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La présente recherche interroge l’espace public européen présent dans les télévisions régionales en France et en Allemagne. L’Union européenne est une construction politique complexe, qui fait dans sa communication extérieure elle-même l’amalgame entre « Union européenne » et Europe. Prenant en compte les spécificités culturelles et interdisciplinaires inhérentes à notre cotutelle franco-allemande, nous avons choisi de combiner trois méthodes. En premier lieu, la méthode de Hickethier propose une analyse structurelle des programmes de télévision, bien adaptée à notre contexte bilingue et binational parce qu’elle rend possible la comparaison des données de la même manière au-delà des langues en codant les données en variables. Puis nous avons réalisé une analyse herméneutique mettant en lumière les points communs dans le traitement de l’information européenne. La troisième méthode a consisté en plusieurs entretiens d’experts avec des journalistes et des responsables médiatiques dans les deux régions étudiées. Les télévisions publiques, dans les systèmes allemand et français, ont comme mission l’éducation des citoyens. Ainsi le Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk regroupe l’ensemble de service public médiatique pour les Länder de Saxe, Saxe-Anhalt et Thuringe ; France 3 en revanche est une chaîne nationale dédiée aux régions. Toutes deux situées aux frontières de la France et de l’Allemagne, elles devraient hypothétiquement faire montre d’une certaine volonté et présenter les évènements se produisant dans les pays voisins, en Belgique et au Royaume-Uni pour France 3 et en Pologne et en République Tchèque pour le MDR, ouvrant ainsi des fenêtres sur l’Europe. Nous avons collecté et analysé plus de 43 heures de programmes télévisés dédiés à l’information d’octobre à décembre 2013. De tous les programmes analysés, un cinquième parle en effet de l’Europe ou de l’Union européenne. Néanmoins, la majorité des informations européennes consiste en une simple mention du nom « EU », « Bruxelles » ou même d’un autre pays européen. Contrairement à nos attentes, l’Europe n’apparaît pas essentiellement comme un monstre technocratique et dirigeant présenté d’un point de vue négatif, au contraire : les informations européennes sont présentes essentiellement dans le domaine de la culture et du sport. En outre, de nombreux exemples de reportages de qualité montrant des similitudes sur les deux chaînes ont été trouvés. Par exemple, le traitement des informations concernant l’intégration des Roms sont présents sur les deux chaînes de manière didactique. L’émission « MDR-Aktuell » du 5/12/2013 proposait un reportage dans un village proche de la frontière germano-tchèque alors que France 3 Nord-Pas-de-Calais interviewait en Roumanie une famille Rom ayant vécu trois ans dans la banlieue de Lille. Cette « série spéciale » de France 3 est symptomatique d’un phénomène rencontré à plusieurs reprises sur les deux chaînes analysées : l’information européenne sert de « prétexte informatif » à parler de questions qui concernent en fait le pays du média considéré. Un deuxième phénomène récurrent concerne la tendance de chacun des médias à construire une perspective de l’Autre opposé au « chez soi », dans le contexte européen ou même de l’Etat-nation. Ceci est présent surtout dans les productions des plus petites rédactions (Boulogne-sur-Mer ou Magdebourg), alors que les grandes rédactions comme Lille ou Leipzig parlent plus d’une perspective européenne transcendante. Ceci fut particulièrement visible dans le traitement de l’information concernant la tempête Xaver qui a balayé l’Europe le 5/12/2013. Dans ce cas, on peut parler d’européanisation synchrone de l’information, puisque le même évènement est traité simultanément par différentes télévisions. (...) / My research investigates the European public sphere present in both French and German regional television programmes, with the aim of identifying European elements based on regional content. The French media system is centralized like the French republic, whilst the German media system, a “present of the Allies”, is based in and on each Länder. France 3 is a national TV channel, based in Paris, with regular programming content dedicated to the regions. Analyzed in this thesis are regional productions for Picardy and Nord-Pas-de-Calais, broadcast on France 3 Nord-Pas-de-Calais and France 3 Picardie. The Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk, analyzed in this thesis, is the regional TV broadcaster for the Länder of Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia. Both are situated along the French and German borders and should be willing to present events from the neighboring countries of Belgium and the United Kingdom, Poland and the Czech Republic. This study was undertaken in cooperation between two universities in France and Germany. In order to reconcile these scientific and cultural realities with each other and to cover the needs of both schools of thought, I utilized three methods. First, I used a sociological method after Hickethier that proposes a structural analysis of the television programmes. This method allows a comparison that transcends cultures and languages by coding each relevant element into variables. Second, I used a hermeneutical analysis illuminating the common Europen themes of French and German TV programmes. The third method consists of interviews with experts, journalists and further relevant media personnel in France and Germany. This study shows that in 43 hours of TV programmes, collected between October and December of 2013, from France 3’s and MDR’s information programmes and shows, one-fifth of the programmes make mention of the European Union or of the specific countries themselves. Contrary to our hypothesis, the European Union was not represented as a technological, controlling behemoth, but in a positive or a neutral manner, most often in conjunction with themes of culture and sport. These themes are most often covered in news magazines like “Brisant”, while more serious magazines like “MDR-Aktuell” cover economic and political themes in a more negative manner. This study also found examples of similar qualitative reporting by both French and German television stations. For example, the information concerning the integration of the Roma in both countries is presented in a didactic manner. Broadcast on December 5th, 2013, the programme,“MDR-Aktuell”, included coverage of a village situated 50 km south of the Czech-German border in Bohemia where Roma and Czechs live peacefully together. France 3 Nord-Pas-de-Calais followed a positive path in presenting a segment in Romania in which France 3 journalists interviewed a family who lived in a ghetto in Lille (North France). This “Special Series” illustrates a phenomenon common to all the TV programmes analysed in this study: using Europe as a frame of reference in order to discuss regional or even national problems. A second recurrent phenomenon concerns each television station branch’s tendency to speak from a more narrow perspective and to construct “Othering”. This is revealed through the thematic analysis we performed on each TV branch’s production on the hurricane “Xaver”, which occurred all over Europe on December 5th, 2013. In conclusion, this study has found that regional television in both France and Germany, despite working with several ontological differences due to differing political and media systems, offer European content, some with greater educational value to the EU. Interviews with experts provide an impetus for both France 3 and MDR’s journalists and directors to promote a positive image of its European neighbours and of the EU on regional television.

This diploma thesis deals with the development of Poland during the single-party government of the national conservative right-wing party Law and Justice (PiS) between 2015 and 2019 and the presentation of this development in the German national conservative right-wing weekly Junge Freiheit. The work aims to find out how this periodical reports on the individual steps taken by the Polish government in the areas of migration policy, judicial reform, public media reform, views on history and family policies with regard to cultural proximity and the shared values of the PiS government and this medium, and also the present anti-German element in the strong nationalist rhetoric of the ruling party. Among the sources used are mainly articles from the archives of the printed version of Junge Freiheit, as well as articles from its online version, and laws passed by the Polish Sejm in the given period. The thesis is divided into three chapters, the first of which briefly deals with the development of Poland until October 2015, i.e. the parliamentary elections won by PiS. The second chapter deals with the political development of Poland between 2015 and 2019; specifically, the work focuses on migration policy, judicial reform, public media reform, views on history and family policies. The third chapter...

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The represeantation of refugees in the mainstream media in Germany is a vital part in the understanding of the cultural impact of the refugee crisis. What is written in the German mainstream media is of special interest in times where the press is denounced as "lying press" or "press of lies." This analysis takes a look at the refugee discourse before, during and after the events of New Year's Eve in Cologne and draws conclusions on the impact the attacks on women had on the media discourse.

abstract: After being awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2009, Herta Müller attained great prominence around the world. Commentators, especially in English-speaking countries, seemed shocked by the decision. One of the primary concerns was that Müller was relatively unknown. This thesis seeks to address this and other concerns by looking at reviews of her works in German- and English-language publications both before and after the Nobel Prize was awarded. This thesis analyses chronologically the reception of her books beginning with Niederungen in 1982 and ending with the reception of her novel Atemschaukel in 2009. It compares the reception of the original German text to that of the English translation; therefore only works which have been translated and published in English are discussed. The study also shows that while Müller's work did not top the bestseller charts, at least before the Nobel Prize, she was hardly the completely unknown author that some in the English-language media believed. This thesis seeks to present trends in the reception as well as provide a basis for further study of the reception of Herta Müller. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. German 2011

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