No description available.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Lake cores from Dry Lake, California and Crystal Lake, Illinois were analyzed to identify climate variability and characterize landscape response to glacial/deglacial climate transitions. Geochemical analysis of the Dry Lake sediment prior to the 8.2 kyr event revealed average values for percent total organic carbon to be 4% with a range of 0.2% to 15.2%. The average decreased to approximately 2.1% with a range of 0.4% to 5.3% during and after the event. Occluded phosphorus averaged 488 µg/g before the 8.2 kyr event and 547 µg/g after but was much lower during the event at 287 µg/g. These results were interpreted as an environment which began as warm, wet, and productive then quickly turned colder and drier during the 8.2 kyr event which resulted in a resetting of soil development. The higher temperatures returned after the 8.2 kyr event which allowed for continued soil development despite its drier climate. Previous research corroborated these conclusions. The Crystal Lake geochemical record was very different from Dry Lake. Percent total organic carbon averaged 6.7% with a range of 3.9% to 8.5% during the Younger Dryas but recorded a lower average before and after at 4.9% and 4.6% respectively. Occluded phosphorus acted similarly with a higher average during the cooling event, 2626 µg/g, and lower averages before and after, 1404 µg/g and 1461 µg/g, respectively. This was interpreted as continued productivity and soil development through the cold period which was attributed to a change in biomass.

No description available.

No abstract was provided. / Thesis / Bachelor of Arts (BA)

No description available.

No description available.

Deformation in southern Alaska is controlled by the accretion and partial subduction of the Yakutat terrane as margin-parallel motion transitions to subduction. Recent studies have shown that deformation in the St. Elias orogen, at the northern end of the terrane, accommodates a large portion of convergence, but deformation at the eastern and southern margins remains more poorly constrained. Rapid recent sedimentation (> 1cm/yr) and glacio-isostatic uplift rates (> 3 cm/yr) in the Fairweather corridor highlight short-term vertical deformation at the eastern margin; however, the relationship between these rates and long-term deformation is less well known. New low-temperature cooling ages are reported along the eastern flank of the St. Elias orogen, placing constraints on vertical deformation over the past few million years. Young cooling ages (< 3 Ma) occur in a broad zone, extending along the onshore length of the strike-slip Fairweather fault. These ages indicate that protracted convergence has been accommodated in the Fairweather corridor. Average (~1 mm/yr) and peak (~3 mm/yr) late Cenozoic exhumation rates are similar to rates to the north, and suggest that the orogen is actually boomerang-shaped in map view. If ~1 mm/yr exhumation has been steady, the onset of rapid exhumation is constrained to post-12 Ma, but likely occurred at 5 Ma with changes in climate and plate obliquity. Although cooling ages reveal no coherent regional pattern relative to known structures, they indicate the margin accommodates a significant component of pure shear and is slip-partitioned. The resolved magnitude of convergence in the Fairweather corridor also indicates that Yakutat terrane motion is rotated from Pacific plate motion, and likely requires significant slip on the Transition fault at the southern edge of the Yakutat terrane. Although million-year exhumation rates are rapid, they are slower than short-term rates related to deglaciation. / Master of Science

The influence of erosion on uplifting orogens has been demonstrated to be a primary force in landscape development. An understanding of fluvial erosion in mountain belts is fairly well documented, but the impact of glacial erosion is yet to be fully recognized. The uplift of the Chugach-St. Elias Mountains over the last 5-6 Ma under the influence of intense glaciation provides a unique setting to study the impact of glacial erosion on landscape development. The range has been built by rapid convergence (~5 cm/yr) of the Yakutat terrane with North America. Climatic forcing of northward-driven storms has created a disproportionate glacier distribution across strike, where extensive piedmont glaciers (low equilibrium line altitudes) cover the windward side of the range and small isolated glaciers (high equilibrium line altitudes) occupy the leeward side. If glacial erosion is greatest at the equilibrium line altitude, then glaciers will act as "buzzsaws" there to limit topographic development. Exhumation would therefore be expected to increase towards the coast. If glacial erosion is not dominant, exhumation would be expected to increase away from the coast towards the core of the range, where fault dip angles are high and deep crustal rocks are exposed. To determine the impact of long-term glacial erosion on exhumation of the Chugach-St. Elias Mountains, samples were collected along and across the strike of the range and analyzed by the apatite radiogenic helium (AHE) technique. Samples previously dated using the apatite fission track (AFT) method and located adjacent to our field area were also included in the analyses. The low-temperature sensitivity of these thermochronometers allows exhumation rates to be determined for shallow crustal depths. Both glacial and tectonic processes have influenced exhumation of the range. Exhumation rates increase to the south and east towards the collision zone, but coastal rates (0.36-2.5 mm/yr) are significantly higher than inland samples (0.038-0.24 mm/yr). These rates indicate that coastal glaciation plays a dominant role in landscape development and suggest that short-term erosion rates inferred from sediment yields are exaggerated. Although the exhumation rates are lower than expected, the correlation of exhumation patterns, glacier distribution, and equilibrium line altitude supports the "glacial buzzsaw hypothesis". / Master of Science

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1946 L5 / Master of Science

Glacial A União das Letras e das Artes est un supplément littéraire et culturel créé par Carlos Faria, un continental passionné par les îles açoriennes qui, pour des raisons professionnelles, voyageait entre les archipels de Madère, des Açores et du Cap-Vert, la Guinée portugaise et le Continent portugais. Publié dans A União, un quotidien de la ville d’Angra do Heroísmo (île Terceira, Açores), depuis juillet 1967, il s’est arrêté soudainement, en juin 1973, mais ressurgit, six mois plus tard, en tant que revue autonome, distribuée par la galerie d’art Degrau. Instaurant une nouvelle conjoncture politique et culturelle, la Révolution des Œillets déterminera la fin de ce Supplément, en 1974. Dans une région marquée par une tradition littéraire qui, depuis l’introduction de la presse, s’exprime fortement par le biais des revues, ainsi que des pages littéraires et culturelles des journaux locaux, Glacial a constitué l’un des moments culminants du processus d’affirmation de la littérature açorienne. Il a, en effet, fonctionné comme un centre d’attraction et de rayonnement des énergies créatrices des jeunes poètes et écrivains açoriens. La dualité intérieur/extérieur qui le traverse, traduite dans une pratique textuelle, à la fois attentive à l’Ailleurs et au référent açorien, en a fait un espace où se croisent les voix du dedans et du dehors, ouvrant ainsi ce Supplément à une Poétique de la Relation (E.Glissant). Imprégné d’un fort désir de transgression et d’une vision engagée de l’art et de la culture, Glacial s’est politisé de plus en plus, devenant une tribune de résistance à l’égard de la dictature imposée au Pays par le régime de l’Etat Nouveau. L’enjeu de cette thèse est de montrer comment, à travers une pratique textuelle fondée sur ces grands axes, Glacial a participé au processus d’autonomisation du champ littéraire açorien. / Glacial A União das Letras e das Artes is a literary and cultural supplement created by Carlos Faria, a mainlander passionate about the Azorean islands, who for professional reasons traveled around the archipelagos of Madeira, Azores and Cape Verde, Portuguese Guinea and the Portuguese mainland. Published since July 1967 as part of A União, a daily newspaper from the town of Angra do Heroísmo (Terceira Island, Azores), the Supplement suddenly stopped being published in June 1973 but resurfaced six months later as an independent magazine, distributed by the art galery Degrau. Establishing a new political and cultural environment, the Revolution of the Carnations determines the end of the Supplement in 1974. In a region marked by a literary tradition that, after the introduction of the press, strongly expresses itself by way of magazines as well as literary and cultural pages of the local newspapers, Glacial constituted one of the climactic moments in the process of affirmation of Azorean literature. In fact, Glacial functioned as a center of attraction and spreading of the creative energies of the young Azorean poets and writers. The duality interior/exterior that permeates the Supplement, reflected in a writing practice heeding to both the Elsewhere and the Azorean references, made it a crossing road for the voices of the inside and the outside, thus setting the Supplement in the framework of Glissant’s Poetics of Relation. Impregnated by a strong desire of transgression and by an engaged vision of art and culture, Glacial was more and more politicized and became a tribune for provocation aimed at the dictatorship imposed on the country by the New State regime. The objective of this thesis is to show how, through a writing practice based on these major axes, Glacial participated in the process of differentiation of the Azorean literary field.