This research examined the language used by higher education development professionals, specifically similar and dissimilar tropes and how they shape the perception of those development professionals. By studying these linguistic devices, insight is provided into this particular occupation and the effects these devices have on perceptions and interpretation. The findings in this study could help to produce more skilled communicators in the field and could be used as a framework to study other professional positions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather data from twelve participants, and the data was then analyzed through thematic analysis. Findings revealed the types of metaphors used by higher education fundraisers and if and how they shaped their perceptions of the profession. Findings also showed what contradictions, paradoxes, and ironies are found in the field and if and how they shaped perceptions of the profession. This study applies theoretical aspects of organizational communication to the field of higher education development presenting new data. This study also provides practical implications for those currently in the field to consider.

SOUSA, Flávio Rubens de Carvalho. RepliX: Um mecanismo para a replicação de dados XML. 2007. 77 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências, Departamento de Computação, Fortaleza-CE, 2007. / Submitted by guaracy araujo (guaraa3355@gmail.com) on 2016-06-29T17:20:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_frcsousa.pdf: 4193448 bytes, checksum: 9f20d4c36e05e635c6fe3b3114e2228c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by guaracy araujo (guaraa3355@gmail.com) on 2016-06-29T17:21:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_frcsousa.pdf: 4193448 bytes, checksum: 9f20d4c36e05e635c6fe3b3114e2228c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-29T17:21:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_frcsousa.pdf: 4193448 bytes, checksum: 9f20d4c36e05e635c6fe3b3114e2228c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / XML tem se tornado um padrão amplamente utilizado na representação e troca de dados em aplicações. Devido a essa crescente utilização do XML, torna-se necessária a existência de sistemas eficientes de armazenamento e recuperação de dados XML. Estão sendo desenvolvidos para este fim Bancos de Dados XML Nativos (BDXNs). Estes bancos implementam muitas das características presentes em Bancos de Dados tradicionais, tais como armazenamento, indexação, processamento de consultas, transações e replicação. Tratando-se especificamente de replicação, a maioria das soluções existentes resolve essa questão apenas utilizando técnicas tradicionais. Todavia, a exibilidade dos dados XML impõe novos desafios, de modo que novas técnicas de replicação devem ser desenvolvidas. Para melhorar o desempenho e a disponibilidade dos BDXNs, esta dissertação propõe o RepliX, um mecanismo para replicação de dados XML que considera as principais características desses dados. Dessa forma, é possível melhorar o tempo de resposta no processamento de consultas e tornar esses sistemas mais tolerantes a falhas. Dentre vários tipos de protocolos de replicação, a utilização da abstração de comunicação em grupos como estratégia de comunicação e detecção de falhas mostrase uma solução eficaz, visto que essa abstração possui técnicas eficientes para troca de mensagens e provê garantias de confiabilidade. Essa estratégia é utilizada no RepliX, que organiza os sites em dois grupos: de atualização e de leitura, permitindo assim balanceamento de carga entre os sites, além de tornar o sistema menos sensível a falhas, já que não há um ponto de falha único em cada grupo. Para validar o RepliX, uma nova camada de replicação foi implementada em um BDXN, a _m de introduzir as características e os comportamentos descritos no mecanismo proposto. Experimentos foram feitos usando essa camada e os resultados obtidos atestam a sua eficácia considerando diferentes aspectos de um banco de dados replicado, melhorando o desempenho desses banco de dados consideravelmente bem como sua disponibilidade. / XML has become a widely used standard for data representation and exchange in applications. The growing usage of XML creates a need for e cient storage and recovery systems for XML data. Native XML DBs (NXDBs) are being developed to target this demand. NXDBs implement many characteristics that are common to traditional DBs, such as storage, indexing, query processing, transactions and replication. Most existing solutions solve the replication issue through traditional techniques. However, the exibility of XML data imposes new challenges, so new replication techniques ought to be developed. To improve the performance and availability of NXDBs, this thesis proposes RepliX, a mechanism for XML data replication that takes into account the main characteristics of this data type, making it possible to reduce the response time in query processing and improving the fault-tolerance property of such systems. Although there are several replication protocols, using the group communication abstraction for communication and fault detection has proven to be a good solution, since this abstraction provides e cient message exchanging techniques and con ability guarantees. RepliX uses this strategy, organizing the sites into an update group and a read-only group in such a way that allows for the use of load balancing among the sites, and makes the system less susceptible to faults, since there is no single point of failure in each group. In order to evaluate RepliX, a new replication layer was implemented on top of an existing NXDB to introduce the characteristics of the proposed mechanism. Several experiments using this layer were conducted, and their results con rm the mechanism's e ciency considering the di erent aspects of a replicated database, improving its performance considerably, as well as its availability.

SOUSA, Flávio Rubens de Carvalho Sousa. RepliX: Um mecanismo para a replicação de dados XML. 2007. 91 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em ciência da computação)- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 2007. / Submitted by Elineudson Ribeiro (elineudsonr@gmail.com) on 2016-07-11T15:34:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_frcsousa.pdf: 4193448 bytes, checksum: 9f20d4c36e05e635c6fe3b3114e2228c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rocilda Sales (rocilda@ufc.br) on 2016-07-15T15:37:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_frcsousa.pdf: 4193448 bytes, checksum: 9f20d4c36e05e635c6fe3b3114e2228c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-15T15:37:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_frcsousa.pdf: 4193448 bytes, checksum: 9f20d4c36e05e635c6fe3b3114e2228c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / XML has become a widely used standard for data representation and exchange in applications. The growing usage of XML creates a need for e cient storage and recovery systems for XML data. Native XML DBs (NXDBs) are being developed to target this demand. NXDBs implement many characteristics that are common to traditional DBs, such as storage, indexing, query processing, transactions and replication. Most existing solutions solve the replication issue through traditional techniques. However, the exibility of XML data imposes new challenges, so new replication techniques ought to be developed. To improve the performance and availability of NXDBs, this thesis proposes RepliX, a mechanism for XML data replication that takes into account the main characteristics of this data type, making it possible to reduce the response time in query processing and improving the fault-tolerance property of such systems. Although there are several replication protocols, using the group communication abstraction for communication and fault detection has proven to be a good solution, since this abstraction provides e cient message exchanging techniques and con ability guarantees. RepliX uses this strategy, organizing the sites into an update group and a read-only group in such a way that allows for the use of load balancing among the sites, and makes the system less susceptible to faults, since there is no single point of failure in each group. In order to evaluate RepliX, a new replication layer was implemented on top of an existing NXDB to introduce the characteristics of the proposed mechanism. Several experiments using this layer were conducted, and their results con rm the mechanism's e ciency considering the di erent aspects of a replicated database, improving its performance considerably, as well as its availability. / XML tem se tornado um padrão amplamente utilizado na representação e troca de dados em aplicações. Devido a essa crescente utilização do XML, torna-se necessária a existência de sistemas eficientes de armazenamento e recuperação de dados XML. Estão sendo desenvolvidos para este fim Bancos de Dados XML Nativos (BDXNs). Estes bancos implementam muitas das características presentes em Bancos de Dados tradicionais, tais como armazenamento, indexação, processamento de consultas, transações e replicação. Tratando-se especificamente de replicação, a maioria das soluções existentes resolve essa questão apenas utilizando técnicas tradicionais. Todavia, a exibilidade dos dados XML impõe novos desafios, de modo que novas técnicas de replicação devem ser desenvolvidas. Para melhorar o desempenho e a disponibilidade dos BDXNs, esta dissertação propõe o RepliX, um mecanismo para replicação de dados XML que considera as principais características desses dados. Dessa forma, é possível melhorar o tempo de resposta no processamento de consultas e tornar esses sistemas mais tolerantes a falhas. Dentre vários tipos de protocolos de replicação, a utilização da abstração de comunicação em grupos como estratégia de comunicação e detecção de falhas mostrase uma solução eficaz, visto que essa abstração possui técnicas eficientes para troca de mensagens e provê garantias de confiabilidade. Essa estratégia é utilizada no RepliX, que organiza os sites em dois grupos: de atualização e de leitura, permitindo assim balanceamento de carga entre os sites, além de tornar o sistema menos sensível a falhas, já que não há um ponto de falha único em cada grupo. Para validar o RepliX, uma nova camada de replicação foi implementada em um BDXN, a _m de introduzir as características e os comportamentos descritos no mecanismo proposto. Experimentos foram feitos usando essa camada e os resultados obtidos atestam a sua eficácia considerando diferentes aspectos de um banco de dados replicado, melhorando o desempenho desses banco de dados consideravelmente bem como sua disponibilidade.

abstract: Research suggests that a particularly important variable in determining success in public participation is the presence of a facilitator. Data from a study of 239 public participation case studies is analyzed using descriptive and statistical analysis to determine the impact on success of the participation efforts if a facilitator is present and whether or not internal versus external facilitators have a significant impact on success. The data suggest that facilitators have a positive impact on the success of public participation efforts and, in particular, that public participation efforts that use facilitators are more successful when the facilitator is a third-party intermediary (external) versus a member of the lead agency's staff (internal). / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Public Administration 2013

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / XML has become a widely used standard for data representation and exchange in applications. The growing usage of XML creates a need for ecient storage and recovery systems for XML data. Native XML DBs (NXDBs) are being developed to target this demand. NXDBs implement many characteristics that are common to traditional DBs, such as storage, indexing, query processing, transactions and replication. Most existing solutions solve the replication issue through traditional techniques. However, the exibility of XML data imposes new challenges, so new replication techniques ought to be developed. To improve the performance and availability of NXDBs, this thesis proposes RepliX, a mechanism for XML data replication that takes into account the main characteristics of this data type, making it possible to reduce the response time in query processing and improving the fault-tolerance property of such systems. Although there are several replication protocols, using the group communication abstraction for communication and fault detection has proven to be a good solution, since this abstraction provides ecient message exchanging techniques and conability guarantees. RepliX uses this strategy, organizing the sites into an update group and a read-only group in such a way that allows for the use of load balancing among the sites, and makes the system less susceptible to faults, since there is no single point of failure in each group. In order to evaluate RepliX, a new replication layer was implemented on top of an existing NXDB to introduce the characteristics of the proposed mechanism. Several experiments using this layer were conducted, and their results conrm the mechanism's eciency considering the dierent aspects of a replicated database, improving its performance considerably, as well as its availability. / XML tem se tornado um padrÃo amplamente utilizado na representaÃÃo e troca de dados em aplicaÃÃes. Devido a essa crescente utilizaÃÃo do XML, torna-se necessÃria a existÃncia de sistemas eficientes de armazenamento e recuperaÃÃo de dados XML. EstÃo sendo desenvolvidos para este fim Bancos de Dados XML Nativos (BDXNs). Estes bancos implementam muitas das caracterÃsticas presentes em Bancos de Dados tradicionais, tais como armazenamento, indexaÃÃo, processamento de consultas, transaÃÃes e replicaÃÃo. Tratando-se especificamente de replicaÃÃo, a maioria das soluÃÃes existentes resolve essa questÃo apenas utilizando tÃcnicas tradicionais. Todavia, a exibilidade dos dados XML impÃe novos desafios, de modo que novas tÃcnicas de replicaÃÃo devem ser desenvolvidas. Para melhorar o desempenho e a disponibilidade dos BDXNs, esta dissertaÃÃo propÃe o RepliX, um mecanismo para replicaÃÃo de dados XML que considera as principais caracterÃsticas desses dados. Dessa forma, à possÃvel melhorar o tempo de resposta no processamento de consultas e tornar esses sistemas mais tolerantes a falhas. Dentre vÃrios tipos de protocolos de replicaÃÃo, a utilizaÃÃo da abstraÃÃo de comunicaÃÃo em grupos como estratÃgia de comunicaÃÃo e detecÃÃo de falhas mostrase uma soluÃÃo eficaz, visto que essa abstraÃÃo possui tÃcnicas eficientes para troca de mensagens e provà garantias de confiabilidade. Essa estratÃgia à utilizada no RepliX, que organiza os sites em dois grupos: de atualizaÃÃo e de leitura, permitindo assim balanceamento de carga entre os sites, alÃm de tornar o sistema menos sensÃvel a falhas, jà que nÃo hà um ponto de falha Ãnico em cada grupo. Para validar o RepliX, uma nova camada de replicaÃÃo foi implementada em um BDXN, a _m de introduzir as caracterÃsticas e os comportamentos descritos no mecanismo proposto. Experimentos foram feitos usando essa camada e os resultados obtidos atestam a sua eficÃcia considerando diferentes aspectos de um banco de dados replicado, melhorando o desempenho desses banco de dados consideravelmente bem como sua disponibilidade.

In distributed systems it is often useful to ensure that messages sent between processes in a group are received by all group members. This thesis presents Reliable Non-Ordered Multicast Protocol (RNOMP). We argue that it achieves reliable multicast between processes in groups that processes can leave and join arbitrarily. The protocol has been implemented on top of a group membership simulation which allows evaluation of the performance of the protocol while varying packet loss and the frequency at which processes leaves and joins groups. After analyzing how the protocol handles certain situations we conclude that our protocol achieves reliability and performs well within certain parameter values.

No description available.

The present study utilizes the relational turbulence model (RTM) to illuminate stepparent experiences of relational uncertainty and partner interference within the context of the stepparent-biological parent marriage. In-depth, semi-structured interviews with 6 stepparents revealed four primary themes pertaining to how stepparents experienced relational uncertainty: (a) enactment of parenting, (b) competing expectations, (c) shifts in attitude and behavior by spouse, and (d) differences between marriage partners. Interference from partners was experienced by stepparents in relation to the enactment of parenting and the maintaining of the marriage as an intimate relationship.

Dissertation thesis: Reliability and validity of communication sociomapping: focused on peer-to-peer ratings in small work groups Author: Mgr. Eva Rozehnalová Supervisor: MUDr. Mgr. Radvan Bahbouh, Ph.D. Abstract: The theoretical part of the thesis shortly introduces the topic of group communication and identifies relevant influencing factors. The subsequent summary of the research studying the impact of communication on work group performance illustrates not only the importance of the group communication topic itself, but also the development of diagnostic methods in this field. Such methods are further summarised by focusing on their specific characteristics, differences and available validity and reliability data. The last chapter of the theoretical part briefly describes the sociomapping method measuring group communication with the up-to-date reliability and validity research. The empiric part of the thesis combines several studies performed to verify the quality of the sociomapping method in the field of group communication. The criterion validity of sociomapping visualization was studied as an accuracy of numeric data translation into distance matrices, the reliability was measured as an inter-rater agreement of interpreting sociomaps. The studies showed the sociomapping being highly relevant in...

Attentiveness, a variable of communication, primarily serves a stylistic function in the communicative process by providing behavioral evidence that an individual is actively involved in message reception. Past research suggests that while both verbal and nonverbal behaviors signal attentiveness, nonverbal cues are more closely associated with this construct. Among the many nonverbal behaviors of individuals in interactions, postural positions have been deemed highly indicative of attentiveness. At present however, most of the empirical evidence attesting to this notion has been established through the use of self-report measures. As a result of the felt need by this author to improve upon the methodology used in substantiating the construct of attentiveness, this investigation was conducted in order to apply a multiplicity of methods to testing this relatively new construct. This research is believed to be significant as it adds to the existing knowledge on the communication process in general and assists in theory-building a construct to which considerable attention of late has been given by communication theorists.