Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping is used as an effective tool to grasp complex systems. Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping, which is based on quantification of qualitative data, can be considered as a hybrid mix of quantitative and qualitative methods, and its roots can be traced back to graph theory. The basic purpose of this study is to discuss Fuzzy Cognitive Maps in methodological terms and develop suggestions for using maps drawn within two different frameworks. By this, Fuzzy Cognitive Maps applied in similar fields will be evaluated at one level. For this purpose, the thesis will utilize the data derived from maps drawn by NGO directors in Turkey. In the case study, cognitive maps are drawn around two concepts: the reputation of civil society in Turkey and its influence power. Due to their qualitative character, Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping is a research tool suitable for making comparative analysis. Divided into city and activity categories, the database of case study used in this thesis provided comparable data. Categorical differences are evaluated through drawing cognitive maps out of database.

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Yes / This article explores the relationship between sustainability strategies and future energy needs, supply chains need to reduce their CO2 emissions through developing their green credentials and improving performance. Knowledge management (KM) is an enabler to support collaboration efforts. The SCM and KM areas have largely focused on improving organisational performance. While the latter has yielded successful outcomes in different sectors, there is still a scarcity of research on identifying influential factors highlighting those aspects which may enable green supply chain collaboration (GrSCC), thus leading to sustainable energy futures and carbon-efficient production. This paper examines the role of KM in facilitating GrSCC. Through the identification of key factors extrapolated from the literature, a model for implementing GrSCC using a futures-based perspective is proposed. This paper inductively demonstrates the relationship between identified GrSCC factors through fuzzy cognitive mapping technique. Findings support a futures-based perspective that enhances understanding and refines forward-looking strategies for GrSCC.

Yes / This paper seeks to explore the behavior and embodied energy involved in the decision-making of information technology/information systems (IT/IS) investments using a case within a small- to medium-sized manufacturing firm. By analyzing decision making within a given case context, this paper describes the nature of the investment through the lens of behavioral economics, causality, input-output (IO) equilibrium, and the general notion of depletion of executive energy function. To explore the interplay between these elements, the authors structure the case context via a morphological field in order to construct a fuzzy cognitive map of decision-making relationships relating to the multidimensional and nonquantifiable problems of IT/IS investment evaluation. Noting the significance of inputs and outputs relating to the investment decision within the case, the authors assess these cognitive interrelationships through the lens of the Leontief IO energy equilibrium model. Subsequently, the authors suggest, through an embodied energy audit, that all such management decisions are susceptible to decision fatigue (so-called “ego depletion”). The findings of this paper highlight pertinent cognitive and IO paths of the investment decision-making process that will allow others making similar types of investments to learn from and draw parallels from such processes.

Les politiques de développement durable ont fait émerger de nombreux outils qui visent à concilier les enjeux de développement économique et ceux de préservation des intérêts sociaux et environnementaux. Parmi eux, la compensation territoriale se matérialise par l’attribution, à un territoire subissant les impacts négatifs d’un aménagement déclaré d’utilité publique, d’un ensemble de mesures visant à maintenir à niveau acceptable le bien-être des individus et l’état écologique du milieu. Elle permet ainsi de rétablir un équilibre entre la dimension globale du projet, qui ne considère que ses effets positifs, et la dimension locale, dans laquelle les externalités positives et négatives du projet rentrent en jeu. Initié par un questionnement sur la mise en oeuvre d’un tel outil de politique publique au sein de territoires spécifiques, l’objectif principal de ce travail est de caractériser la demande de compensation par les acteurs du territoire au regard des impacts perçus dans un contexte de projet d’aménagement. Ce travail explore les perceptions des acteurs du territoire de la baie de Saint-Brieuc directement concernés par un projet de parc éolien en mer vis-à-vis de ce principe de compensation. Pour ce faire, des approches qualitatives et quantitatives ont été utilisées de manière complémentaire et font appel à des outils spécifiques tels que la cartographie cognitive floue et la méthode des choix expérimentaux. Cette démarche nous a permis de produire de nombreux éléments de compréhension quant à la manière dont ces acteurs perçoivent les impacts d’un tel projet d’aménagement, acceptent ou non le principe de compensation comme outil de réponse aux impacts négatifs du projet et envisagent la mise en oeuvre de la compensation à travers leurs préférences vis-à-vis de différentes types d’actions – indemnisations financières, investissements dans des biens communs, restauration écologique. Les résultats de ce travail montrent que les perceptions, très hétérogènes au sein des acteurs du territoire, s’expliquent en grande partie à travers le concept de Communautés de Pratiques. Finalement, lorsque le principe de compensation est accepté par les acteurs du territoire, la logique d’équivalence qui conditionne la demande de compensation peut s’expliquer de trois manières différentes : une équivalence territoriale dans laquelle les bénéfices issus de la compensation doivent profiter à l’ensemble de la population du territoire impacté ; une équivalence écologique dans laquelle le niveau de fonctions écologiques et de services écosystémiques est maintenu constant, une équivalence basée sur des valeurs économiques pour pallier le manque à gagner de certaines activités professionnelles. / In the context of a territory suffering from the negative impacts of an infrastructure declared of public utility, territorial compensation consists of a set of measure that aims to help maintaining the level of well-being of each and every individual as well as a desirable ecological state. This way, territorial compensation allows to balance between the global scale of the project, in which only the positive impacts are taken into account, and the local scale where both positive and negative externalities of the project are running. Initiated by a questioning on how such a public policy tool can be deployed at the heart of specific territories, the main objective of this PhD work is to characterize the expectation of local stakeholders towards the perceived impacts awaited from the instatement of a development project. More specifically, this work relies on an analytical approach centered on the study of the perception of the stakeholders of the Bay of St-Brieuc territory (Western Brittany, France), who are directly concerned by an offshore wind farm project. To reach suchaims, complementary qualitative and quantitative methods are used such as fuzzy cognitive mapping and choice experiment method. Using this kind of approaches allowed us to better define several keys for understanding how local stakeholders perceive the impacts of such a project and agree or not with compensation being an appropriate answer regarding the negative impacts of the project and consider the implementation of compensation in reference to their preferences towards different types of action – monetary incentives, public goods investments, ecological restoration. Our results show very heterogeneous perceptions in between the different stakeholders that can in a large part beexplained using the concept of Communities of Practice. Finally, when the principle of compensation is accepted by allthe stakeholders of a territory, the equivalency logical that determines the compensation expectations can be of three types: a territorial equivalency, in which the benefits of compensation must be shared by all inhabitants of the impacted territory; an ecological equivalency, in which the level of ecological functions or ecosystem services is maintained constant; and an equivalency based on economic values that must balance the loss of benefits underwent by some professional activities.

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