Que la question du développement soit une question qui intéresse la théologie est aujourd’hui une évidence pour les théologiens. Depuis le Concile Vatican II, à l’exception de Jean Paul I, les papes successifs ont consacré chacun une encyclique entière à la question du développement. Ces encycliques abordent le développement comme une question à la fois économique, politique, sociale et surtout théologique et morale. Notre thèse cherche à répondre à une question historique très pertinente pour la pensée théologique en ce qui concerne le développement : Comment le développement est-t-il devenu une question théologique ? Quel est le processus qui a permit au développement de prendre une place importante dans la théologie ? Nous avons fait une étude du document principal qui a permis à l'église d’entrer en dialogue avec le monde et ses problèmes : La Constitution pastorale sur l'église dans le monde de ce temps Gaudium et spes. Nous avons montré comment les Pères conciliaires ont pu, à partir de leur travail au Concile, mettre en marche une dynamique en faveur du développement et de là ont pu élaborer un enseignement théologique sur le développement. Le sujet qui a conditionné tout le débat sur le développement est l’homme et son bien-être, l’homme créé par Dieu et qui collabore avec Dieu pour achever sa création. Une approche à la fois historique et théologique nous a permis de donner à notre thème un contenu précis et à élaborer ce qu’on peut désigner comme une théologie du développement. / For most theologians today, it goes without saying that development is a theological question. Since after the second Vatican Council, with the exception of Pope John-Paul I, all the other popes published an encyclical letter on development. Each of these encyclicals treats development as economic, political, social and especially theological question. Our research is an attempt to respond to a very important historical question for theological thought: How did development become a theological question? What processes led to its becoming a current and important theological issue? To respond to the above questions, we studied the principal document through which the Church entered into dialogue with the world during the second Vatican Council: The Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the modern world Gaudium et spes. The council Fathers, in the said documents, gave development an elaborate theological treatment. All the debate on development in the Council was dominated by the consideration for man and his well-being; man created by God and called by him to continue collaborating with him in his work of creation. By using a historical and theological approach, we were able to give to our theme a reasonable elucidation. This method also helped us to elaborate what could be designated as a theology of development.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:27:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosana Manzini.pdf: 905754 bytes, checksum: 7f55eefb198f7a07fa6c0fdcf0713261 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-21 / This academic research, as a master level work, aims to verify the present value of Pastoral Constitution Gaudium et Spes. It is due to the interest that Vatican Council II keeps causing, after so many years. The social-religious situation has changed. Therefore, a lucid and profound reanalysis is needed. In order to do so, using the theological method, we did a historical analysis of its antecedents, pointing the specific occasion in which this important document was published. Then, pointing out the document s guide-lines related to the recent Church Teaching announcements: Document of Aparecida (2007) and the Benedict XVI s Encyclic, Caritas in Veritate (2009). We have placed all these documents in its historical context, allowing the dialogue with Gaudium et Spes. The conclusion is that, after almost fifty years, Gaudium et Spes still fits nowadays reality and can be used as base to theological-pastoral reflection / Este trabalho acadêmico, em nível de mestrado, tem como objetivo principal verificar a atualidade da Constituição Pastoral Gaudium et Spes. Isto se justifica pelo interesse que o Concílio Vaticano II continua exercendo, após tantos anos. Mas a situação sócio-eclesial mudou. Por isso, uma releitura lúcida e aprofundada se faz necessária. Utilizando o método teológico, fazemos uma análise histórica dos antecedentes, indicando a ocasião em que foi promulgado este importante documento. Em seguida, pontuamos as linhas-mestras do documento em questão com recentes manifestações do Magistério da Igreja: o Documento de Aparecida (2007) e a Encíclica de Bento XVI, Caritas in Veritate (2009). Situamos todos estes documentos em seu contexto histórico, possibilitando o contra-ponto com a Gaudium et Spes. A conclusão é que, passados quase cinquenta anos, a Gaudium et Spes ainda reserva surpreendente atualidade e pode servir como base para a reflexão teológico-pastoral

[pt] A presente dissertação trata da centralidade de Jesus Cristo no entendimento do projeto de Deus sobre o ser humano. Esta abordagem encontrou na Gaudium et Spes, especialmente em seu número 22, um lugar significativo, pois permitiu à antropologia teológica uma visão mais unitária. Cristo, Homem Novo, aparece como Homem Perfeito, isto é, paradigma daquilo que o ser humano é chamado a ser. O caminho que faremos terá três momentos. O primeiro será um relato descritivo e interpretativo sobre a gênese e o desenvolvimento da Gaudium et Spes, com uma atenção especial ao tema proposto, o mistério do homem revelado no mistério de Cristo, marcadamente presente no primeiro capítulo do documento, em destaque no número 22. Em seguida, aprofundaremos a centralidade de Jesus no projeto de Deus Pai para o ser humano. A dignidade da pessoa humana se esclarece no mistério de Cristo (GS 22). Nesta afirmação está a mais alta fundamentação da Constituição Pastoral. E, finalmente, iremos explicitar o pensamento de dois grandes teólogos alemães do século XX, Wolfhart Pannenberg, pastor luterano, e Karl Rahner, padre jesuíta católico, que afrontaram o tema da relação entre teologia e antropologia. / [en] This dissertation is about the centrality of Jesus Christ in the understanding of God s project about human being. This approach found in Gaudium et Spes, especially in its number 22, a significant place because it allowed a more unified vision to the theological anthropology. Christ, New Man, appears as Perfect Man, that is, paradigm of what human beings are called to be. There will be three moments on the path we will have. The first will be a descriptive and interpretive account about the genesis and the development of Gaudium et Spes, with special attention to the theme, the mystery of the man revealed in the mystery of Christ, markedly present in the first chapter of the document, highlighted the number 22 . Then we will deepen the centrality of Jesus in the project of God the Father for humans. The dignity of the human person is made clear in the mystery of Christ (GS 22). This statement is the highest reason for the Pastoral Constitution. And finally, we will explain the thoughts of two great German theologians of the twentieth century, Wolfhart Pannenberg, Lutheran pastor, and Karl Rahner, Catholic Jesuit priest who blasphemed the theme of relationship between theology and anthropology.