The study begins by investigating Thailand’s administration of its mineral resources and those of some other leading mineral-exporting countries for comparison. The notion of ‘resource curse’, which affects many resource-rich countries, and an analysis how Thailand fought and won the ‘curse’ is critically explored. The principle of sustainable development and its implication to Thailand are presented, together with various computed indicators of sustainable development for Thailand. The role of mineral resources and Hotelling’s model in the context of sustainable development are discussed. The essence of this study is the development of economic models to determine the optimal extraction paths of Thailand’s gypsum resources based on Hotelling's concept of maximizing Net Present Value (NPV) of benefits accrued to the country. This study finds that under all assumptions and all scenarios, at a certain point in time, Thailand should stop exporting its gypsum and devote the remainder of its gypsum resources to domestic consumption only. In addition, Thailand should push gypsum price up to a certain level. The model determining gypsum consumption in Thailand and some countries imported gypsum from Thailand, which are the basis to determine the optimal extraction paths of gypsum in Thailand, is also developed. It shows that the price of gypsum had no effect on its consumption. In other words, the demand for gypsum might be highly inelastic. Finally, the long-term policies for Thailand to manage its gypsum resource are recommended.

A atual situação sócio econômica do país tem levado as empresas construtorasa buscarem eficiência no seu processo de produção. Nesse contexto, o uso das chapas de gesso acartonado como componente de vedação vertical interna vem se tornando cada vez mais intenso, substituindo a tradicional vedação em alvenaria. Apesar da utilização crescente desse componente, há uma carência no país sobre o conhecimento da tecnologia construtiva das divisórias de gesso acartonado, que já é largamente difundida em vários países. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho caracteriza o método construtivo da vedação vertical interna de chapas de gesso acartonado, abordando sobre o seu desempenho; analisando os materiais, componentes, equipamentos e ferramentas necessários para a sua execução; apresentando os procedimentos de montagem da divisória e propondo algumas diretrizes para a elaboração de um projeto para produção e o estabelecimento de parâmetros de controle durante o processo de execução. Espera-se dessa forma contribuir para o avanço da tecnologia de produção das vedações verticais e, em especial, das divisórias de gesso acartonado. / Due to the current social and economic situation in Brazil, building construction companies are seeking ways to improve efficiency in their production processes. For this reason, gypsum plasterboard is beginning to be widely used for internal walls as a substitute for traditional masonry. In spite of the increasing utilization of this component, which is common in other countries, little research regarding gypsum plasterboard construction technology has been carried out here. In this way, this study deals with the gypsum plasterboard construction method, analyzing its performance, materials, components, equipment and tools required for installation. It also describes the procedure for assembling these partitions. Finally, some guidelines for the production design elaboration and the parameters to help to control the execution process are proposed. This study aims to contribute to improving internal wall technologies, especially gypsum plasterboard partition construction.

A atual situação sócio econômica do país tem levado as empresas construtorasa buscarem eficiência no seu processo de produção. Nesse contexto, o uso das chapas de gesso acartonado como componente de vedação vertical interna vem se tornando cada vez mais intenso, substituindo a tradicional vedação em alvenaria. Apesar da utilização crescente desse componente, há uma carência no país sobre o conhecimento da tecnologia construtiva das divisórias de gesso acartonado, que já é largamente difundida em vários países. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho caracteriza o método construtivo da vedação vertical interna de chapas de gesso acartonado, abordando sobre o seu desempenho; analisando os materiais, componentes, equipamentos e ferramentas necessários para a sua execução; apresentando os procedimentos de montagem da divisória e propondo algumas diretrizes para a elaboração de um projeto para produção e o estabelecimento de parâmetros de controle durante o processo de execução. Espera-se dessa forma contribuir para o avanço da tecnologia de produção das vedações verticais e, em especial, das divisórias de gesso acartonado. / Due to the current social and economic situation in Brazil, building construction companies are seeking ways to improve efficiency in their production processes. For this reason, gypsum plasterboard is beginning to be widely used for internal walls as a substitute for traditional masonry. In spite of the increasing utilization of this component, which is common in other countries, little research regarding gypsum plasterboard construction technology has been carried out here. In this way, this study deals with the gypsum plasterboard construction method, analyzing its performance, materials, components, equipment and tools required for installation. It also describes the procedure for assembling these partitions. Finally, some guidelines for the production design elaboration and the parameters to help to control the execution process are proposed. This study aims to contribute to improving internal wall technologies, especially gypsum plasterboard partition construction.

This research study examines the emergence of gypsum waste and its negative environmental impact within the construction industry and explores strategies to reduce waste and promote the recycling and reuse of gypsum materials. Methods include interviews with representatives from construction companies and literature studies. The results show that common causes of gypsum waste include excess ordering, miscommunication, misassembly, and damage due to external factors. To reduce waste, construction companies used strategies such as digital tools and improved planning. To further develop methods, the use of 3D models and education to improve gypsum board handling is proposed. Measures to reduce gypsum waste include ordering the correct amount of gypsum material and promoting the recycling and reuse of gypsum material. By applying these strategies, construction companies can contribute to a more sustainable construction industry with reduced environmental impact and carbon emissions.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / O desperdÃcio à o principal responsÃvel pela geraÃÃo de resÃduos sÃlidos no ramo da construÃÃo civil, mais notadamente aquele relacionado com a aplicaÃÃo do gesso como revestimento de paredes e tetos. Neste trabalho, buscou-se quantificar a taxa de desperdÃcio de gesso em quatro obras localizadas na cidade de Fortaleza, por meio da utilizaÃÃo de duas metodologias, as quais relacionam a quantidade de massa de gesso demandada com a quantidade de resÃduos gerados. A quantificaÃÃo de resÃduos gerados foi possÃvel devido Ãs empresas construtoras estudadas possuÃrem sistema de coleta segregada desse tipo de material. Foram pesquisados dois mÃtodos. No primeiro tem-se como parÃmetro a Massa de Gesso Demandada (MGD), calculada levando em consideraÃÃo a quantidade de gesso adquirida para a realizaÃÃo do serviÃo. No segundo, a MGD à confrontada com a Quantidade TeÃrica NecessÃria (QTN), sendo esta determinada a partir de parÃmetros como a Ãrea total a ser revestida e o Ãndice de Massa Consumida (IMC), que representa o consumo ideal sem perdas. Foi possÃvel concluir que a tÃcnica da pasta de gesso à aquela que apresenta maior taxa de desperdÃcio, sendo nÃo recomendada, do ponto de vista ambiental, para ser utilizada como revestimento de paredes e, particularmente, tetos. Verificou-se, ainda, que a taxa de desperdÃcio para essas obras à muito grande, sendo maior que os valores encontrados na literatura / The waste is primarily responsible for the generation of solid waste in the construction industry, most notably those related to the application of gypsum as a coating for walls and ceilings. In this work, we tried to quantify the rate of waste gypsum in four works located in the city of Fortaleza, by using two methods, which relate the quantity of mass of gypsum defendant with the amount of waste generated. The amount of waste generated could be due to the construction companies have studied segregated system of collection of such material. We studied two methods. The first parameter has been like a Mass of Gypsum Defendant (MGD), calculated taking into account the amount of gypsum obtained for the completion of service. In the second, the MGD is faced with the Quantity Theory Needed (QTN), which is determined from parameters such as the total area to be coated and Consumed Mass Index (CMI), which represents the ideal consumption without loss. It could be concluded that the technique of plaster folder is one that shows higher rates of waste and is not recommended, from an environmental standpoint, to be used as lining of walls and particularly roofs. There was also that the rate of waste to such works is very large, being larger than the values found in literature

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1979 B777 / Master of Science

No description available.

At present, cementitious binders are used extensively in the construction industry and principally in concretes. They are also used in some applications like ground improvement. In these applications the cost of the binder, typically Portland cement, accounts for a considerable proportion of the total cost of the technique. In addition to the financial cost there is also the environmental impact of quarrying and processing of raw materials to produce Portland cements. Gypsum waste, by-pass dust and fly ash by-products have been identified as the alternative sources of cementitious binder. Using these materials has two advantages: they have little or no production cost; and the re-use of such material would negate the need for expensive disposal. This thesis describes a programme of laboratory testing and study on the possible field trials to investigate the possibility of using mentioned by-product materials as construction materials. Laboratory trials carried out to investigate the properties of waste materials in different combinations; binary and ternary using the same water content. Specimens were evaluated on the basis of Unconfined Compressive Strength at 3,7 and 28 days curing. It was found that pastes containing waste gypsums, Basic oxygen Slag and Run of station ash achieved the highest unconfined compressive strengths (up to 20 MPa) and five mixes of these groups were selected for further tests such as viscosity, permeability, expansion, XRD and freeze and thaw. Data obtained from the ternary combinations were analyzed using two different methods, i.e. Response Surface method and Artificial Neural Network. Two prediction models were created using MINITAB and MATLAB software and the predicted results were compared. It was concluded that the Artificial Neural Network had fewer errors than the response surface model. The feasibility of using by-product materials in two field trials was also studied and the possibility of 100% cement replacement in low strength concrete used in subway backfilling (using 80%BOS-15% Plasterboard Gypsum-5%bypass dust) and light weight blocks (60% run of station ash-20%plaster board gypsum-20% bypass dust) was investigated. It was found that waste gypsum could be used in both trials and the basic oxygen slag could be used for subway backfilling because it improved the flow. However it was not a good idea to use the steel slag in light weight products because of its density. The thesis concludes that there are several potential applications for the use of the waste gypsums in combination with other waste materials in the construction industry but further work is required before it can be used commercially. However the sources and differing chemical contents of the by-product materials may have significant impact on the cementitious behaviour of by product materials.

No description available.

William Rimmer is an enigmatic figure in the history of American art. Works created by him are the single exception to an otherwise undistinguished body of mid-nineteenth century sculpture. Yet, Rimmer was virtually ignored by the art public of his generation. In his own lifetime the considerable skill and talent Rimmer evinced as a sculptor and draftsman were overshadowed by the novelty of his medical practice and teaching career. Rimmer's only true fame was to come not as an artist, but from the popular success of his "art anatomy" lecture courses in Boston and New York. Acknowledgement of the excellence of his teaching method and drawing skill, however, must have been insufficient praise to a man seeking artistic celebrity. The closed eye of the American art public could only have increased the existing feelings of frustration in Rimmer and made more bitter the fate he believed had been dealt him. Ironically, his fatalistic view of life became both the wellspring and circumscription of his artistic expression. William Rimmer's importance in the American art scene of the mid-nineteenth century is lost in the maze of contradiction that was his life.