O traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) constitui um dos principais problemas de saúde pública mundial e as suas características variam de acordo com a população envolvida, sendo de suma importância o conhecimento de dados demográficos da mesma para que sejam adotadas medidas de prevenção efetivas. Tivemos como objetivos a descrição de dados demográficos e tomográficos em pacientes vítimas de TCE e a correlação entre idade, sexo, escala de Glasgow e dados tomográficos com a mortalidade em curto prazo. Neste estudo transversal e prospectivo realizado em pacientes vítimas de TCE admitidos na Unidade de Emergência Dr. Armando Lages, Maceió, Alagoas, foram incluídos 623 pacientes para descrição dos dados demográficos e 451 pacientes, para a análise de correlação; realizada por meio da Análise de Correlação de Spearman e de análise multivariada através de regressão logística. Foi constatada uma razão masculino/feminino geral de 3,54: 1 e a faixa etária mais acometida foi a de 21 a 30 anos. Os principais mecanismos do trauma foram os acidentes relacionados com meio de transporte motorizado (35,15%), as quedas (32,59%) e as agressões com ou sem armas (22,79%). As alterações mais comuns no TCE leve foram o hematoma subgaleal e/ou palpebral (48,5%), as fraturas (28,3%) e as contusões cerebrais (12,2%). No TCE moderado, as alterações mais freqüentes foram o hematoma subgaleal/palpebral (68,9%), fraturas (43,2%), contusão cerebral (33,7%) e hemorragia subaracnóide (HSA) (28,4%). No TCE grave, as anormalidades mais comuns foram a a HSA (71,1%), o hematoma subgaleal e/ou palpebral (68,9%), as fraturas (64,4%), contusões cerebrais (53,3%) e edema difuso (53,3%). As variáveis relacionadas com a mortalidade, por meio da análise univariada, foram a pontuação 3 na escala de Glasgow, presença de anormalidades tomográficas, de hematoma subdural (HSD), de HSA, apagamento/assimetria de cisternas basais, desvio da linha média, edema difuso, hemorragia intraventricular (HIV), presença de projétil ou estilhaços de arma de fogo. As variáveis sexo, faixa etária e hematoma extradural não apresentaram correlação estatisticamente significante com mortalidade neste estudo. As variáveis preditoras de mortalidade, na análise multivariada, foram valores baixos na escala de Glasgow, presença de anormalidades tomográficas, desvio da linha média e edema difuso. Em conclusão, os pacientes vítimas de TCE apresentaram uma predominância do masculino, numa razão M/F média de 3,54: 1,da faixa etária entre 21 a 30 anos e as causas mais freqüentes de TCE foram a queda de altura, o atropelamento e a agressão física. As características tomográficas mais freqüentes nos grupos de TCE leve e moderado foram: o hematoma subgaleal e/ou palpebral, fratura óssea e contusão cerebral. No TCE grave as lesões mais freqüentes foram a HSA, o hematoma subgaleal e/ou palpebral, fratura óssea, contusão cerebral e edema difuso. Os fatores relacionados com maior mortalidade na análise univariada foram: baixa pontuação na escala de Glasgow, pontuação 3 na escala de Glasgow, presença de anormalidades tomográficas, presença de HSA, presença de HSD, apagamento/assimetria de cisternas basais, desvio linha média, edema difuso, HIV e presença de projétil ou estilhaços de arma de fogo. Na análise multivariada: baixa pontuação na escala de Glasgow, presença de anormalidades tomográficas, presença de desvio da linha média, presença de edema difuso. / The traumatic brain injury (THI) is a major public health concern worldwide. Preventive measures to tackle the problem can be taken after analyzing demographic data and the types of injury affecting the population at hand. Our aim was to outline the demographic and tomographic data from THI victims and determine how tomography findings, age, gender, and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) are associated to short-term mortality. The THI patients in this cross-sectional and prospective study had been admitted to the Armando Lages Emergency Care Unit in Maceió, Alagoas. The study comprised 623 patients, who had been clinically diagnosed with THI. A total of 451 patients were included in the investigation into the correlation of computer tomography, age, gender, GCS, and mortality. Both the Spearman Correlation Analysis, and logistic regression multivariate analysis were used. The overall male:female ratio was 3.54, with 78.01% of the victims male and 21.99% female. Most patients fell within the 21 to 30 age bracket. Traffic accidents (35.15%) were the leading cause of head injury, followed by falls (32.59%), and physical assault (22.79%). Tomographic abnormalities were seen in 63.7% of victims of mild THI, the most common being subgaleal and eyelid hematoma (48.5%), skull fractures (28.3%), and cerebral contusion (12.2%). Moderate THI produced tomographic abnormalities in 83.4% of victims, the most frequent being subgaleal and eyelid hematoma (68.9%), fractures (43.2%), cerebral contusion (33.7%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) (28.4%). Computer tomography of the skull showed alterations for all victims of severe THI, the most often being subgaleal and eyelid hematoma (68.9%), followed by SAH (71.1%), skull fractures (64.4%), cerebral contusion (53.3%), diffuse brain swelling (53.3%). Univariate analysis attested that a score 3 on the GCS, the presence of tomographic abnormalities, subdural hematoma (SDH), SAH, absent or compressed basal cisterns, midline shift, diffuse brain swelling, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), and the presence of a projectile or shell splinters had an statistically significant correlation with short-term mortality. In this study, gender, age group, and large extradural hematoma had no statistical significance as predictive factors for mortality. In a multivariate analysis, the variables that accounted for mortality were low GCS scores, the presence of tomographic abnormalities, midline shift, and diffuse brain swelling. It can be concluded that males were the predominant victims in THI cases, with the M:F ratio at 3.54. Most affected were individuals aged 21 to 30, and the most common causes of THI were falls, being run over by a vehicle, and physical assault. The most frequent tomographic characteristics in the mild and moderate THI cases were subgaleal and/or eyelid hematoma, skull fracture and cerebral contusion. The most common injuries in severe THI patients were subgaleal and/or eyelid hematoma, SAH, skull fracture, cerebral contusion, and diffuse brain swelling. The factors most closely linked to higher mortality after univariate analysis were low GCS scoring, a score 3 on the GCS, the presence of tomographic abnormalities, the presence of SAH, the presence of SDH, absent or compressed basal cisterns, midline shift, diffuse brain swelling, IVH, and the presence of a projectile or shell splinters. After multivariate analysis: low scoring on the GCS and the presence of tomographic abnormalities, midline shift, and diffuse brain swelling.

Objectifs : Mesurer le niveau de handicap perceptif secondaire à une surdité unilatérale par approches psychoacoustique, questionnaires de qualité de vie et IRMf. Ce travail repose sur deux études qui étudient un lien entre : 1) les performances psychoacoustiques et le ressenti de qualité de vie et 2) les performances psychoacoustiques et le niveau de réorganisation centrale. Matériels et méthodes : Pour l'étude 1, 49 sujets adultes présentant une surdité unilatérale (UHL) et 11 contrôles ont été recrutés. Ils ont été évalués en psychoacoustique par le test FrMatrix en champ libre et dans trois conditions et ont répondu aux questionnaires de qualité de vie le Speech, Spatial and Quality of Hearing Scale (SSQ) et le Glasgow Health Status Inventory (GHSI). Pour l'étude 2, 15 sujets UHL et 15 contrôles ont été recrutés. Outre les tests psychoacoustiques de l'étude 1, les sujets ont écouté activement des sons naturels en IRMf. Résultats : L'étude 1 retrouve une corrélation significative (rho = 0.38) entre le score global au SSQ et le test FrMatrix lorsque le signal est envoyé à l'oreille déficiente et le bruit à l'oreille saine (condition dichotique). L'étude 2 démontre une corrélation significative entre le niveau de réorganisation et le FrMatrix (rho = 0.66) en condition dichotique. Conclusion : La surdité unilatérale engendre un niveau de réorganisation corticale qui s'accompagne d'une baisse significative des performances psychoacoustiques et de la qualité de vie. Ce travail souligne donc la nécessité d'une prise en charge thérapeutique des sujets présentant une surdité unilatérale. / Objectives: We evaluated the consequences of unilateral hearing loss (UHL) for speech recognition in spatially separated competing noise, quality of life and brain activity via fMRI. In the first study we investigated the relationship between speech recognition and quality of life (Study 1), and in the second between speech recognition and the reorganization of brain activity. Materials and methods: In the first study 49 UHL subjects and 11 controls were recruited. Speech recognition in three speech and noise configurations was assessed with the FrMatrix test and quality of life with the Speech Spatial and Quality of Hearing Scale (SSQ) and the Glasgow Health Status Inventory. In the second study, 14 UHL and 14 matched controls were recruited. They underwent the same speech recognition testing as in the first study and also participated in a fMRI experiment that involved actively listening to naturals sounds. Results: The first study showed a significant correlation (r = 0.38) between SSQ scores and speech recognition where the competing noise was send to the better ear and the noise contralaterally (dichotic). The second study showed a significant correlation (r = 0.66) between speech recognition scores (dichotic listening situation)and brain reorganization. Conclusion: Unilateral hearing loss induces brain reorganization that significantly correlates with deficits in speech recognition in noise and overall quality of life. This work highlights the need for greater attention to improve the understanding and rehabilitation of unilateral hearing loss.

This study explores the option of stimulating cycling activity as part of the strife of the modern city towards adopting the principles of sustainable development in order to shape the everyday habits of its inhabitants. The case of the city of Glasgow was chosen as an appropriate example of the potential obstacles and benefits which the implementation of cycling policies is attributed with. The Scottish city’s cycling agenda was analysed and interpreted in light of a broader international context by offering similar instances. This paper is divided into two main parts. The first one focuses on reviewing and assessing the key aspects of Glasgow’s Strategic Plan for Cycling 2016 - 2025 and questions its applicability/capability on achieving the cycling rates (10% of all journeys) stipulated by the Scottish government. This is done via a literature review and supplementary interviews by local experts and suggests that there is a strong correlation between cycling levels and governmental/ local council policies while also indicating that historical, cultural or climate-related tendencies do not have such a strong influence. The paper identifies Glasgow’s cycling plan as inclusive and contributing to the evolution of urban planning towards sustainability. Additionally, it is established that the plan creates liaisons between the state, the private sector and civil society (in the form of NGOs and local community groups as well as individuals), which has led to lasting partnerships based on the collaborative planning and execution of projects. Lastly, the analysis implies that Glasgow’s plan for cycling distinguishes deftly between applying soft or/and hard measures according to the needs of the local residents, in particular, the local users. The second part of the paper investigates the successes and shortcomings of Glasgow’s Strategic Plan for Cycling 2016 - 2025 when it comes to the case of the South City Way Development Project by drawing links from the prior analysis and additional primary data sources. The thesis suggests that the main difficulties associated with the project would stem from the inconsistent cooperation with local community groups, the lack of opportunities for citizen participation and to a lesser degree the insufficient amount of supporting cycling infrastructure (cycle parking). Cycling-related policies have proven to be able to play a significant role in achieving sustainable urban development. Glasgow City Council’s cycling plan underlines the importance of combining governmental standards, environmental needs and communal necessities but at the same time fails to implement them in practice in order to achieve the fundamental shift in behaviour set as a target by the Scottish government. Sidelining the essential partnership and cooperation with local stakeholders as well as community involvement would likely bring about fractured public support, limited outreach and thus diminished results. Having pooled considerable financial and human resources into creating the 2016 -2025 Strategic Plan for Cycling, the paper suggests that Glasgow City Council has to follow its guidelines strictly in order to lead its community towards sustainability.

This thesis examines the early works of the Scottish novelist, playwright, would-be screenwriter, commentator and political agitator, James Barke, to argue that he was a more significant figure on the Scottish literary scene than his place in the canon would suggest. The purpose in so doing is to suggest that his writing was symptomatic of a modernisation in Scottish society and letters during the 1930s. In prosecuting this endeavour, the research considers four aspects of the author's early output: the political dimension; his aesthetic sensibilities; the impact and representation of the city; and finally the part played by the experience and influence of the cinema. Equally, it is argued that these novels are emblematic of both the author's own migration from country to city and the longer-term transformation of Scotland's demography from largely rural-dwelling to largely urban-dwelling. The theoretical method engages with a Marxist critique and anchors Barke's early novels to his constantly evolving political commitment which tracks, but does not entirely subscribe to, the development of a broad range of Leftist ideologies of the era. The jump-off point and principal underpinning of the research is an appreciation of James Barke's Major Operation (1936) as a Scottish novel of significance for its literary innovation, approach to, and rendering of, Scottish urban modernity. In the thoroughgoing 2002 analysis of the field in Scottish Literature edited by Douglas Gifford, Major Operation is identified as one of the Scottish novels 'extending its perspective of ironic social realism to the city' and a novel that 'had no time for non-political and non-economic considerations.' This thesis contends that this is to diminish the scope of Major Operation's engagement with innovative forms and considerations of the dichotomies that comprise the modern city. I argue that, inspired by the stylistic achievements of James Joyce, in many respects Ulysses and Major Operation are contiguous, each author concerned with a ‘peripheral’ city in an Empire, each coloured by its national tradition, residual parochial features, idiolect and political situation. In a bold literary form, Barke's novel celebrates and critiques Glasgow in a manner unsurpassed in Scottish letters, his approach to modern urban Scotland in his early novels being a uniquely informed and cosmopolitan one.

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In this study, we use a nonparametric technique, locally weighted robust least squares regression (LOESS), to forecast a 24 hour demand profile at the household level and compare it to existing aggregate demand models discussed in literature. Of these aggregate demand models, a quadratic autoregressive model was selected to be used as a basis for comparison with the LOESS forecasts. It was our goal to automate the forecasting process by using the goodness of fit metric, AICCI, for smoothing parameter selection. The statistical workflow was executed using SAS and data was provided by the Glasgow Electric Plant Board of Barren County, Kentucky. Results show that LOESS outperformed the autoregressive model in roughly 80% of all cases and than using LOESS alone or as part of an ensemble model is a feasible approach to automating future household demand profile for the purpose of generating different levels of power demand profile aggregation as needed by Glasgow Electronic Plant Board.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Tulsa, 1990. / Bibliography: leaves 169-178.

Thesis (D.W.S.)--Institute for Worship Studies, 2007. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 292-300).

Thesis (D.W.S.)--Institute for Worship Studies, 2007. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 292-300).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1956. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 304-314).