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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Characterization of NG2+ macrophage in glaucoma : an investigation focusing on its origin and potential roles in ischemic retina

Feng, Qian, 馮茜 January 2014 (has links)
Macrophage manipulation as immunomodulatory intervention in glaucoma, a leading cause to blindness characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss, has been proposed as a promising strategy to protect RGCs from dying. Three types of macrophage in damaged retinas, microglia-derived macrophage, monocyte-derived macrophage and perivascular macrophage, together consist a highly heterogeneous population with both beneficial and detrimental functions partly resulted from their distinct origins. NG2 (Nerve/glial antigen 2) positive macrophage, a subtype of macrophage, has been considered to fulfill specific functions with neuroprotective and neurogenic potentials. Whether NG2+ macrophage can be a possible target for treatment in glaucoma is unknown. Basic information of this subtype of macrophage in ischemic retinas of a mouse glaucomatous model called acute ocular hypertension (AOH) model was obtained in this study to answer three questions. First, do NG2+ macrophage exist in mouse retina, if so, what do they like? In normal mouse retinas, NG2+ macrophage did not exist. After AOH, NG2 could be induced on macrophage. And they are unevenly distributed in the whole retina while reside in the ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer or inner nuclear layer. Moreover, NG2+ macrophage all contained two nuclei with typical amoeboid-like morphologies of macrophage in activation state except the rounded type. Secondly, are they associated with the surrounding cells, if so, how? Close association of RGCs and Müller cells with NG2+ macrophage was found due to their co-localization. To know how they functioned, potential roles regarding its proliferating and phagocytic abilities were revealed by its co-localization with proliferating and phagocytic markers. However, unlike NG2+ macrophage in ischemic brain, NG2+ macrophage in ischemic retina did not express neurotrophic factors while some of them were found to express interlukin-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Possible neurogenic potential was also observed by its co-localization with Nestin, a neural stem cell marker. Thirdly, where do they come from? To know their origins, bone marrow chimeras combined with specific markers were used to distinguish microglia-derived macrophage, monocyte-derived macrophage and perivascular macrophage. And it was found that majority of NG2+ macrophage was originated from resident microglia, rather than monocyte-derived macrophage or perivascular macrophage. Taken together, the present study showed the basic profile of a subtype of macrophage in a mouse model of glaucoma, more accurately, NG2+ macrophage in AOH mouse retinas. NG2 expression was induced mostly in resident microglia in AOH retina as a proliferating population with phagocytic, anti-inflammatory functions, and possible neurogenic potentials. Therefore, NG2+ macrophage may be a potential candidate target for treatment of glaucoma. / published_or_final_version / Anatomy / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy
12

The monocular trial does response to glaucoma therapy in one eye predict response in the fellow eye? /

Chaudhary, Omar Rehman. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (M.D.)--Yale University, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.
13

Ultrastructural basis of steroid-induced ocular hypertension

Lee, Yan-yee, Jacinta. January 2010 (has links)
Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 171-181). Also available in print.
14

Efeitos do maleato de timolol, do levobunolol e da apraclonidina sobre a pressão intra-ocular, o diâmetro pupilar, a frequência cardíaca e a pressão sanguínea em cães da raça Beagle /

Martinez Pádua, Ivan Ricardo. January 2010 (has links)
Orientador: José Luiz Laus / Banca: Alexandre Lima de Andrade / Banca: Cristiane dos Santos Honsho / Resumo: Considerando-se que o glaucoma é a principal causa de perda da visão no homem e nos animais, e que o seu manejo clínico é a forma mais empregada para se controlar a síndrome, estudos comparativos que avaliem a eficácia de agentes hipotensores oculares constituem tema atual. Assim, foram avaliados os efeitos do timolol 0,5%, do levobunolol 0,5% e da apraclonidina 0,5% sobre a pressão intraocular (PIO), o diâmetro pupilar (DP), a frequência cardíaca (FC) e a pressão arterial sanguínea sistólica (PS) em cães clinicamente normais. Para tanto, 10 cães machos foram previamente condicionados aos procedimentos a que seriam submetidos, durante três dias. No dia zero, a PIO, o DP, a FC e a PS foram avaliados em três momentos (manhã, tarde e noite), para a avaliação dos valores basais. Os fármacos foram testados separadamente, a intervalos de sete dias, para que os efeitos de um não interferissem com os dos demais. Durante 15 dias consecutivos, um olho de cada animal recebia uma gota de timolol 0,5% ou de levobunolol 0,5% ou de apraclonidina 0,5% a intervalos de 12 horas (7 e 19 horas). Os parâmetros foram mensurados às 8, 13 e às 20 horas, ao 3º, 6º, 9º, 12º viii e 15º dias. Os dados foram comparados estatiscamente, empregando-se o Teste de Bonferroni, após Análise de Variância para Medidas Repetidas (p<0,05). Alterações da PIO não foram observadas após o uso dos fármacos testados. Por sua vez, com o uso do timolol, não foram observadas alterações significativas no DP nos momentos avaliados. Entretanto, foi observada redução significativa do DP na quase totalidade dos animais que receberam levobunol. Em relação ao período basal, observou-se elevação do DP apenas ao 3º dia de avaliação, após o uso de apraclonidina. Quanto à PS, apenas a apraclonidina interferiu com o parâmetro, reduzido-o de maneira significativa em todos os períodos avaliados em cães... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Not available / Mestre
15

A clinical and molecular study of Nail patella syndrome

Sweeney, Elizabeth January 2002 (has links)
No description available.
16

Importancia del test de sobrecarga hídrica en pacientes con glaucoma crónico. HNGAI, mayo a junio del 2017

La Rosa Cárdenas, Ángel Augusto January 2017 (has links)
El documento digital no refiere un asesor / Evalúa la importancia y aplicabilidad del test de sobrecarga hídrica en el tratamiento y manejo del glaucoma crónico. Veintitrés pacientes con diagnóstico de glaucoma crónico son captados para este estudio prospectivo. El test de sobrecarga hídrica es realizado y se analiza los picos y fluctuaciones de la presión intraocular (PIO). Las fluctuaciones en los pacientes con glaucoma crónico usuarios de timolol y dorzolamida (8.34mmHg) son mucho más altas que los pacientes con glaucoma crónico usuarios de latanoprost (5.72mmHg). Las fluctuaciones de la PIO en respuesta al test de sobrecarga hídrica son más bajas en los pacientes usuarios de Latanoprost que en los pacientes usuarios de timolol y dorzolamida. Este tipo de test puede representar un beneficio adicional en el manejo de pacientes con glaucoma especialmente por detectar picos altos y fluctuaciones de la PIO a pesar de que la PIO media se mantenga reducida. Además, ser de mucha ayuda como un método suplementario en el monitoreo de la PIO en la práctica clínica. / Trabajo académico
17

The characterization of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in normal, high-tension and normal-tension glaucoma using optical coherence tomography

Mok, Kwok-hei. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.
18

Influencia da idade, espessura central da cornea e do indice de qualidade na tonometria de contorno dinamico / Influence of age, central corneal thickness, and quality score on dynamic contour tonometry

Silva, Marcelo Jordão Lopes da 12 July 2009 (has links)
Orientador: Vital Paulino Costa / Tese (doutorado)- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T22:24:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_MarceloJordaoLopesda_D.pdf: 4720767 bytes, checksum: e65a7faa1b4b7b160cef41acf6f4b989 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Os objetivos deste trabalho são comparar a pressão intra-ocular (PIO), medida com tonometria de contorno dinâmica (TCD) e tonometria de aplanação de Goldmann (TAG), analisar a influência da espessura central da córnea (ECC) e idade, em ambas as medições, bem como a influência do índice de qualidade sobre as leituras da TCD. Foram avaliados 500 indivíduos saudáveis (1000 olhos), sem história prévia de glaucoma ou hipertensão ocular (idade: 7 a 86 anos) recrutados consecutivamente. TAG, TCD e ECC foram obtidos de ambos os olhos de cada indivíduo, nessa ordem, por três observadores. A média de cinco medidas da ECC foi utilizada para análise. As medições da TCD foram aceitas quando o escore de qualidade variou entre 1 (qualidade superior) e 3 (menor qualidade). A média das PIOs obtidas com TCD foram superiores em 3,2 mmHg às medições com TAG. A análise de Bland-Altmann revelou má concordância entre as leituras de TCD e TAG, com intervalos de confiança de 95% de ± 6,98 mmHg. Os valores da ECC variaram entre 449 e 653 µm. As PIOs medidas com TAG mostraram-se fortemente correlacionadas à ECC (r? = 0,28, p <0,001), enquanto as PIOs obtidas com TCD apresentaram fraca correlação com a ECC (r2 = 0,01, p = 0,017). Tanto as medidas de TCD (r2 <0,01, p = 0,044) quanto as obtidas com TAG (r2 = 0,01, p <0,001) apresentaram fraca correlação com a idade. Os escores de qualidade das medidas de TCD foram 1 (n = 369, 36,9%), 2 (n = 340, 34,0%) e 3 (n = 291, 29,1%). As leituras de medida com TCD com escore de qualidade 3 (18,8 ± 3,4 mmHg) foram significativamente maiores do que aquelas com escore 1 (16,7 ± 2,9 mmHg) e 2 (17,4 ± 2,9 mmHg) (p <0,001). Concluiu-se que a medida com TCD não é influenciada pela ECC, ao contrário daquela com TAG. As medidas de PIO tomadas com TCD e com TAG não são influenciados pela idade. Finalmente, medidas de TCD com qualidade inferior apresentam valores maiores que as de qualidade superior. / Abstract: The purposes of this study are to compare the IOP measurements obtained with dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), and to analyze the influence of central corneal thickness (CCT) and age on both measurements, and the influence of the quality score on DCT readings. 500 healthy subjects with no previous history of glaucoma or ocular hypertension (ages: 7 to 86 years old) were consecutively recruited. GAT (Haag Streit R900, Switzerland), DCT (SMT Swiss Micro Technology, Switzerland), and CCT (Sonomed Micropach 200P+, USA) measurements were obtained from both eyes of each individual, in this order, by three observers. The mean of five CCT measurements was used for analysis. DCT measurements were accepted when quality scores varied between 1 (higher quality) and 3 (lower quality). In our series, the mean DCT measurements were 3.2 mmHg higher than GAT readings. CCT values varied between 449 and 653 µm. IOP measured by GAT correlated strongly with CCT (r2=0.28, p<0.001), whereas DCT readings correlated poorly with CCT (r2=0.01, p=0.017). Both DCT (r2<0.01, p=0.044) and GAT (r2=0.01, p<0.001) measurements correlated poorly with age. Bland-Altmann analysis revealed disagreement between DCT and GAT readings, with 95% confidence intervals of ± 6.98 mmHg. Quality scores for DCT measurements were 1 (n=369, 36.9%), 2 (n=340, 34.0%) and 3 (n=291, 29.1%). DCT readings with quality score of 3 (18.77±3.35 mmHg) were significantly higher than those with quality scores of 1 (16.61±2.91 mmHg) and 2 (17.44±2.93 mmHg) (p<0.001). In conclusion, DCT is not influenced by CCT, unlike GAT. Both DCT and GAT measurements are not influenced by age. DCT measurements with lower quality scores are associated with higher readings. / Doutorado / Doutor em Ciências Médicas
19

Clinical and cost effectiveness analysis of combined non-penetrating deep sclerectomy and phacoemulsification to combined trabeculectomyand phacoemulsification in the treatment of chronic angle closureglaucoma with cataract

袁淑賢, Yuen, Shi-yin, Nancy. January 2008 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Community Medicine / Master / Master of Public Health
20

Ultrastructural basis of steroid-induced ocular hypertension

Lee, Yan-yee, Jacinta., 李茵怡. January 2010 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Anatomy / Master / Master of Philosophy

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