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Representações de gênero e etnia em Amada, de Toni Morrison, e Ninguém para me acompanhar, de Nadine GordimerSilva, Danielle de Luna e January 2007 (has links)
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literaturas, 2007. / Submitted by wesley oliveira leite (leite.wesley@yahoo.com.br) on 2009-12-08T17:34:19Z
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Previous issue date: 2007 / Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma leitura comparada entre duas obras literárias escritas por mulheres em fins do século XX: Amada, da afro-americana Toni Morrison, e Ninguém para me acompanhar, da sul-africana Nadine Gordimer. Os pressupostos teóricos que fundamentaram nossa análise consistem nos estudos sobre pós-colonialismo e literatura de Homi Bhabha, Terry Eagleton, Stuart Hall, Ashcroft, Grifiths & Tiffin e Edward Said. Acerca de questões de gênero e etnia, utilizamos os trabalhos de Elaine Showalter, Barbara Christian, Mae Gwendolyn Henderson, bell hooks, Hazel Carby, Kari Winter, Deborah White, Angela Davis, Paul Gilroy, entre outros. Procuramos identificar e analisar as similaridades e diferenças nas representações de gênero e etnia nas duas obras, além de relacioná-las a outros aspectos pertinentes à nossa pesquisa, tais como diáspora, pós-colonialismo e literatura comparada. Tanto Amada quanto NPMA encenam uma tentativa de superação de diversos obstáculos comuns às duas protagonistas, relacionados à desconstrução de um passado colonial e racista. O pertencimento ao mesmo gênero fez com que as duas heroínas enfrentassem desafios semelhantes no que tange à luta contra o sexismo e a subversão da ordem patriarcal. Dessa forma, podemos afirmar que elas compartilham da necessidade de libertação, transformação e reconstrução de suas identidades e vidas, assim como do desejo de desfazer-se de um passado terrível. Contudo, é inegável que as estratégias de subversão e transgressão utilizadas por essas duas mulheres são profundamente marcadas pela diferença étnica entre as protagonistas, diferença que, igualmente, determinou a maneira como foram afetadas pelo horror do racismo. _____________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / This research aimed at comparing two novels written by female writers in the end of the twentieth century: Beloved, by the Afro-American writer Toni Morrison and None to accompany me, by the South-African artist Nadine Gordimer. Our theoretical framework consists of the studies on post-colonialism and literature by Homi Bhabha, Terry Eagleton, Stuart Hall, Ashcroft, Grifiths & Tiffin and Edward Said. Concerning gender and ethnicity, the studies developed by Elaine Showalter, Barbara Christian, Mae Gwendolyn Henderson, bell hooks, Hazel Carby, Kari Winter, Deborah White, Angela Davis, Paul Gilroy, among others, were essential to our analysis We tried to identify and analyze the similarities and differences in the representations of gender and ethnicity in the two narratives, as well as relate them to other relevant aspects to our study, such as diaspora, post-colonialism and compared literature. Both Beloved and None to accompany me depict an attempt to overcome several obstacles faced by the two protagonists related to the deconstruction of a colonial and racist past. Belonging to the same gender, both heroines faced similar challenges concerning the struggle against sexism and subversion of the patriarchal order. Thus, we can affirm that they share the need to transform and reconstruct their lives and identities, as well as the desire to undo a terrible past. However, it is undeniable that the strategies of subversion and transgression employed by these women are deeply marked by the difference in their ethnic groups, a difference that determined the way they were affected by the horror of racism.
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Corps noir et intersubjectivité chez Beyala, Gordimer et MorrisonJean-Louis, Lorrie January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Cette étude porte sur le corps noir et l'intersubjectivité dans Ceux de July de Nadine Gordimer (1981), Tar Baby de Toni Morrison (1981) et Tu t'appelleras Tanga de Calixthe Beyala (1988). Dans chacun des récits, la représentation du corps noir est le pivot des relations qui unit les personnages noirs et blancs. L'évolution des différentes trames narratives dépend de la réinscription permanente de la figure du Noir dans les rapports intersubjectifs entre les Noirs et Blancs. Le premier objectif de ce mémoire de maîtrise est donc d'exposer la mise en scène littéraire de cette figure, avant tout, discursive, à travers les déplacements poétiques qu'effectue chacune des auteures. Cette analyse se fait principalement à partir de trois approches: organique, narratologique et sémiologique. Elle met aussi à contribution certaines notions relatives à la subjectivité dans l'énonciation. D'une part, cette analyse illustre les moyens par lesquels les personnages parviennent à construire des dichotomies qui, de prime abord, sont présentées comme étant indépassables à travers une série d'espaces où les différences sont démultipliées. D'autre part, ce travail de mémoire cherche à rendre compte de la nature intimement fictionnelle et sociale des corps, tout en démontrant une différence notoire de l'articulation du corps noir constamment chargé d'un « poids » métaphorique péjoratif qui efface le sujet. À travers leur écriture, les trois auteures parviennent à mettre en évidence les lieux communs de la représentation du corps noir, tout en réinscrivant ces derniers dans une polysémie déroutante et éclairante sur les communautés de sens qui enferment ou qui ouvrent les sujets sur eux-mêmes et sur les autres. En ce sens, les trois microcosmes déconstruisent -chacun dans son contexte respectif -la représentation du Noir. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Figure du Noir, Corporéité, Intersubjectivité, Stéréotype, Altérité, Roman, Mythe.
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