Texte remanié de: Tesi di dottorato--Università di Milano, 2001. / Bibliogr. p. 345-378.

Thesis--Catholic University of America. / Bibliography: p. 156-159.

Thesis--Catholic University of America. / Bibliography: p. 156-159.

The Company Man argues that corporate ways of organising communities permeated British imperial culture. My point of departure is the obsession shared between Anglo-Indian writers and imperial policymakers with the threat of unmanageable agency, the employee who will not follow orders. By taking up Giambattista Vico's claim that human subjects and human institutions condition each other reciprocally, I argue that Anglo-Indian literature is properly understood as one of a series of disciplinary apparatuses which were developed in response to that persistent logistical problem: how best to convince plenipotentiary agents to work in the interest of a mercantile employer, the East India Company. The Company Man reconsiders the way we think and write about Victorian imperial culture by taking this institutional approach. For one thing, the dominant position of the Company highlights the limitation of our continuing dependence on the nation as a critical hermeneutic. Additionally, I show how the prevalence of ideas like duty, service, and sacrifice in colonial literature is more than simply the natural output of a nation looking to sacralise everyday practice in the wake of their famous "Victorian loss of faith." Rather, I place these ideas among a structure of feeling, which I call aristocratic virtue, that was developed by imperial policymakers looking to militate against the threat of rogue agents. The subject material under consideration includes novels, short stories, poems, essays, memoirs, personal correspondence, and parliamentary speeches. These texts span a century but are clustered around four nodal points, which illustrate moments of innovation in the technologies of regulation and control. My opening chapter examines how the idea of an overseas empire first acquired virtue in the minds of the British public. The second explores how the Company grafted this virtue onto its corporate structure in its training colleges and competition exams. The third shows how Anglo-Indian literature continued to disseminate the rhetoric of self-sacrifice and noble suffering long after the Company ceded control to the Crown. The final chapter shows how this corporate culture reflects in that most canonical of imperial novels, Rudyard Kipling's Kim (1901).

The Company Man argues that corporate ways of organising communities permeated British imperial culture. My point of departure is the obsession shared between Anglo-Indian writers and imperial policymakers with the threat of unmanageable agency, the employee who will not follow orders. By taking up Giambattista Vico's claim that human subjects and human institutions condition each other reciprocally, I argue that Anglo-Indian literature is properly understood as one of a series of disciplinary apparatuses which were developed in response to that persistent logistical problem: how best to convince plenipotentiary agents to work in the interest of a mercantile employer, the East India Company. The Company Man reconsiders the way we think and write about Victorian imperial culture by taking this institutional approach. For one thing, the dominant position of the Company highlights the limitation of our continuing dependence on the nation as a critical hermeneutic. Additionally, I show how the prevalence of ideas like duty, service, and sacrifice in colonial literature is more than simply the natural output of a nation looking to sacralise everyday practice in the wake of their famous "Victorian loss of faith." Rather, I place these ideas among a structure of feeling, which I call aristocratic virtue, that was developed by imperial policymakers looking to militate against the threat of rogue agents. The subject material under consideration includes novels, short stories, poems, essays, memoirs, personal correspondence, and parliamentary speeches. These texts span a century but are clustered around four nodal points, which illustrate moments of innovation in the technologies of regulation and control. My opening chapter examines how the idea of an overseas empire first acquired virtue in the minds of the British public. The second explores how the Company grafted this virtue onto its corporate structure in its training colleges and competition exams. The third shows how Anglo-Indian literature continued to disseminate the rhetoric of self-sacrifice and noble suffering long after the Company ceded control to the Crown. The final chapter shows how this corporate culture reflects in that most canonical of imperial novels, Rudyard Kipling's Kim (1901).

The Company Man argues that corporate ways of organising communities permeated British imperial culture. My point of departure is the obsession shared between Anglo-Indian writers and imperial policymakers with the threat of unmanageable agency, the employee who will not follow orders. By taking up Giambattista Vico's claim that human subjects and human institutions condition each other reciprocally, I argue that Anglo-Indian literature is properly understood as one of a series of disciplinary apparatuses which were developed in response to that persistent logistical problem: how best to convince plenipotentiary agents to work in the interest of a mercantile employer, the East India Company. The Company Man reconsiders the way we think and write about Victorian imperial culture by taking this institutional approach. For one thing, the dominant position of the Company highlights the limitation of our continuing dependence on the nation as a critical hermeneutic. Additionally, I show how the prevalence of ideas like duty, service, and sacrifice in colonial literature is more than simply the natural output of a nation looking to sacralise everyday practice in the wake of their famous "Victorian loss of faith." Rather, I place these ideas among a structure of feeling, which I call aristocratic virtue, that was developed by imperial policymakers looking to militate against the threat of rogue agents. The subject material under consideration includes novels, short stories, poems, essays, memoirs, personal correspondence, and parliamentary speeches. These texts span a century but are clustered around four nodal points, which illustrate moments of innovation in the technologies of regulation and control. My opening chapter examines how the idea of an overseas empire first acquired virtue in the minds of the British public. The second explores how the Company grafted this virtue onto its corporate structure in its training colleges and competition exams. The third shows how Anglo-Indian literature continued to disseminate the rhetoric of self-sacrifice and noble suffering long after the Company ceded control to the Crown. The final chapter shows how this corporate culture reflects in that most canonical of imperial novels, Rudyard Kipling's Kim (1901). / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel Eid Tucci.pdf: 2413357 bytes, checksum: 6b5167fc04d712802563472d458b86a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-14 / This dissertation aims to examine the role of imagination in the work New Science of the Neapolitan philosopher Giambattista Vico (1668-1744). The focus of the research is to present the imagination as a concept of unity of knowledge and function of knowledge. For this purpose the dissertation begins with the image title page analysis present in the Scienza Nuova of 1744. This analysis will explore the design, trends and influences that led to the drafting of the image on the title page. An explanation of key concepts relevant follows for interpretation of the viquian opus, decoded from the hieroglyphs present on the title page. After showing the inventiveness of Vico to apply his imagination theory in his own work to achieve the reader, the research seeks to deepen the imagination of the theme as sensorial knowledge of the first people, the poetic wisdom, universal fantastic, the operation of the poetic mind and its requirements as a viquian topical and common sense. This intent aims to understand the contemporary attitude of Vico in his time, his conflicts against divergent school of thought and his concern for the future of humanity / A dissertação tem por objetivo analisar o papel da imaginação na obra Ciência Nova do filósofo napolitano Giambattista Vico (1668-1744). O enfoque da pesquisa é apresentar os conceitos da noção de imaginação como unidade e função do conhecimento. Para tal propósito a dissertação inicia com a análise do Frontispício presente na Scienza Nuova, de 1744. Tal análise irá explorar a concepção, tendências e influências que levaram à elaboração do Frontispício. Segue-se uma explicação dos principais conceitos relevantes para uma interpretação do opus viquiano, decodificados a partir dos hieróglifos presentes no Frontispício. Após mostrar a inventividade de Vico na aplicação de sua teoria da imaginação em sua própria estratégia para atingir o leitor de sua obra, a pesquisa busca aprofundar o tema da imaginação como conhecimento sensorial dos primeiros povos; a sabedoria poética, os universais fantásticos, o funcionamento da mente poética e seus requisitos como a tópica viquiana e o senso comum. Tal intento visa a compreender a postura contemporânea de Vico , seus conflitos contra a divergente corrente de pensamento e sua preocupação com o futuro da humanidade

A afinidade significativa entre as reflexões de Giambattista Vico e a poesia de Fernando Pessoa são objeto dessa pesquisa pois há uma correlação entre o poeta criador de heterônimos e o pensador da História, filósofo da natureza humana. Vico resgatou dos antigos egípcios que a humanidade passou por três etapas de evolução: idade dos deuses, dos heróis e dos homens. Entretanto há uma inovação: tudo começou ao mesmo tempo. Em um desenrolar espiralizado, a História evolui em constantes retornos: a essa sequência de estágios Vico chamou de História Ideal Eterna, crivada pelos cursos e recorrências. O objetivo da atual pesquisa é evidenciar que os heterônimos representam a síntese poética da História Ideal Eterna. Como fundamento do estudo temos A Ciência Nova, obra-prima do autor italiano, a qual discursa a respeito do mito como a primeira forma de ciência dos povos arcaicos e sobre o axioma verum ipsun factum. Primeiramente se aborda a época de Vico, sua vida e a formação nos estudos, para se compreender a postura contrária à perspectiva cartesiana. Explana-se a teoria viconiana que distingue quatro tipos de conhecimento: Ciência, Consciência, Verdades Universais e Conhecimento Histórico. Constata-se que o pensador napolitano tinha fundamentos cabíveis para sustentar suas asserções, haja vista que antecipou a antropologia moderna. A partir dessa constatação percebe-se que encontramos na História uma disciplina de apoio na análise literária. Por outro lado, apesar de ser autor do século XX, Pessoa é eterno na história ideal da literatura e sua imortalidade fez-se na construção de poetas que perfazem uma humanidade inteira. Caeiro, Reis e Campos não devem ser lidos separadamente e sim na relação entre eles pois são unidade que se complementa em um desdobrar cíclico que reproduz a evolução da consciência humana. O paralelo entre a vida de um sujeito da raça humana e a própria humanidade se estabelece formando uma visão poética dos elementos da narrativa histórica. O homem arcaico possuía grande poder de sentidos e fantasia corpulenta, por isso tomando o cuidado para não se deixar levar por cristalizações nota-se que os versos de Caeiro remetem à poesia do concreto, como a linguagem e o pensamento dos primeiros homens que viam as coisas com o deslumbre da primeira vez. Reis é a aristocracia que corresponde à segunda idade, a dos heróis, da solenidade do espírito épico contido na Ode. Campos é o poeta das recorrências, da barbárie, da idade dos homens e da civilização ocidental. Concluise que os heterônimos assim como as três idades são um ciclo no sentido de que formam uma sequência de cursos e recorrências. Paradoxal como tudo em Pessoa porque temos um primeiro, um segundo e um terceiro que se originam todos juntos, concomitantemente. A perspectiva viconiana confirma que os heterônimos apresentam uma aparente diversidade porém o mundo deles constitui de fato um uni-verso. Encontram-se também novas possibilidades de leitura para a poesia dos heterônimos. / The significant affinity between the reflections of Giambattista Vico and the poetry of Fernando Pessoa is the object of this research because there is a relationship between the poet, the man who created heteronyms, and the other man who was the philosopher of History and Human Nature. Vico has reclaimed from the ancient Egyptians that the mankind went through three stages of evolution: the age of gods, age of heroes and the age of men. Meanwhile he brings an innovation: it all began in the same time. In a spread out in spiral form, the History evolves into steady returns: this sequence of stages Vico called Ideal Eternal History, pierced by courses and recurrences. The goal of the current research is to highlight that the heteronyms is the poetic synthesis of the Ideal Eternal History. As a basis of this study we have The New Science, the Italian authors masterpiece, which discusses about the myth as science of the archaic peoples and the axiom verum ipsum factum. It first addresses the time of Vico, his life and training in studies, to understand the opinion against Cartesian perspective. For that the Vicos theory is explained, it distinguishes four types of knowledge: Science, Consciousness, Universal Truths, and Historical Knowledge. It appears that the Neapolitan thinker had reasonable grounds to support their assertions, given that anticipated modern anthropology. From this observation we find in History a discipline which gives support in literary analysis. In spite of being an author of twentieth century, Pessoa is eternal in the ideal history of Literature and its immortality was made in the construction of poets who make up a whole humanity. Caeiro, Reis and Campos should not be read separately, but in the relationship between them because they constitute a unit that complements one another, in a cyclical unfolding that reproduces the evolution of the human consciousness. The parallel between the life of a subject of the human race and mankind itself is settles forming a poetic vision of the elements of the historical narrative. The archaic man possessed great power of senses and stout fantasy so being careful not to get carried away by crystallization we notice that the verses of Alberto Caeiro refer to concrete poetry as the language and thought of the first man who saw things with the dazzle of the first order. Ricardo Reis is the aristocracy to which corresponds the second age, the heroes, the solemnity of the epic spirit contained in Odes. Finally Álvaro de Campos is the poet of recurrences, of the barbarity and the age men of the epistolary Western civilization. It is concluded that the heteronyms as well as the three ages are a cycle in the sense that forms a sequence of courses and recurrences. Paradoxical as everything in Pessoa because we have a first, a second and a third that originate all together, simultaneously. The viconian\'s perspective confirms the heteronyms feature an apparent diversity but their world is in fact a uni-verse. We find also new possibilities to reading the poetry of heteronyms.

Este trabalho investiga a concepção de História do filósofo setentrista italiano Giambattista Vico. Ele baseia-se na leitura da principal obra de Vico, Scienza Nuova (1744), assim como na leitura de três outros livros do autor: Autobiografia, Il Metodo Degli Studi Del Tempo Nostro e Dell Antichissima Sapienza Italica. Nosso objetivo é descobrir e descrever o que Vico chamou de Historia Ideal Eterna, uma concepção renovada da História Humana. / This work investigates the Eighteenth Century Italian philosopher Giambattista Vicos conception of History. It is based on a reading of Vicos main work Scienza Nuova (1744), supported by a reading of three other books from the author: Autobiografia, Il Metodo Degli Studi Del Tempo Nostro and Dell Antichissima Sapienza Italica. Our aim is to discover and also describe what Vico called Ideal Eternal History, a renewed conception of Human History.

A afinidade significativa entre as reflexões de Giambattista Vico e a poesia de Fernando Pessoa são objeto dessa pesquisa pois há uma correlação entre o poeta criador de heterônimos e o pensador da História, filósofo da natureza humana. Vico resgatou dos antigos egípcios que a humanidade passou por três etapas de evolução: idade dos deuses, dos heróis e dos homens. Entretanto há uma inovação: tudo começou ao mesmo tempo. Em um desenrolar espiralizado, a História evolui em constantes retornos: a essa sequência de estágios Vico chamou de História Ideal Eterna, crivada pelos cursos e recorrências. O objetivo da atual pesquisa é evidenciar que os heterônimos representam a síntese poética da História Ideal Eterna. Como fundamento do estudo temos A Ciência Nova, obra-prima do autor italiano, a qual discursa a respeito do mito como a primeira forma de ciência dos povos arcaicos e sobre o axioma verum ipsun factum. Primeiramente se aborda a época de Vico, sua vida e a formação nos estudos, para se compreender a postura contrária à perspectiva cartesiana. Explana-se a teoria viconiana que distingue quatro tipos de conhecimento: Ciência, Consciência, Verdades Universais e Conhecimento Histórico. Constata-se que o pensador napolitano tinha fundamentos cabíveis para sustentar suas asserções, haja vista que antecipou a antropologia moderna. A partir dessa constatação percebe-se que encontramos na História uma disciplina de apoio na análise literária. Por outro lado, apesar de ser autor do século XX, Pessoa é eterno na história ideal da literatura e sua imortalidade fez-se na construção de poetas que perfazem uma humanidade inteira. Caeiro, Reis e Campos não devem ser lidos separadamente e sim na relação entre eles pois são unidade que se complementa em um desdobrar cíclico que reproduz a evolução da consciência humana. O paralelo entre a vida de um sujeito da raça humana e a própria humanidade se estabelece formando uma visão poética dos elementos da narrativa histórica. O homem arcaico possuía grande poder de sentidos e fantasia corpulenta, por isso tomando o cuidado para não se deixar levar por cristalizações nota-se que os versos de Caeiro remetem à poesia do concreto, como a linguagem e o pensamento dos primeiros homens que viam as coisas com o deslumbre da primeira vez. Reis é a aristocracia que corresponde à segunda idade, a dos heróis, da solenidade do espírito épico contido na Ode. Campos é o poeta das recorrências, da barbárie, da idade dos homens e da civilização ocidental. Concluise que os heterônimos assim como as três idades são um ciclo no sentido de que formam uma sequência de cursos e recorrências. Paradoxal como tudo em Pessoa porque temos um primeiro, um segundo e um terceiro que se originam todos juntos, concomitantemente. A perspectiva viconiana confirma que os heterônimos apresentam uma aparente diversidade porém o mundo deles constitui de fato um uni-verso. Encontram-se também novas possibilidades de leitura para a poesia dos heterônimos. / The significant affinity between the reflections of Giambattista Vico and the poetry of Fernando Pessoa is the object of this research because there is a relationship between the poet, the man who created heteronyms, and the other man who was the philosopher of History and Human Nature. Vico has reclaimed from the ancient Egyptians that the mankind went through three stages of evolution: the age of gods, age of heroes and the age of men. Meanwhile he brings an innovation: it all began in the same time. In a spread out in spiral form, the History evolves into steady returns: this sequence of stages Vico called Ideal Eternal History, pierced by courses and recurrences. The goal of the current research is to highlight that the heteronyms is the poetic synthesis of the Ideal Eternal History. As a basis of this study we have The New Science, the Italian authors masterpiece, which discusses about the myth as science of the archaic peoples and the axiom verum ipsum factum. It first addresses the time of Vico, his life and training in studies, to understand the opinion against Cartesian perspective. For that the Vicos theory is explained, it distinguishes four types of knowledge: Science, Consciousness, Universal Truths, and Historical Knowledge. It appears that the Neapolitan thinker had reasonable grounds to support their assertions, given that anticipated modern anthropology. From this observation we find in History a discipline which gives support in literary analysis. In spite of being an author of twentieth century, Pessoa is eternal in the ideal history of Literature and its immortality was made in the construction of poets who make up a whole humanity. Caeiro, Reis and Campos should not be read separately, but in the relationship between them because they constitute a unit that complements one another, in a cyclical unfolding that reproduces the evolution of the human consciousness. The parallel between the life of a subject of the human race and mankind itself is settles forming a poetic vision of the elements of the historical narrative. The archaic man possessed great power of senses and stout fantasy so being careful not to get carried away by crystallization we notice that the verses of Alberto Caeiro refer to concrete poetry as the language and thought of the first man who saw things with the dazzle of the first order. Ricardo Reis is the aristocracy to which corresponds the second age, the heroes, the solemnity of the epic spirit contained in Odes. Finally Álvaro de Campos is the poet of recurrences, of the barbarity and the age men of the epistolary Western civilization. It is concluded that the heteronyms as well as the three ages are a cycle in the sense that forms a sequence of courses and recurrences. Paradoxical as everything in Pessoa because we have a first, a second and a third that originate all together, simultaneously. The viconian\'s perspective confirms the heteronyms feature an apparent diversity but their world is in fact a uni-verse. We find also new possibilities to reading the poetry of heteronyms.