The cinematic experience is often an emotional or ‘felt’ experience. In the aftermath of the film, it is challenging to indicate precisely how I was guided to react emotionally to the film. This study presents an investigation of the emotional cinematic experience from a Jungian critical reading. Jungian theory introduces a model of the psyche as consisting of, amongst other constructs, the collective unconscious and the archetypes. These archetypal contents manifest visually as symbols. These symbols guide the reader of the filmic text towards an emotional cinematic experience by activating, in particular, the archetype of the Self. Based on a review of the available scholarship in Jungian theory and film, this dissertation develops a Jungian conceptual framework consisting of notions and concepts that can describe, articulate and examine the psychological dynamics of an emotional cinematic experience. In a demonstration of how a Jungian approach to the text can highlight the dynamics of the emotional cinematic experience, the study presents a critical reading of M. Night Shyamalan’s films The Sixth Sense, Unbreakable and Signs. Using the Jungian practice of amplification, the study focuses on notions of the archetypal (contents and manifestations, particularly the archetype of the Self); individuation motifs; notions of the Apocalypse; and alchemical symbolism, all framed within an approach proposed by Jungian dream analysis. The symbolic aspect of film imagery is constructed by archetypal contents and individuation motifs that emphasise the emotional cinematic experience Based on the critical reading of Shyamalan’s film, this dissertation concludes that the emotional cinematic experience can be examined with specific reference to the emotional cinematic experience as ‘guided’ by the filmic images’ symbolic aspect. The Jungian framework developed by this study can be used to effectively investigate and articulate the emotional cinematic experience. / Dissertation (MA (Drama and Film Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Drama / MA / Unrestricted

Orientador: Márcio Scheel / Resumo: Esta tese apresenta uma análise crítica dos romances de Marçal Aquino, a saber, O invasor (2002), Cabeça a prêmio (2003) e Eu receberia as piores notícias dos seus lindos lábios (2005), tendo por objetivo ressaltar como a trajetória dos heróis Ivan, Brito e Cauby contribuem para a experiência da forma do gênero policial. Para tal percepção, incluímos uma análise do conto “Matadores”, do mesmo autor, que servirá como matriz interpretativa dos romances. Argumentamos que os romances de Marçal Aquino são organizados em torno do ponto de vista de um herói que está inserido no mundo da pistolagem brasileira, contexto onde a violência é racionalizada e tornada matéria-prima do capital. Diante disso, os romances do autor não apenas dão certa continuidade, mas também realizam uma experiência com a forma tradicional da ficção policial, já que os heróis de Aquino, movidos principalmente pelo ressentimento, transitam entre os três elementos fundamentais do gênero, a saber, o detetive, o criminoso e a vítima. Sendo assim, os protagonistas de Aquino são uma espécie de síntese entre as três categorias do romance policial tradicional e o que eles vão fazer é mostrar que em termos de modelo narrativo há uma experiência da forma que problematiza aspectos da sociedade brasileira. Estes heróis tomam parte em um contexto histórico e político demarcado pela intersecção entre lei e ordem, por um Estado que agencia o crime e por matadores ajustados à lógica do trabalho e às leis do mercado, estando ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This thesis presents a critical analysis of Marçal Aquino’s novels, namely O invasor (2002), Cabeça a prêmio (2003), and Eu receberia as piores notícias dos seus lindos lábios (2005), with the objective to highlighting how the stories of the heroes Ivan, Brito and Cauby contribute to experimenting with the detective genre form. In order to do so, we have included an analysis of the short story “Matadores”, by the same author, which will function as an interpretative matrix for the novels. We argue that the novels by Marçal Aquino are organized around the point of view of a hero who is immersed in the world of Brazilian pistolagem (banditry), a context where violence is rationalized and turned into raw material for capital. Considering this, the author’s novels not only develop the traditional form of the detective novel, but also experiment on it, since Aquinian heroes, propelled mainly by resentment, vary among the genre’s three fundamental elements: detective, criminal, and victim. In this way, Aquino’s protagonists are a kind of synthesis of the traditional detective novel’s three categories, and what they do is show that, in terms of the narrative model, there is experimentation with the novel’s form which questions and discusses some aspects of Brazilian society. These heroes take part in a historical and political context branded by the intersection between law and order, by a State that administers crime, and by hitmen adjusted to the logic of labor and market laws, vi... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

study documents the occurrence of the intellectual hero in anime, focussing on the anime series of Monster (2004), Paranoia Agent (Kon 2004) and Umineko no Naku Koro ni (Kon 2009). The characters, Doctor Kenzo Tenma, Detective Keiichi Ikari and Battler Ushiromiya represent the concept of the intellectual hero in anime. Each intellectual hero in anime exists as an embodiment of literature pertaining to the hero and the anime hero. The intellectual hero in anime is derived from key aspects of Thomas Carlyle's (1796-1881) writings concerning heroes and hero-worship. Antonia Levi and Susan Napier contribute further aspects pertaining to the depiction of the intellectual hero in anime, by discussing the concept of the anime hero. As such, the intellectual hero in anime exists as a concept encompassing elements of both the traditionally perceived styled hero and anime hero. Carlyle's theories reveal the intellectual hero in anime's preference for intelligence, genius and order versus disorder; while exhibiting aspects of an inborn morality. Levi and Napier document the fallibility, sincerity, the complex divided self, moral ambiguity and turmoil of the anime hero. This combined definition communicates an intelligent and exceptional character experiencing failure during his encounter with the antagonist -- an agent of disorder. This study thus appropriates these concepts on the hero and anime hero to construct a concise and viable definition. Moreover, this study strives to identify and promote the existence of the intellectual hero. The intellectual hero in anime acts as a possible bridge between the traditionally perceived hero and anime hero. By identifying this concept, the study opts to prove the validity of the intellectual hero in anime, by means of a qualitative content analysis. Furthermore, a semiotic analysis documents the visual depiction of the intellectual hero in anime. As such, the aim of the study is to document the occurrence of the intellectual hero in anime by means of a qualitative content analysis and semiotics. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Visual Arts / MA / Unrestricted

Dans la présente étude, nous analysons l'ensemble des romans de DVC, un écrivain niçois, afin de dégager les différents aspects de son écriture et leurs liens avec sa personnalité. Notre thèse tente de trouver des réponses aux questions suivantes : l'écriture de DVC est-elle une écriture de la mort ou plutôt de la naissance? Quelles sont les spécificités de son univers romanesque? Comment naît cet univers et comment l'écriture prend-elle forme? Quel espace constitue l'ensemble des romans ?Cette recherche comporte trois parties : la première, la signature Cauwelaert étudie les spécificités stylistiques de l’auteur. Nous nous penchons sur son style, son écriture fragmentaire, ludique, musicale et sur la façon dont il stylise ses textes tout en développant des textes possibles. Nous analysons le noyau psychocritique pour en dévoiler son mythe personnel et nous étudions les sous-genres auxquels ses récits se rattachent: roman fantastique, comique et policier.La deuxième partie s’intitule les interactions autour du texte. On envisage les relations qui se tissent entre l'auteur et ses textes, entre l'auteur et le lecteur et avec d'autres écrivains. On interroge aussi la genèse de cet univers romanesque et l'image de l’auteur à travers ses textes.La troisième partie, le massif romanesque, prend pour objet la distribution actantielle des personnages, la fiction et la forme de la narration. L'étude envisage la progression diachronique des romans et l'évolution de l'auteur. Enfin nous analysons l'espace du roman qui se structure en roman-espace, lequel se présente comme un univers d'espoir et d'émotion où les instances se mêlent et où la perception crée un monde miniature. / In the present study, we analyze all the novels of Didier van Cauwelaert, a writer from Nice, in aim to demonstrate the different aspects of his writing and their relation with his personality. Our thesis tries to find answers to many questions as: is the writing of DVC a writing of birth or of death? What are the particularities of his novels’ universe? How do this universe and the writing take shape? What kind of space the novels constitute?This research is composed of three parts: the first, Cauwalaert’s signature, studies the stylistic particularities of the writer. We develop his style, the piecemeal, playful, musical writing, and we show how he stylizes his texts by developing possible texts. We analyze also the psychocritic nucleus revealing his personal myth and we study the multiple sub-genres of his novels: the fantastic, comic and police ones. The second part is entitled the inter actions around the text. It envisages the relations uniting the writer to his texts, to the lector and to other writers. We ask the genesis of this fictional universe and the image of the writer through his novels.The third and last part, the massif of novels, aims the casting, the distribution of roles, the fiction and the form of narration. This part of the study envisages the diachronic progression of all the novels. We look into the evolution of the writer and his relationship with his time. Finally, we analyze the space of the novels that gives structure to a novel-space which is a universe of hope and emotion where the narrative instances melt and the perception creates a miniature world.

The diploma thesis deals with the subject of video games heroes. The goal of this thesis is to analyze the image of a video game hero and the components of which this image consists. Another focus of this thesis is to compare the images of video game heroes of the RPG (role-playing game) genre with the FPS (first person shooter) genre and to find out which aspects the images have in common and which are different. Content analysis of the games is applied in this thesis, based on predefined criteria and field notes gathered during playing top 100 rated games (50 games of the RPG genre and 50 games of the FPS genre) by Metacritic for 30 minutes each. The selection of the research sample is limited by the main character of the games; analysed games are such in which the hero is determined by the game and the player can't adjust him in any way, for example by choosing the character's gender, their physical predispositions and their occupation. The analysis of the games proved that the main hero was mostly an adult Caucasian human male. This characteristic was registered in the FPS genre more frequently.

This is a case study of a popular shōnen manga, My Hero Academia, written andillustrated by Kōhei Horikoshi. The study’s aim is to determine the personality typesof five characters, while utilizing the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. The secondaryaim is finding out which details help in the MBTI analysis and which do not. Thethird aim is to look into what are the difficulties of executing this kind of study. Theinitial focus of the analysis was the characters’ actions, dialogue, body language,facial expressions, use of role language and how the manga artist utilizes theJapanese scripture. The final results show that the characters are INFJ, ENTP, ENFP,INTJ and ESTJ types, and that the most helpful methods are to look at acombination of the characters’ actions, speech, body language, behavior, andexpressions. In addition, the method of analysis occasionally depends on thecharacter in question. While the scripture does not help in gaining the results, thechoice of language for the characters gives additional affirmation for the resultsbut does not work by itself to affirm any MBTI types. The main challenge is decidingwhich of the MBTI type pair polarities has more value to the character’s personalityto become the preference.

This diploma thesis examines the relationship between the Old Testament Saviour Samson and the ancient Greek hero Heracles. Their connection is firstly analysed from a literary point of view. The story of each hero is explored separately and, subsequently, common themes are compared. Furthermore, thesis addresses the historical context of the stories and deals with the history of their possible interaction. The aim of this thesis is to ascertain whether there is a connection between Samson and Heracles, and if so, what this connection is and to what extent we can observe it and trace it down.

This paper aims to draft a typology of antiheroes in contemporary fantasy literature. Antiheroes are reflected upon concerning their origins, development, and recognition by the implied reader. Mythical trickster is also considered an antihero. The first half presents a theoretical base for the subsequent analysis.

Epic, among the earliest and most universal of genres, is found in a developed form among the most ancient written records of cultures from China to Greece, and has been recorded as oral narrative on every inhabited continent. From these roots in Western culture a varied yet unbroken tradition of heroic narrative has grown. Epic’s form has changed with human society, reflecting our literary, social and psychological development. This study aims to explore the effects in epic literature in English of one such development, namely the internalisation of writing, at two stages of this process as they are manifest in Beowulf and Malory’s Morte Darthur. Every culture has particular noetic processes, that is, methods of structuring and storing knowledge. Writing has profoundly influenced noetic development, so that primary oral cultures (without writing), chirographic culture (with writing) and typographic cultures (with printing) are profoundly different. Parry and Lord’s oral formulaic theory, and Havelock and Ong’s noetic theory describe the characteristics of primary oral thought and poetic discourse. Beowulf’s noetic paradigm is vocality; it is written, yet still largely rooted in the oral tradition and meant to be heard. The Morte shows loosening ties between poetic creation and extra-linguistic tradition in a mix of oral and literate traits. This study traces in Beowulf and the Morte seven characteristics of orality, namely stereotypical/formulaic expression, ceremonial appropriation of history, standardisation of themes, epithetic identification, heavy/ceremonial characters, agonistic style and copiousness. In all seven characteristics, the early signs of literate noetics just discernable in Beowulf are more developed in the Morte, as would be expected. Between Beowulf and the Morte, the form and the function of poetic discourse change. In primary oral epic, words make things real and function as communal memory. Epic discourse forms individuals as communal, ethical, technological beings, and enables human society to give expression to things unknown. Primary epic is in some ways one of the fullest expressions of language’s nature and possibilities. Writing, which relieves the burden of memorisation, frees energy for the development of certain of these functions. The development, made possible by writing, of abstract conceptualisation and then analytical logic is seen in Beowulf’s deathbed musings on heroic worth, which broaden into Malory’s extended critique of chivalry. The opposition of concepts becomes more important than the opposition of persons, and so from agonistic rhetoric grows scientific logic. This development spelled the end of primary epic, and other genres based on logic and analytical syntax developed to fulfil its didactic and prescriptive roles, from charters to essays. The evolutionary role of oral epic, which enabled communal desires to be expressed, passed to romance, but this genre too died with the advent of Enlightenment rationality and modern depth psychology. Fantasy, perhaps, succeeds romance in this function. The study ends with concluding remarks about the future of epic; with the shift from typographic literacy to secondary orality, epic is showing a rebirth in film and literature, notably in J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings. / Dissertation (Magister Artium (English))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / English / unrestricted

The purpose of this study is to examine how female soldiers view their role as soldiers and what they perceive as good soldier qualities to see if it differentiates from the traditional view of what a soldier perceived as. The study will also deal with the female soldier’s perception of equality within the Swedish military. To gather empirical material the study has uses a qualitative method consisting of five semi structured interviews with the female soldiers. All respondents work in the same group as medic soldiers and are at the start of their soldier career. The theories that have been used to analyse the material gathered from the respondents are of hegemonic masculinity and critical vs gender neutral approach. Within hegemonic masculinity different archetypes exist in a hierarchy, for this study the archetypes have been stripped down to the warrior hero to fit the framework of the military organisation. The warrior hero will be used to analyse the respondents view of themselves as soldiers and the qualities that should be expected of a soldier. Critical vs gender neutral theory will be used to examen the responder’s relation to the organisation.The result for the study is that the view of the female soldiers differed in some aspects from the traditional view of the warrior hero. The respondents also had a joint view of the Swedish military as gender neutral.