Reproductive health is important for the individual. The ability to control if and when to have children are of major importance, where both birth control pills, and sterilization are central features in family planning. For couples and singles whose only wish to have a child but for different reasons aren’t possible, becomes involuntarily childless. For those individuals could differently types of assisted reproduction be an alternative. In both cases medical procedures are done in the public healthcare and have different subventions from the state. But the common healthcare lacks resources and therefore distribution and priorities become necessary.Priorities are difficult and different ethical principles are established for guidance. Notwithstanding, priorities for family planning and the involuntarily childless are characterized with practical difficulties. This essay examines how two country councils have put decision of prioritization of family planning and treatment for involuntary childless in to practice. By looking at material from governmental decisions and reasonings this paper observes inequalities both between the councils but also between men and women. There is no consensus how the actual priorities should be realized and from whose perspective it should be done, from the individual or from the society. This is important both for the well-being of the individual but also for the legitimacy of the society.

This qualitative study describes relationships problems highlighted by individuals with an autism diagnosis and professionals at Vuxenhabiliteringen (adult disability services). It also captures the individuals’ and professionals’ opinion of how to work with these particular problems. Nine people were interviewed for this study. The interviews were semi-structured and systems Theory in Social Work were used to understand the organisational tension between where support for relationship problems for people with an autism diagnosis should lie. An autism diagnosis is linked to problems in social-emotional reciprocity, for example difficulties to initiate or respond to social interactions, inflexible adherence to routines and difficulties with sensory input. Several themes emerged regarding relationship problems; structure and planning, communication, understanding, sex and intimacy and partners’ own difficulties. Professionals reported that a number of services are currently being offered, such as diagnose information, talking therapy, help with planning and structure, among others. Professionals expressed that including the partner more, working more jointly with other professionals and starting a relationship group to share experiences could improve services. The support that neurodiverse participants asked for were couple’s therapy, information and education about sex, relationships and men. Relationship support can be given by VUH through the services already offered and by expanding them further. More research is needed to understand relationship issues in relation to an autism diagnosis.  Keywords: Relationship, autism, neurodiversity, Vuxenhabiliteringen, health care, organisation, couple’s therapy, relationship difficulties Sökord: Relationer, autism, neurodiverse, Vuxenhabiliteringen, Hälso och sjukvård, organisation, parterapi, relationssvårigheter Author: Jessica Vannoorenberghe Word count: 16846

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The European Union (EU) began as a prevention of future wars. Thereafter the work of the EU has been further integrated, partly linked with ongoing crises in order to follow common goals for the Union. The EU is a central actor affecting freedom and the future of the inhabitants within the member states, and therefore its development needs to be researched. This essay looks at the development of health politics within the EU. Has the pandemic crisis of Covid-19 fostered further integration of health politics within the EU (a political area that has historically been handled by the member states themselves)? This essay assesses the degree of integration and centralization of health politics, based on qualitative research on the conclusions of the European Council during the end of 2019 and 2020. The results of this research indicate further integration of health politics based on its conclusion documents of the European Council during the Covid-19 pandemic. Since I argue that the European Council is a central institution for the EU’s overall development and direction this results indicates a further integration in health politics during the pandemic. However the result needs to be supplemented by research of other institutions such as the Commission and the Council of the European Union (the council of ministers) in order to have wider implications on the overall integration within the European Union.

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<p>Examen i vårdadministration, YH-utbildning: 20 Yh-poäng  </p>

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Trots den utbredda personalbristen inom vården så finns det ett sjukvårdsområde, nämligen Rättspsykiatri Vård Stockholm, som mot alla odds inte har samma svårigheter som andra inom regionen att behålla sin personal. I ett samhälle där fler lever längre behöver fler arbeta upp i högre ålder. För att möjliggöra detta behöver arbetsgivare och arbetstagare tillsammans skapa en hälsofrämjande och hållbar arbetsplats genom att stärka och behålla faktorer som bidrar tillarbetsengagemang. Ett tillvägagångssätt är att undersöka vilka faktorer som arbetstagarna upplever är motiverande och som har betydelse för deras upplevda arbetsengagemang. Syftet med studien är att beskriva vilka yttre och inre faktorer som arbetstagare inom rättspsykiatrisk vård upplever som motiverande i sin arbetsmiljö och värdesätter för att stanna kvar på arbetsplatsen en längre tid. Som metod användes semistrukturerad djupintervju med fenomenografisk ansats där sex intervjuer genomfördes. Resultatet mynnade ut i fyra beskrivningskategorier som värderades från högst till lägst enligt följande av deltagarna; känslan av att kunna göra skillnad, upplevelsen av samhörighet på arbetsplatsen, arbetsplatsens möjligheter till självförverkligande och flexibilitet i relation till arbetet och privatlivet. En samstämmighet med självbestämmandeteorins begrepp självstyrande motivation samt med tvåfaktorsteorins motivationsfaktorer i form av inremotivationsfaktorer framkom i studien. Bristande hygienfaktorer i form av yttremotivationsfaktorer var däremot inte motivationssänkande för deltagarna. Vårdorganisationer bör fokusera på att möjliggöra och öka arbetstagarnas upplevelser av inre motiverande faktorer som ett steg för att motverka ohälsa och främja en hållbar och hälsofrämjande arbetsplats. Det finns goda möjligheter för andra vårdorganisationer att skapa hälsofrämjande förbättringsåtgärder på arbetsplatsen med studiens utfallsrum som grund. / Despite the widespread staff shortage in healthcare, there is one healthcare area, namely Forensic Psychiatry Stockholm, which, against all odds, does not have the same difficulties as others in the region in retaining its staff. In a society where more people are living longer, more people need to work to an older age. To make this possible, employers and employees together need to create a health-promoting and sustainable workplace by strengthening and maintaining factors that contribute to commitment to work. One approach is to examine which factors the employees perceive to be motivating and which are significant for their perceived commitment to work. The purpose of the study is to describe extrinsic and intrinsic factors that employees in forensic psychiatric care experience as motivating in their work environment and value in order to remain at the workplace for a longer period of time. The method used was a semi-structured in-depth interview with a phenomenographic approach where six interviews were conducted. The results led to four description categories that were rated from highest to lowest according to the following by the participants; the feeling of being able to make a difference, the experience of togetherness in the workplace, the workplace's opportunities for self-realization and flexibility in relation to work and private life. Our study accords with self-determination theory’s concept of self-directed motivation and with two-factor theory's motivational factors in the form of intrinsic factors. In contrast, lack of hygiene factors in the form of extrinsic motivation factors did not lower motivation for the participants. Healthcare organizations should focus on enabling and increasing workers' experiences of intrinsic motivation as a step towards countering ill-health and promoting a sustainable and health promoting workplace. There are good opportunities for other healthcare organizations to create health-promoting improvement measures in the workplace using the study’s outcome space as a basis.

Studiens syfte är att beskriva undersköterskors erfarenheter av det som är viktigt för att må bra och för att skapa ett långsiktigt hållbart arbetsliv inom äldreomsorgen. För att besvara studiens syfte genomfördes semistrukturerade intervjuer, där sexundersköterskor med varierande arbetserfarenheter inom äldreomsorgen intervjuades. Hanteringen av de transkriberade intervjuerna analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativinnehållsanalys. Studiens resultat påvisar två huvudkategorier: ett givande arbete och förutsättningar i arbetet. Att huvudkategorierna uppfylls har visat sig ha betydelse förundersköterskornas mående och deras möjligheter till ett långsiktigt hållbart arbetsliv. Ett flertal betydande komponenter för ett givande arbete framkommer i studiens resultat där bland annat fina möten mellan vårdtagare och dess anhöriga nämns. Förutsättningar i arbetet påvisar vikten av bland annat en god balans mellan arbetsliv och privatliv. / The purpose of this study is to describe assistant nurses' experiences of what is important to feel good and to create a long-term sustainable working life in elderly care. In order to answer the purpose of the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted, with six assistant nurses. Each of them having varying work experience in elderly care.  Handling of textual material was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The results of the study show two main categories; rewarding work and working conditions to accomplish good work have shown to be important for the assistant nurses' well-being and their opportunity for a long-term sustainable working life.   A number of significant components emerge in the study's results and, among other things, nice meetings between care recipients and their relatives are mentioned as being valuable for rewarding work. Conditions at work demonstrate the importance of, among other things, a good balance between work life and private life.