Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:58:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo3306_1.pdf: 1929205 bytes, checksum: 4bc1264cd60b8a95aeea33d15d66ee42 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Faculdade de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco / Intercomunicação na próxima geração de redes de comunicação (NGN) é baseada nos conceitos de sistemas autônomos. As idéias de Computação Ubíqua estão próximas da realidade à medida que as tecnologias de redes e telecomunicações estão rapidamente convergindo para a automação. Podemos observar que o crescimento de comunicações sem fio resultou em uma rápida evolução desses sistemas, de redes infra-estruturadas a redes ad-hoc. Tecnologias de computação Pervasiva vêm para apoiar esse conceito, com o principal objetivo de permitir que usuários se conectem as redes sem necessitar de configuração manual e operar de forma transparente e suave . Tecnologias para a automação de sistemas devem abranger todas as camadas da arquitetura de redes e operar de modo cooperativo entre elas. Tecnologias de auto-configuracao vão desde a configuração básica e composição da rede até o nível de aplicações. Podemos considerar que endereçamento é um dos processos fundamentais ao configurar e iniciar uma rede. Endereçamento adequado provê os nós com identificação válida, que será utilizada, por exemplo, para roteamento e operações de segurança. Sendo que esta é uma área relativamente nova, grupos de pesquisa da indústria e academia têm desenvolvido orientações (guidelines) para endereçamento em redes autônomas. Algumas soluções já foram propostas. Mas, devido suas peculiaridades, elas têm aplicabilidade bastante limitada. Essa dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar um protocolo de endereçamento em sistemas de redes autônomas. Esse protocolo é parte de um projeto maior no contexto de redes auto-configuráveis e auto-gerenciáveis, que é liderado pela Ericsson Research Labs. Experimentos também foram conduzidos com o protocolo proposto para avaliar seu desempenho e, através de comparações com outras soluções de endereçamento, validar suas funcionalidades básicas

O crescente volume de transações e a diversidade no mercado de derivativos leva a busca de modelos mais sofisticados para a estimação do preço e o cálculo do risco nesse mercado. Associada a essa premissa em alguns momentos de grande liquidez mundial, círculos virtuosos de melhoria na economia mundial e queda dos prêmios de risco individuais dos títulos emitidos pelos países tidos como desenvolvidos (EUA, alguns países da comunidade européia e outros), os grandes investidores mundiais podem procurar alternativas em ativos financeiros de países em desenvolvimento que oferecem um retorno maior. A partir desses argumentos e do fato do aumento do volume de captação e da grande valorização de títulos da divida externa brasileira em 2003, foi escolhido modelar os contratos futuros de títulos da divida externa brasileira negociados na Bolsa de Mercadorias Futuro. O contrato futuro de títulos da divida externa brasileira é um derivativo do ativo objeto C-Bond ou Global40 ou EI Bond que envolve duas moedas distintas (o Real e o Dólar Norte Americano) no qual o retorno é obtido em termo de valores das variáveis medidas na moeda Dólar Norte Americano já que o título é cotado nessa moeda, porém o ajuste de mercado é denominado na moeda Real. Analogicamente no Estados Unidos da América existe um derivativo semelhante: o contrato futuro de NIKKEI225 negociados na bolsa de Chicago Mercantile Exchange para investidores norte-americanos. Esse contrato de NIKKEI225 é classificado por diversos autores em uma das categorias de Quanto Derivativo por ser um derivativo que envolve duas moedas distintas no qual o retorno é obtido em termo de valores das variáveis medidas na primeira moeda, sendo realizado na segunda moeda. Sendo assim, esta dissertação atribui qual categoria de Quanto Derivativo os contratos futuros de títulos da divida externa brasileira, estima o preço de mercado e calcula o risco de mercado do contrato futuro de C-Bond associando a estrutura de Quanto Derivativo. Embora em termos de atribuição da categoria esse contrato de C-Bond seja da categoria I de WEI (1997) devido ao fato da cotação da moeda (PTAX800) variar o longo dos dias até o vencimento, foi levantado uma possibilidade de ser atribuída a categoria II de WEI (1997) advindo de uma particularidade na cotação do mercado cambial brasileiro. Essa particularidade advinda do câmbio intermediário e da transação PTAX800, que é uma média ponderada do volume negociado no dia, é gerada devido à concentração dos negócios serem 12:00 a 13:00. Portanto com a informação do câmbio intermediário divulgado pelo Banco Central do Brasil é possível determinar antes do final do final com boa precisão o valor da transação PTAX800 e sendo assim abrir a possibilidade da classificação do contrato de C-Bond em categoria II por possuir a cotação da moeda fixa para esse dia. A modelagem de estimação de preço foi realizada para as duas categorias e obteve resultados pouco significativos que possa definir qual categoria seja a mais adequada. Já na modelagem de risco de mercado foi considerado o contrato de C-Bond como um Quanto Derivativo da categoria II e os resultados foram satisfatórios com a aprovação do Valor em Risco calculado baseado em KUPIEC (1995). / The increasing volume of transactions and the diversity in the market of derivatives more take the search of models sophisticated for the esteem of the price and the calculation of the risk in this market. Associated to this premise at some moments of great world-wide liquidity, virtuous circles of improvement in the world-wide economy and fall of the individual prices of risk of the headings emitted for the had countries as developed (U.S.A., some countries of the Europe Community and others), the great world-wide investors can look alternatives in financial assets of developing countries that offer a bigger return. To leave of these arguments and the fact of the increase of the volume of captation and the great valuation of headings of he divides external Brazilian in 2003, was chosen shape future contracts of negotiated headings of divides external Brazilian in the Bolsa de Mercadoria Futuro. The future contract of headings of divides external Brazilian is a derivative of the C-Bond or Global40 or EI Bond that involves two distinct currencies (the Real and the Dollar American North) in which the return is gotten in term of values of the variable measured in the currency Dollar American North since the heading is quoted in this currency, however the market adjustment is called in the Real currency. Similarity in the United States of America exists a similar derivative: the future contract of NIKKEI225 negotiated in the future market of Chicago Mercantile Exchange for North American investors. This contract of NIKKEI225 is classified by diverse authors in one of the categories of Quanto Derivative for being a derivative that involves two distinct currencies in which the return is gotten in term of values of the variable measured in the first currency, being carried through in the second currency. Being thus, this dissertation attributes which category of Quanto Derivative future contracts of headings of it divides external Brazilian, it esteem the market price and it calculates the risk of market of the future contract of C-Bond associating the structure of Quanto Derivative. Although in terms of attribution of the category this contract of C-Bond is of category I of WEI (1997) which had to the fact of the quotation of the currency (PTAX800) to vary the long one of the days until the expiration, a possibility of being attributed category II of WEI (1997) happened of a particularity in the quotation of the Brazilian cambial market was raised. This happened particularity of the intermediate exchange and transaction PTAX800, that is a weighed mean of the volume negotiated in the day, is generated due to concentration of the businesses to be 12:00 to 13:00. Therefore with the information of the intermediate exchange divulged by the Brazilian Central Bank it is possible to determine before the end of the end with good precision the value of transaction PTAX800 and being thus to open the possibility of the classification of the contract of C-Bond in category II for possessing the quotation of the fixed currency for this day. The modeling of price esteem was carried through for the two categories and got little resulted significant that can define which category are adjusted. Already in the modeling of market risk the contract of C-Bond was considered as one Quanto Derivative of category II and the results they had been satisfactory with the approval of the Value in Risk calculated based in KUPIEC (1995).

This study explores what motivates engineers in their early-mid career to change careers. It first establishes the definition of a career change from the perspective of those who have changed careers, and then examines what drives, influences and facilitates a career change, as well as how a career change is enacted physically and emotionally. This has been looked at through the contemporary lens of the ‘intelligent career framework’. This research adopted a qualitative, abductive approach following an initial inductive small-scale exploratory study. The fieldwork consisted of a pilot and main study using semi-structured interviews. For the main study, 22 interviews were conducted within one organisation in order to elicit the subjective experiences of engineers who had undertaken a career change. The findings show how the driving factors relate predominantly to knowing-why and knowing-where. The influencing and facilitating factors vary by individual, and relate to knowing-what, knowing-how knowing-when and knowing-whom. Six clusters of interacting factors were observed with knowing-why, knowing-how and knowing-when at the core. Whilst the process of career change was complex and long, differing pathways through which individuals changed careers were evident, as well as emotions that needed to be managed. This study contributes to knowledge in the area of contemporary career theory by exploring career change through a new lens: the intelligent career framework. It demonstrates how individuals use their ‘career capital’ to effect a career change and the ways in which the six knowings interact to bring about a career change. It extends the understanding of the process of career change and discovers some of the organisational factors that influence or facilitate individuals making a career change. All of these contributions address identifiable gaps in the literature.

No description available.

Master of Arts / Department of English / Katherine Karlin / By the year 2037, climate change has destabilized the world’s ecology, politics, and culture. Hawaii has seceded from the United States, instituting the Cultural Reaffirmation, which champions a sustainable, traditional way of life. Eenie is an astronomer on the Big Island of Hawaii. In order to keep the observatory on Mauna Kea operational, she must appease the newly independent island nation by reenacting a mythical sled race between Poliahu, the Hawaiian snow goddess of Maunakea, and Pele, the fierce goddess of lava, personified by a rival geoscientist from Maunaloa’s volcanic laboratory. Once an Olympic contender in the women’s luge, Eenie has won this race twice before. This year, though, the greenhouse effect has caught up with her; there is no snow on Maunakea. Without it, she cannot prevail, and if she doesn’t, the priests of Hawaii’s Cultural Reaffirmation will pull the telescopes down from their most sacred mountain. Eenie struggles against nature’s increasing wrath, gods, monsters, pigs, and political rivals, though her biggest struggle is within herself. Fire and water must live together takes place in an ecodystopic future, though its story pulls from Hawaiian myth. The story’s projection into the future is based on current events, including the Hawaiian sovereignty movement, climate change science, and technology. An accompanying essay frames the novella through three critical lenses: ecocriticism, eco-politics, and post-colonial hybridity. The essay includes a focused look at the setting of Hawaii as it stands today in terms of environment, politics, and people.

As humans we have a remarkable capacity to sacrifice for the future, and an equally remarkable capacity to shortchange it, leaving our future selves to pay the price. The research in this dissertation suggests that sacrifice for the future (patience) may be governed by the same rules that govern sacrifice for others (altruism). Studies found that (1) patience was positively correlated with altruism, and (2) patience was positively correlated with empathic accuracy, a measure that predicted altruism. A third set of studies found that (3) a pervasive influence on altruism--group membership--also influenced patience. Participants who expected to switch groups in the future felt less connected to their future selves and left more than twice as much unpleasant work to the future. This research provides converging support for the hypothesis that common factors promote altruism and patience, suggesting that we may be able to draw on the decades of research studying kindness toward others to promote a little more kindness toward our future selves. / Psychology

The aim of this dissertation was to explore whether preschoolers understand that preferences differ over time and between people. The first goal was to determine if 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds could appreciate that their future or “grown-up” preferences may differ from their current ones (self-future condition). This understanding was compared to children’s understanding of the preferences of a grown-up (adult-now condition), or the grown-up preferences of a same-aged peer (peer-future condition). Results from 3 experiments (N = 240) suggest that these types of reasoning develop substantially over the preschool years, and that children are generally proficient by 5 years of age. Results also indicate that thinking about one’s own future preferences is more difficult than thinking about the (future) preferences of others. The second goal of this dissertation was to explore the relations between reasoning about preferences and theory of mind (ToM) and executive function (EF) abilities. Correlational analyses revealed that children’s reasoning about their future preferences and those of others was associated with EF skills, but not with ToM. These findings provide a timely contribution to the expanding research on children’s future-oriented cognition. Implications for theories about perspective-taking abilities, more broadly, and future research are also discussed.

This thesis investigated possible effects of explicit and implicit focus on form (FonF) instruction on the acquisition of Spanish future of probability (SFP) by Anglophone and Francophone students at a Canadian bilingual university. We also analyzed a possible L1 transfer from French to L2 Spanish in the acquisition of SFP, due to the typological similarity of this linguistic feature in the two languages. Twenty seven B1/B2 Spanish level students including L1 English and L1 French learners of L2 Spanish were divided into three groups according to the instruction type: explicit focus on form instruction group, implicit focus on form instruction group and control group, which received no additional instruction. All the participants were tested before the lesson (pretest), immediately after (posttest) and four weeks later (delayed posttest). The battery of tests included Untimed Grammaticality Judgment (UGJT), Written Production (WPT) and Oral Production (OPT) tasks. They aimed to test our four hypotheses which focused on both short-term and long-term effects of the two types of instruction on grammaticality judgment, written and oral production of SFP, respectively. The results demonstrated a positive effect of explicit and implicit FonF instruction on grammaticality judgment, oral and written production of SFP compared to the control group. In particular, both instructional groups distinguished grammatical and ungrammatical uses of SFP with state and activity verbs immediately after the treatment. After four weeks, both groups retained the acquired knowledge equally well. In the implicit FonF group we found an advantage of the L1 French over the L1 English students, possibly due to the similarity of the future tense morphology in Spanish and French, as well as the fact that French uses future morphology for present time probability, although in very limited contexts (a subset of state verbs). The results of the WPT suggest an advantage of the explicit FonF group in both immediate and long-term results and showed no difference between the L1s in either of the instructional groups. We also noticed an overgeneralization of the use of SFP with telic verbs in both instructional groups after the treatment, which is considered ungrammatical. Therefore, our participants did not distinguish the written use of telic and atelic verbs in epistemic conditions after the two types of treatment provided. The OPT results demonstrated that similarly to the previous two tasks both experimental groups performed better than the Control group. However, there was no significant difference between the two instructional groups. L1 had no significant effect on the oral production of SFP either. Similarly to the WPT, we found an overgeneralization of the use of SFP in telic verb conditions. Overall, Anglophone and Francophone students appear to have similar opportunities for successful acquisition of SFP and both explicit and implicit FonF instruction, activities and feedback may lead to positive results in the acquisition of SFP. To conclude this thesis, we discuss some challenges of this study and possible directions of future research.

The capacity to mentally project the self into the future or, what has recently been termed “episodic foresight” is an emerging topic of study in developmental psychology. The aim of this dissertation was to review available research on this topic and explore its development in two groups of children: typically-developing preschoolers and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This dissertation had two main goals. The first goal was to explore whether tasks thought to measure episodic foresight in children are related and whether, as has been hypothesized, they were related to theory of mind (ToM) and executive function (EF). Study 1 showed that after controlling for age and language ability, episodic foresight tasks were not intercorrelated, nor were they individually related to ToM or EF tasks. Importantly, however, an episodic foresight composite score was related to several EF tasks. Specifically, the results suggested a significant relation between episodic foresight and inhibitory control. The second goal of this dissertation was to explore the development of episodic foresight in children with ASD. Specifically, I tested whether children with ASD would perform more poorly on a series of episodic foresight tasks than a mental-age matched group of typically-developing children. Study 2 revealed significant group differences on several episodic foresight tasks, suggesting that children with ASD showed impairments in thinking about themselves in the future. These results are a timely contribution to the research on episodic foresight and will hopefully aid in the further development of tasks that adequately measure this important cognitive ability in children.

This final thesis deals with the analysis of the most important aspects which, through the technical side, influence the economic side. The thesis also shows the mistakes of manufacturers which have caused their prototypes to not succeed in civil or army aviation. The main goal is to connect the technical side of aviation with the economical because their very narrow connection influcences the future of aviation which is becoming more and more part of our lives. The thesis structure is: First theoretical part of the thesis deals with aviation terms because the knowledge of these terms connects to the second part. In the next part there is theoretical knowledge applied into practice. Used methods of comparativeness and analysis brought new results which has helped to fulfill the goal of this thesis.