<p> Though many father-son pairs struggle with relating, on average heterosexual father-homosexual son pairs are much less affectionate and symbiotic than their heterosexual counterparts (Floyd, Sargent, &amp; Di Corcia, 2004). According to feminist investigators, conflictual relations between heterosexual fathers and homosexual sons are grounded in antihomosexual stigma and prejudice (Floyd et al., 2004) and gender atypical behaviors (Savin-Williams, 2001). From a depth psychological perspective, these dysfunctional relations are ascribed to shared cultural complexes (Singer &amp; Kimbles, 2004a) of the archetypal masculine. In order to understand these processes, the current study explored the lived experience of cultural complexes of the archetypal masculine shared between heterosexual fathers and homosexual sons. The study applied a phenomenological method of analysis to data collected from interviews of an ethnically diverse convenience sample of 3 heterosexual fathers and 3 homosexual sons. The results yielded 12 major themes: performance anxiety, gendered fathers, atypicality, variant masculinity, heteronormative masculine reinforcements, homonegativity, group inclusion and exclusion, microaggressions, shame and embarrassment, suppression and restriction, withdrawal, and disconnection. These themes were further organized and discussed from both the feminist and depth psychological perspectives. The analysis revealed that when heterosexual fathers and homosexual sons cling to one end of the archetypal masculine spectrum, they fail to observe their disidentified selves projected in the other. This leads to an endless cycle of shared cultural complex interactions that corrupts heterosexual fathers and homosexual sons from relating to each other as well as to themselves. Keywords: Cultural complexes, archetypal masculinity, homosexuality, stigma</p>

<p> The sexual assault incidence rate on college campuses has been a growing issue for administrators. Programs and interventions have been done in response to both institutional need and federal policy guidelines. The purpose of this quantitative study was to measure the effectiveness of the Mentors in Violence Prevention (MVP) training for Resident Assistants on their confidence and leadership skill level in sexual violence prevention as student leaders. This study also explored the changes in Resident Assistants&rsquo; perception of the importance of leadership in reducing gender violence, gender perceptions, and perceptions of sexual assaults on their college campus. The study utilized secondary data of 52 Resident Assistants who participated in a MVP training. The data were collected through pre- and post-evaluations of the students who attended a southern Californian university. Paired <i> t</i>-tests were conducted to examine the mean differences of Resident Assistants&rsquo; pre- and post-test survey responses. Independent <i> t</i>-tests were also completed to examine mean differences of Resident Assistants&rsquo; pre and post-test survey responses by sex. Findings suggest that after Resident Assistants participated in the MVP training, they had higher measures in confidence level in preventing gender violence, speaking to others about sexual violence, using leadership in promoting gender and sexual equity, and perceiving sexual violence on campus as a bigger problem. With Resident Assistants being first-responders for residents, they are a unique group of student leaders on a college campus that can receive extensive training to fulfill their responsibilities and roles as advocates in reducing the occurrences of sexual violence and create social change. Further implications can be illustrated in positive outcomes with bystander prevention training for student leaders on a college campus.</p>

<p> Women are still vastly underrepresented in the fields of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, and compared to men, are entering these STEM fields at lower rates and leaving them in higher numbers. The disparity of women in STEM careers damages the diversity of thought essential to innovation and creates an environment encouraging of gender inequality and discrimination. The current study sought to understand the discrimination women perceive in STEM careers, the negative effects these biases may have on job attitudes, and the role coping self-efficacy plays in mitigating these harmful results. Participants were surveyed through MechanicalTurk and responded to questions regarding their experiences of gender discrimination, level of coping self-efficacy, job satisfaction, and intention to quit. Results indicated that greater perceptions of gender discrimination resulted in lower levels of job satisfaction. Coping self-efficacy proved to be a significant moderator of the relationship between gender discrimination and job satisfaction, such that higher levels of coping self-efficacy resulted in greater job satisfaction despite perceptions of discrimination. Training for coping self-efficacy may serve as an effective tool to competently navigate the obstacles to career success that women face in today&rsquo;s workplace.</p>

Syftet med denna uppsats är att med en genusvetenskaplig ingång undersöka hur relationen mellan femininitet och makt kan skildras i historisk spelfilm. I studien analyseras tre olika filmer från olika årtionden, som alla skildrar samma historiska person, Elizabeth Tudor; The Virgin Queen (1955), Elizabeth (1998) och Elizabeth: The Golden Age (2007). Utgångspunkten är en kritiskt granskande feministisk filmanalys som utgår ifrån begreppen kvinnlig maskulinitet och hegemonisk femininitet. Med en organisationsteoretisk ingång i enlighet med Abrahamsson (2009) analyseras Elizabeths olika strategier för att legitimera sin makt. Den historiska Elizabeth var tvungen att förhålla sig till sin samtids patriarkala struktur, ideal och krav, men karaktären Elizabeth har också formats och skapats utifrån sin, det vill säga filmens, samtida föreställningar om femininitet och makt. Även om representationer av kvinnor i maktfulla positioner potentiellt kan utmana rådande föreställningar om makt och femininitet betyder det inte att de automatiskt gör det. Jag undersöker hur femininet relateras till makt och hur Elizabeth, som kvinna, kan få sin makt legitimerad.

<p> This study interrogates the resonances of queer utopianism in Octavia Butler&rsquo;s presentation of time in Kindred in order to address the lack of existing scholarship on the novel&rsquo;s relationship with queer temporality. To conduct this interrogation, I utilize the work of queer optimists like Mu&ntilde;oz, Berlant, and Ahmed to deconstruct the text phenomenologically in conjunction with queer pessimists like Halberstam and Edelman to nuance this analysis. To prevent this analysis from being overtaken by a white gaze, I also make use of Black scholars like Morrison, Sharpe, Cooper, Gates, and Collins. In my analysis, I divide Butler&rsquo;s presentation of time into present, past, and future- whereas the present refers to the American Bicentennial and the cultural disconnect the protagonist Dana experiences in her relationship with her white husband, the past signals the pull of Antebellum era white supremacist patriarchy and Dana&rsquo;s need to engage in archival work to reconstitute the history that has been denied to her, and the future implies a nebulousness that blurs both eras together and instills the novel&rsquo;s ending with an ambiguity that lends itself to both pessimistic and optimistic readings. I emphasize how Butler positions Black temporality as a queer temporality in the novel that challenge readers&rsquo; own relationship with the dominant white patriarchal culture.</p><p>

New developments in music technology, alongside a more porous understanding of the nature of sound and its performance, have opened experimental and contemporary music to many new expressions since 1945. It might therefore be expected that the revolutionary compositional ingenuity demonstrated by many of female composers shaping this new transmission of music-making would by now be carefully documented in the historiography. Yet this has not been the case, and their absence is symptomatic of a still active antipathy to women entering and participating in professional and artistic arenas that remain structured in gender terms. Taking my title from Pauline Oliveros’s practice of Deep Listening, my research analyses the compositional strategies of an indicative group of five female composers, with the intention of redressing this knowledge gap. I do this from a practice base, in which interviews with Éliane Radigue, Oliveros, Annea Lockwood, Joan La Barbara and Ellen Fullman are analysed through a methodology built from the intersections between psychoanalysis, oral history, and sound studies. From this, I propose the concept of the sonic artefact that results from the methodologically-focused encounter between researcher and narrator. Analysis of the communicative space within which the sonic artefact operates offers, I argue, a new methodology for gleaning ontological meaning from the sonic utterance of speech. This is extended to researchers as a method in which to theorise and to achieve a ‘deeper listening’ that attends to the historical depth of who is making sound and how they might be better heard. The audio interviews made during my research and additional documents share a focus with the Her Noise Archive at the University of the Arts London’s Special Archives and will be lodged there.

<p> Gretchen Cryer and Nancy Ford, along with most other female creators of musicals, remain in the shadows, in spite of an increased focus by the media on women&rsquo;s contributions to society. The messages of Cryer and Ford&rsquo;s dramatic themes and songs have not been fully understood by many critics and audience members. Scholarly and popular writings on women in theater remain scarce, and literature on Cryer and Ford contains errors and promotes misunderstandings. </p><p> In this thesis, I argue that Gretchen Cryer and Nancy Ford, a writer and composer of musical theater respectively, tackled contemporary issues in their Broadway and off Broadway musicals, introduced new theatrical forms and musical genres to the stage, and have built a distinguished collaborative career and earned a meritorious position in musical theater heritage by incorporating these issues, in particular, those which pertain to women or those which affect women, into their works. I seek to correct and build upon extant writings and information from media resources. My thesis is the first monograph to detail the lives and works of Cryer and Ford, and to assess their contributions to the musical theater genre. My detailed case studies dissect several Cryer and Ford musicals, which speak directly to prominent images and ideas of the time, and reveal how their works emphasize the importance of interpersonal communication, and endorse humanism and, in particular, feminism. Cryer and Ford are trailblazers for other female musical writers, for whom they have advocated, and for whom I provide a comprehensive overview.</p><p>

<p> For decades, there has been a concern with the negative framing of black women in the media. Historically, black women are placed into four stereotypical frames: The Mammy, The Jezebel, The Sapphire and The Matriarch. However, in 2008, a new image of black women arose through Michelle Obama. She was well rounded &mdash; beautiful, intelligent, insightful, humorous, strong, yet soft all at the same time. This study seeks to understand the changes in the framing of black women since Michelle Obama&rsquo;s time as First Lady.</p><p> More specifically, this study focuses on the medium of magazine journalism, which seems to be largely ignored in the realm of media studies. Thirty articles from a mainstream (<i>Glamour</i>) and a black women&rsquo;s magazine (<i>Essence</i>) were analyzed for the presence of historical frames along with the emergence of new ones. The study employs the qualitative method of textual analysis as a way to determine frames and their meanings through a grounded theory approach.</p><p> The primary outcomes of this study are a greater understanding of how historical frames still affect how magazines, mainstream and black, frame black women, and the revealing of new frames that depart from those historical representations. Furthermore, this study will be used as a foundation for editors, writers, educators and students alike, to create more authentic and multifaceted stories about black women.</p><p>

<p> The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between college male leaders and their perceptions of masculinity, gender role norms and their leadership style. This qualitative study utilized a brief questionnaire and semi-structured, one on one interviews with 14 former Interfraternity Council and/or North American Interfraternity Conference fraternity chapter presidents at one of two site institutions near a Mid-Atlantic metropolitan area. Bandura&rsquo;s (1971) social learning theory was used as a framework in this study. A post-intentional phenomenological approach was used to gather data reflecting the experience of the participants through their term as a fraternity president. </p><p> Nine themes emerged to answer the two research questions of how perceptions of gender role norms inform leadership styles in college men, including what messages of masculinity and gender role norms college men receive and from where those messages are received, and how leadership styles of college men are reflections of their learned masculinities. The themes identified in this study contributed to four findings. First, authoritarian approaches to leadership hide a lack of confidence in knowledge and abilities of leading a group. The second finding is that in caring for others, participants saw themselves as their organization&rsquo;s savior. Third, the participants had such difficulty navigating conflicting expectations of gender and unprovoked attacks on campus that they chose to disengage entirely. Finally, participants isolated themselves from their organization in order to maintain moral authority and power over their members. </p><p> Five recommendations for practice are outlined based on the findings of the study. The first recommendation is to develop materials to help students decide to run for a position and facilitate transition into that decision prior to their fraternity elections. The second recommendation is to provide ongoing training and debriefing for fraternity chapter presidents. Third, it is recommended to incorporate healthy masculinity into new member programming. The fourth recommendation is to encourage and facilitate relationships between chapter presidents. Finally, it is recommended to develop a campus or fraternity Good Samaritan policy.</p><p>

<p> <b>Problem Statement:</b> This study compares traditional age female college students (18&ndash;25) diagnosed with celiac disease (CD) to age matched controls on measurements of executive function (EF) and social phobia (SP). Although previous research in this area has been mixed, a preponderance of the evidence from these studies suggests that CD impacts cognitive functioning as a whole; executive functioning in particular. However, most of the literature in this area focuses on age groups outside of the normal traditional college age range. No research to date has examined executive functioning or social phobia among 18&ndash;25-year-old female college students with CD. Bronfenbrenner&rsquo;s Bio-Ecological Systems Theory will be utilized in understanding the relationships among and between the various interacting systems with the developing person with CD. </p><p> <b>Purpose:</b> The purpose of this study is to compare traditional age female college students (18&ndash;25) diagnosed with celiac disease (CD) to age matched controls on measures of executive function and social phobia. </p><p> <b>Research Questions:</b> Do female college students aged 18&ndash;25 with CD differ between age-matched controls on levels of EF? Do female college students aged 18&ndash;25 years old with CD experience different levels of SP than age matched controls? Do female college students aged 18&ndash;25 with CD that are adherent to a gluten-free diet (GFD) differ on their scores on measures of EF than those participants who do not adhere to a GFD? Do female college students aged 18&ndash;25 with CD have lower GPAs than age-matched healthy controls? Do female college students aged 18&ndash;25 years old with CD that are adherent to a GFD have higher GPAs than those female college students aged 18&ndash;25 with CD, who do not adhere to a GFD? </p><p> <b>Methodology:</b> This study employed a quasi-experimental, cross-sectional design. The relationship between the dependent variables (DVs) EF and SP with the independent variables (IVs) participants with CD and age-matched healthy controls and the covariate variables (adherence to a GFD and GPA) will be examined using independent <i>t</i>-tests and between subjects analysis of variance (ANOVA). Predictor variables (IVs/covariate variables) associated with the DVs at a statistically significant level (p &lt; .05) will be entered into the final multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). </p><p> <b>Findings:</b> CD significantly affected Working Memory, Planning Organization, and Organization of Materials in measures of EF among participants with CD compared to age-matched healthy controls. CD significantly affected levels of social phobia in CD participants compared to the control group in situations involving interactions with the opposite sex and interaction with strangers. Self-report GPAs among CD participants had a significantly lower mean than the control group. </p><p>