7 anos. Para as avaliações das crianças, foram utilizadas a avaliação antropométrica, tendo como referência os padrões do National Center for Health and Statistics; a avaliação motora no teste e em contexto de aprendizagem, por meio do Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) (ULRICH, 2000); a escala Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Acceptance for Young Children (HARTER; PIKE, 1980); e as categorias descritoras de respostas (RINK, 1996). O programa foi desenvolvido em 28 semanas, implementando os pressupostos da estrutura TARGET à aprendizagem das habilidades motoras básicas. General Linear Model com medidas repetidas no fator tempo foi conduzido para avaliar os efeitos do programa no estado nutricional, no desempenho motor, nos níveis de percepção de competência e nas categorias descritoras de respostas. Análise de variância com medidas repetidas no fator tempo, delta e significância do delta por meio de One Way ANOVA foram utilizadas para avaliar o impacto da intervenção. Os resultados quanto ao estado nutricional do grupo interventivo evidenciaram mudanças significativas no IMC (p = 0,000) da pré para a pós-intervenção. No grupo controle, mudanças significativas não foram encontradas (p = 0,383). No desempenho motor geral, houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos interventivo e controle (p =0,000). As crianças do grupo interventivo apresentaram um aumento de 22 pontos no quociente motor do teste, enquanto que as crianças do grupo controle tiveram um aumento médio de 3,22 pontos. Com relação ao desempenho motor em contexto de aprendizagem motora, mudanças significativas foram encontradas da pré para a pósintervenção, nas crianças obesas (p = 0,000) e não-obesas (p = 0,007). No somatório de percepção de competência, o grupo interventivo mudou significativamente da pré para a pós-intervenção (p = 0,000); ao passo que, no grupo controle, mudanças não foram encontradas do pré para a pós (p = 0,238). Quanto ao engajamento motor de forma apropriada com sucesso na ação motora, mudanças significativas foram encontradas da pré para a pós-intervenção nas crianças obesas (p = 0,000) e nãoobesas (p = 0,000). Conclui-se que a implementação de um Programa de Intervenção Motora, baseado em propostas metodológicas eficazes e condizentes com as necessidades reais das crianças obesas e nãoobesas, promove ganhos nos parâmetros motores, nutricionais e psicossociais que efetivam o engajamento das crianças nas mais variadas práticas motoras. / The purpose of the present study, with a quasi-experimental design, was to investigate the effects of the Motor Intervention Program, in obese and nonobese children, on motor, nutritional, and psychosocial parameters. The sample was composed of 78 children (38 in the intervention group and 40 in control group), aged 5-7 yr. The children were assessed using the anthropometrical assessment, based on the National Center for Health and Statistics patterns; the motor assessment in test and learning environment, conducting the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) (ULRICH, 2000); the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Acceptance for Young Children scale (HARTER; PIKE, 1980); and the descriptive response categories (RINK, 1996). The program was carried out in 28 weeks and implemented the TARGET structure assumptions to the learning of basic motor skills. General Linear Model with repeated measures on the time factor was conducted to assess the program effects on nutritional status, motor development, perceived competence levels, and descriptor response categories. Analysis of variance with repeated measures on the time factor, delta, and delta significance using One Way ANOVA were used to assess the intervention impact. The results regarding the intervention group’s nutritional status evidenced significant changes in BMI (p = 0.000) from pre- to post-intervention. In control group, no significant changes were found (p = 0.383). In general motor development, significant changes (p =0.000) between intervention and control groups were observed. Children in the intervention group showed a 22-point increase in the test motor quotient, whereas children in control group experienced an average increase of 3.22 points. Concerning motor development in motor learning environment, significant changes were found from preto post-intervention, in obese (p = 0.000) and nonobese children (p = 0.007). In the summation of perceived competence, the intervention group significantly changed from preto post-intervention (p = 0.000); whereas, in control group, no changes were found from preto post-intervention (p = 0,238). Concerning successful appropriate motor engagement in motor action, significant changes were found from pre- to post-intervention in obese (p = 0.000) and nonobese (p = 0.000) children. It was concluded that the implementation of a Motor Intervention Program based on effective methodological proposals that are suitable for obese and nonobese children’ real needs fosters motor, nutritional, and psychosocial gains that reinforce children engagement in the most varied motor activities.

O objetivo desta pesquisa, de delineamento quase-experimental, foi investigar os efeitos de um Programa de Intervenção Motora, em crianças obesas e não-obesas, nos parâmetros motores, nutricionais e psicossociais. A amostra desta pesquisa foi de 78 crianças (38 crianças do grupo interventivo e 40 crianças do grupo controle), com idades de 5 a 7 anos. Para as avaliações das crianças, foram utilizadas a avaliação antropométrica, tendo como referência os padrões do National Center for Health and Statistics; a avaliação motora no teste e em contexto de aprendizagem, por meio do Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) (ULRICH, 2000); a escala Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Acceptance for Young Children (HARTER; PIKE, 1980); e as categorias descritoras de respostas (RINK, 1996). O programa foi desenvolvido em 28 semanas, implementando os pressupostos da estrutura TARGET à aprendizagem das habilidades motoras básicas. General Linear Model com medidas repetidas no fator tempo foi conduzido para avaliar os efeitos do programa no estado nutricional, no desempenho motor, nos níveis de percepção de competência e nas categorias descritoras de respostas. Análise de variância com medidas repetidas no fator tempo, delta e significância do delta por meio de One Way ANOVA foram utilizadas para avaliar o impacto da intervenção. Os resultados quanto ao estado nutricional do grupo interventivo evidenciaram mudanças significativas no IMC (p = 0,000) da pré para a pós-intervenção. No grupo controle, mudanças significativas não foram encontradas (p = 0,383). No desempenho motor geral, houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos interventivo e controle (p =0,000). As crianças do grupo interventivo apresentaram um aumento de 22 pontos no quociente motor do teste, enquanto que as crianças do grupo controle tiveram um aumento médio de 3,22 pontos. Com relação ao desempenho motor em contexto de aprendizagem motora, mudanças significativas foram encontradas da pré para a pósintervenção, nas crianças obesas (p = 0,000) e não-obesas (p = 0,007). No somatório de percepção de competência, o grupo interventivo mudou significativamente da pré para a pós-intervenção (p = 0,000); ao passo que, no grupo controle, mudanças não foram encontradas do pré para a pós (p = 0,238). Quanto ao engajamento motor de forma apropriada com sucesso na ação motora, mudanças significativas foram encontradas da pré para a pós-intervenção nas crianças obesas (p = 0,000) e nãoobesas (p = 0,000). Conclui-se que a implementação de um Programa de Intervenção Motora, baseado em propostas metodológicas eficazes e condizentes com as necessidades reais das crianças obesas e nãoobesas, promove ganhos nos parâmetros motores, nutricionais e psicossociais que efetivam o engajamento das crianças nas mais variadas práticas motoras. / The purpose of the present study, with a quasi-experimental design, was to investigate the effects of the Motor Intervention Program, in obese and nonobese children, on motor, nutritional, and psychosocial parameters. The sample was composed of 78 children (38 in the intervention group and 40 in control group), aged 5-7 yr. The children were assessed using the anthropometrical assessment, based on the National Center for Health and Statistics patterns; the motor assessment in test and learning environment, conducting the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) (ULRICH, 2000); the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Acceptance for Young Children scale (HARTER; PIKE, 1980); and the descriptive response categories (RINK, 1996). The program was carried out in 28 weeks and implemented the TARGET structure assumptions to the learning of basic motor skills. General Linear Model with repeated measures on the time factor was conducted to assess the program effects on nutritional status, motor development, perceived competence levels, and descriptor response categories. Analysis of variance with repeated measures on the time factor, delta, and delta significance using One Way ANOVA were used to assess the intervention impact. The results regarding the intervention group’s nutritional status evidenced significant changes in BMI (p = 0.000) from pre- to post-intervention. In control group, no significant changes were found (p = 0.383). In general motor development, significant changes (p =0.000) between intervention and control groups were observed. Children in the intervention group showed a 22-point increase in the test motor quotient, whereas children in control group experienced an average increase of 3.22 points. Concerning motor development in motor learning environment, significant changes were found from preto post-intervention, in obese (p = 0.000) and nonobese children (p = 0.007). In the summation of perceived competence, the intervention group significantly changed from preto post-intervention (p = 0.000); whereas, in control group, no changes were found from preto post-intervention (p = 0,238). Concerning successful appropriate motor engagement in motor action, significant changes were found from pre- to post-intervention in obese (p = 0.000) and nonobese (p = 0.000) children. It was concluded that the implementation of a Motor Intervention Program based on effective methodological proposals that are suitable for obese and nonobese children’ real needs fosters motor, nutritional, and psychosocial gains that reinforce children engagement in the most varied motor activities.

O objetivo desta pesquisa, de delineamento quase-experimental, foi investigar os efeitos de um Programa de Intervenção Motora, em crianças obesas e não-obesas, nos parâmetros motores, nutricionais e psicossociais. A amostra desta pesquisa foi de 78 crianças (38 crianças do grupo interventivo e 40 crianças do grupo controle), com idades de 5 a 7 anos. Para as avaliações das crianças, foram utilizadas a avaliação antropométrica, tendo como referência os padrões do National Center for Health and Statistics; a avaliação motora no teste e em contexto de aprendizagem, por meio do Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) (ULRICH, 2000); a escala Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Acceptance for Young Children (HARTER; PIKE, 1980); e as categorias descritoras de respostas (RINK, 1996). O programa foi desenvolvido em 28 semanas, implementando os pressupostos da estrutura TARGET à aprendizagem das habilidades motoras básicas. General Linear Model com medidas repetidas no fator tempo foi conduzido para avaliar os efeitos do programa no estado nutricional, no desempenho motor, nos níveis de percepção de competência e nas categorias descritoras de respostas. Análise de variância com medidas repetidas no fator tempo, delta e significância do delta por meio de One Way ANOVA foram utilizadas para avaliar o impacto da intervenção. Os resultados quanto ao estado nutricional do grupo interventivo evidenciaram mudanças significativas no IMC (p = 0,000) da pré para a pós-intervenção. No grupo controle, mudanças significativas não foram encontradas (p = 0,383). No desempenho motor geral, houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos interventivo e controle (p =0,000). As crianças do grupo interventivo apresentaram um aumento de 22 pontos no quociente motor do teste, enquanto que as crianças do grupo controle tiveram um aumento médio de 3,22 pontos. Com relação ao desempenho motor em contexto de aprendizagem motora, mudanças significativas foram encontradas da pré para a pósintervenção, nas crianças obesas (p = 0,000) e não-obesas (p = 0,007). No somatório de percepção de competência, o grupo interventivo mudou significativamente da pré para a pós-intervenção (p = 0,000); ao passo que, no grupo controle, mudanças não foram encontradas do pré para a pós (p = 0,238). Quanto ao engajamento motor de forma apropriada com sucesso na ação motora, mudanças significativas foram encontradas da pré para a pós-intervenção nas crianças obesas (p = 0,000) e nãoobesas (p = 0,000). Conclui-se que a implementação de um Programa de Intervenção Motora, baseado em propostas metodológicas eficazes e condizentes com as necessidades reais das crianças obesas e nãoobesas, promove ganhos nos parâmetros motores, nutricionais e psicossociais que efetivam o engajamento das crianças nas mais variadas práticas motoras. / The purpose of the present study, with a quasi-experimental design, was to investigate the effects of the Motor Intervention Program, in obese and nonobese children, on motor, nutritional, and psychosocial parameters. The sample was composed of 78 children (38 in the intervention group and 40 in control group), aged 5-7 yr. The children were assessed using the anthropometrical assessment, based on the National Center for Health and Statistics patterns; the motor assessment in test and learning environment, conducting the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) (ULRICH, 2000); the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Acceptance for Young Children scale (HARTER; PIKE, 1980); and the descriptive response categories (RINK, 1996). The program was carried out in 28 weeks and implemented the TARGET structure assumptions to the learning of basic motor skills. General Linear Model with repeated measures on the time factor was conducted to assess the program effects on nutritional status, motor development, perceived competence levels, and descriptor response categories. Analysis of variance with repeated measures on the time factor, delta, and delta significance using One Way ANOVA were used to assess the intervention impact. The results regarding the intervention group’s nutritional status evidenced significant changes in BMI (p = 0.000) from pre- to post-intervention. In control group, no significant changes were found (p = 0.383). In general motor development, significant changes (p =0.000) between intervention and control groups were observed. Children in the intervention group showed a 22-point increase in the test motor quotient, whereas children in control group experienced an average increase of 3.22 points. Concerning motor development in motor learning environment, significant changes were found from preto post-intervention, in obese (p = 0.000) and nonobese children (p = 0.007). In the summation of perceived competence, the intervention group significantly changed from preto post-intervention (p = 0.000); whereas, in control group, no changes were found from preto post-intervention (p = 0,238). Concerning successful appropriate motor engagement in motor action, significant changes were found from pre- to post-intervention in obese (p = 0.000) and nonobese (p = 0.000) children. It was concluded that the implementation of a Motor Intervention Program based on effective methodological proposals that are suitable for obese and nonobese children’ real needs fosters motor, nutritional, and psychosocial gains that reinforce children engagement in the most varied motor activities.

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Title: Assessment of the relationship between level of neuromotor, body somatotype, physical fitness level and game skills at football players in U12 category. Objectives: The aim is to determinate the relationships between levels of neuromotoric, body somatotype, overal physical fitness level and the individual playing skills at football players in the U12 age category. Methods: The main research method of our work was the observation method. The research were included soccer player (n = 40; 11,5 ± 0,3 let). Neuromotor age, we investigated using Bruininks Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT - 2). Physical fitness was assessed using a test battery UNIFITTEST 6-60. To determine the somatotype we used the methodology of Heath - Carter 1967. For data analysis we used basic descriptive statistics, correlation, linear and multiple regression. Results: A significant correlation (r = -0.60; p <0.001) was found between the level of fundamental motor skills (level of neuromotoric) and the specific game skills (slalom with the ball). Significant correlations were also found between the level of fundamental motor skills (level of neuromotoric) and physical fitness (r = 0.64; p <0.001) and between levels of physical fitness and the specific game skills (slalom with the ball; r = 0.55; p <0.01). These...