The purpose of this thesis is to study the newspaper A Razão, a journal created in Estância, Sergipe, by physician João Vieira Leite and his brother-in-law, the merchant Augusto Ramos Gomes. The temporal cut begins in 1898, year of foundation of the periodical, and 1923, year that corresponds to the death of Augusto Gomes. Aligned with the ideology of civilization, progress and modernity that prevailed during the Old Republic, the press played a prominent role in promoting ideas, formation of ideas and propagating knowledge. In this sense, the general objective of this doctoral research is to analyze the structure of the newspaper, its explicit purposes and, mainly, the relations established by and from it in various areas such as: philanthropy, education, arts, religion, politics and commerce. The extensive participation of the Jornal in the Estância’s society evidenced the use of different strategies in the dispute for the accumulation of more social capital and distinction. For the production of this work linked to Cultural History, I opted for the use of the following concepts: field, capital, habitus and representation, as well as establishing a dialogue with the newspaper A Razão was at the same time an object and source. From the analysis of his writings other sources became necessary as: book of minutes, memories, photographs and reports. The research was carried out in the archive of the Epiphânio Dórea Public Library, in the Historical and Geographic Institute of Sergipe, in the Central Library of the Federal University of Sergipe and in the Journal Library of the National Library. Through the analysis of the structure of the newspaper, different themes will be analyzed, such as: a brief history about the press in Sergipe, the civilizatory mission attributed to the press in the republican period, the relationship between the press and literature, a brief profile of the city of Estância, the evidence of books circulating in the city of Estancia at the time through advertisements in the newspaper, education through the pages of the periodical, encouragement to the arts, notably music, cinema and theater, the feminine condition of writings published and the work of doctors Jessé Fontes and Josafá Brandão in the cultural and educational fields with the press as a vehicle. Thus, considering the data collected in the research, I defend the thesis that, as part of a civilizing and progressive mission, the newspaper A Razão acted as a disseminating vehicle for reading and instruction in the city of Estância, in Sergipe, in the 1898 to 1923. / Cette thèse a pour objet d'étude le journal A Razão, périodique créé à Estância, dans l’état du Sergipe, par le médecin João Vieira Leite et son beau-frère, le commerçant Augusto Ramos Gomes. Le découpage temporel commence en 1898, année de fondation du journal et en 1923, date du décès d’Augusto Gomes. Alignée aux idéologies de civilisation, de progrès et de modernité en vigueur au cours de la República Velha, la presse a joué un rôle de premier plan dans la formation d’idées, dans la diffusion de celles-ci ainsi que dans la diffusion des connaissances. En ce sens, l’objectif général de cette recherche de doctorat est d’analyser la structure du journal, ses buts explicites et surtout les relations établies par et à partir de celui- ci dans divers domaines tels que la philanthropie, l’éducation, les arts, la religion, la politique ou encore le commerce. On a pu observer, avec l’importante participation du journal dans la société estanciana, l’apparition et la mise en place de différentes stratégies dans la lutte pour l’accumulation de plus de capital social et distinction. Pour la rédaction de cette thèse, on a choisi de mettre en avant les concepts suivants: le domaine, le capital, habitus et les représentations. Le journal A Razão était en même temps, l'objet et la source de la recherche et à partir de l'analyse de ses écrits, d'autres sources ont été rendues nécessaires comme: des livres de minutes, des souvenirs, des photos et des rapports.Cette recherche a été menée à partir des archives de la Biblioteca Pública Epiphânio Dórea, de l’Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de Sergipe, de la Biblioteca Central de l’Universidade Federal de Sergipe et de l’Hemeroteca Digital de la Biblioteca Nacional.À travers l’analyse de la structure du journal, nous aborderons aussi d’autres thèmes. Tout d’abord, nous ferons un bref historique de la presse au Brésil pour ensuite analyser la mission civilisatrice attribuée à la presse dans la période républicaine. Nous nous pencherons également sur la relation qu’entretient la presse avec la littérature. Après avoir peint un bref profil de la ville d’Estância, nous metrons en avant les preuves qui nous indiquent les livres qui ont circulé dans la ville d’Estância à l'époque, cela à travers les annonces véhiculées dans le journal. On a aussi l’éducation à travers les pages du périodique, l’encouragement aux arts, particulièrement la musique, le cinéma et le théâtre, la contdition féminine par des écrits publiés et le rôle des médecins Jessé Fontes et Josafá Brandão dans les domaines culturel et éducatif avec la presse en tant que véhicule. Ainsi, en vue des données collectées dans la recherche présentée ici, on soutient qu’inséré dans une mission civilisatrice et progressive, le journal A Razão a servi comme véhicule diffuseur de la lecture et de l’instruction dans la ville d’Estância, dans l’état du Sergipe, au cours de la période 1898 à 1923. / A presente tese tem como objeto de estudo o jornal A Razão, periódico criado em Estância, Sergipe, pelo médico João Vieira Leite e seu cunhado, o comerciante Augusto Ramos Gomes. O recorte temporal inicia-se em 1898, ano de fundação do periódico, e 1923, ano que corresponde ao início da mudança na estrutura editorial do jornal, impulsionada pelo falecimento de Augusto Gomes. Alinhada ao ideário de civilização, progresso e modernidade vigente durante a República Velha, a imprensa exerceu um papel de destaque na veiculação de ideias e na propagação do conhecimento. Nesse sentido, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa de doutoramento é analisar a estrutura do jornal, seus propósitos explícitos e, principalmente, as relações estabelecidas por e partir dele em variadas áreas tais como: filantropia, educação, artes, religião, política e comercial. A ampla participação do periódico na sociedade estanciana evidenciou a utilização de diferentes estratégias na disputa pelo acúmulo de mais capital social e distinção. Para a produção deste trabalho vinculado à História Cultural, optei pela utilização dos seguintes conceitos: campo, capital, habitus de Pierre Bourdieu e representação discutido por Roger Chartier, além de estabelecer um diálogo com o jornal A Razão foi, ao mesmo tempo, objeto e fonte. A partir da análise dos seus escritos outras fontes foram se fazendo necessárias como: livro de atas, memórias, fotografias e relatórios. A pesquisa foi realizada no arquivo da Biblioteca Pública Epiphânio Dórea, no Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de Sergipe, na Biblioteca Central da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, na Hemeroteca Digital da Biblioteca Nacional, além do arquivo da família Gomes. Através da análise da estrutura do jornal, diferentes temáticas serão analisadas, tais como: um breve histórico acerca da imprensa em Sergipe , a missão civilizatória atribuída à imprensa no período republicano, a relação entre imprensa e literatura, um breve perfil da cidade de Estância, os indícios de livros que circularam na cidade na época por meio dos anúncios veiculados no jornal, a educação por meio das páginas do periódico, o incentivo às artes, notadamente, a música, o cinema e o teatro, a condição feminina pelos escritos publicados e a atuação dos médicos Jessé Fontes e Josafá Brandão nos campos cultural e educacional tendo a imprensa como veículo. Assim, tendo em vista os dados levantados na pesquisa, defendo a tese de que inserido em uma missão civilizatória e progressista, o jornal A Razão atuou como veículo disseminador da leitura e da instrução na cidade de Estância, em Sergipe, no período de 1898 a 1923.

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Since the publication of the book The Screwtape Letters in 1942, ‘C. S. Lewis’ has been a widely recognized name in both Britain and the United States. The significance of the writings of this scholar of medieval literature, Christian apologist and author of the children’s books The Chronicles of Narnia, while widely recognized, has not previously been investigated. Using a wide range of sources, including archival material, book reviews, monographs, articles and interviews, this dissertation examines the reception of Lewis in Britain and America, comparatively, from within his lifetime until the recent past. To do so, the methodology borrows from the history of the book and history of reading fields, and writes the biography of Lewis’s Mere Christianity and The Chronicles of Narnia. By contextualizing the writing of these works in the 1940s and 1950s, the evolution of Lewis’s respective platforms in Britain and America and these works’ reception across the twentieth century, this project contributes to the growing body of work that interrogates the print culture of Christianity. Extensive secondary reading, moreover, permitted the investigation of cultural, intellectual, social and religious factors informing Lewis’s reception, the existence of Lewis devotees in America and the lives of Mere Christianity and The Chronicles of Narnia in particular. By paying close attention to the historical conditions of authorship, publication and reception, while highlighting similarities and contrasts between Britain and America, this dissertation provides a robust account of how and why Lewis became one of the most successful Christian authors of the twentieth century.

In my earlier work, ‘First steps towards a rhetorical hermeneutics of literary interpretation’ (2006), I argued that academic reading takes the form of an argument between readers. Four serious weaknesses in that account are its elision of the distinction between reading and discourse on reading, its inattention to non-academic reading, its exclusive focus on ‘interpretation’ as if this constituted the whole of reading or of discourse on reading, and its failure to theorise the object of literary reading, ie. the work of literature. The current work aims to address all of these problems, together with those created by certain other approaches to literary reading, with the overall objective of clearing the ground for more empirical studies. It exemplifies its points with examples drawn primarily from non-academic public discourse on literature (newspapers, magazines, and the internet), though also from other sources (such as reading groups and undergraduate literature seminars). It takes a particular (though not an exclusive) interest in two specific instances of non-academic reception: the widespread reception of Salman Rushdie’s novel The Satanic Verses as an attack on Islam, and the minority reception of Peter Jackson’s film trilogy The Lord of the Rings as a narrative of homosexual desire. The first chapter of this dissertation critically surveys the fields of reception study and discourse analysis, and in particular the crossover between them. It finds more productive engagement with the textuality of response in media reception study than in literary reception study. It argues that the application of discourse analysis to reception data serves to problematise, rather than to facilitate, reception study, but it also emphasises the problematic nature of discourse analysis itself. Each of the three subsequent chapters considers a different complex of problems. The first is the literary work, and its relation to its producers and its consumers: Chapter 2 takes the form of a discourse upon the notions of ‘speech act’ and ‘authorial intention’ in relation to literature, carries out an analysis of early public responses to The Satanic Verses, and puts in a word for non-readers by way of a conclusion. The second is the private experience of reading, and its paradoxical status as an object of public representation: Chapter 3 analyses representations of private responses to The Lord of The Rings film trilogy, and concludes with the argument that, though these representations cannot be identical with private responses, they are cannot be extricated from them, either. The third is the impossibility of distinguishing rhetoric from cognition in the telling of stories about reading: Chapter 4 argues that, though anecdotal or autobiographical accounts of reading cannot be taken at face value, they can be taken both as attempts to persuade and as attempts to understand; it concludes with an analysis of a magazine article that tells a number of stories about reading The Satanic Verses – amongst other things. Each of these chapters focuses on non-academic reading as represented in written text, but broadens this focus through consideration of examples drawn from spoken discourse on reading (including in the liminal academic space of the undergraduate classroom). The last chapter mulls over the relationship between reading and discourse of reading, and hesitates over whether to wrap or tear this dissertation’s arguments up.

ALMEIDA, Luciana Andrade de. Francisca Clotilde e a palavra em ação (1884-1921). 2008. 262 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em História) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de História, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História Social, Fortaleza-CE, 2008. / Submitted by Raul Oliveira (raulcmo@hotmail.com) on 2012-06-27T15:41:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_Dis_LAAlmeida.pdf: 16283120 bytes, checksum: 1bc7a33df86c85cbf01b40203f27188e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-06-27T15:49:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_Dis_LAAlmeida.pdf: 16283120 bytes, checksum: 1bc7a33df86c85cbf01b40203f27188e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-06-27T15:49:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_Dis_LAAlmeida.pdf: 16283120 bytes, checksum: 1bc7a33df86c85cbf01b40203f27188e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / O pensamento da escritora cearense Francisca Clotilde (1862-1935) foi registrado em panfletos, almanaques, brochuras, revistas, jornais e nos livros que publicou, em mais de cinco décadas dedicadas ao ensino, às lutas sociais, às causas políticas e à literatura. Este estudo recolhe e analisa o repertório escrito da autora, exercitado em contos, crônicas, artigos, crítica literária, teatro, traduções, charadas, anúncios. O percurso do presente trabalho encontra diálogo com a ambiência literária, social e urbana da província em fins do século XIX e início do século XX, em uma época pautada por questões ligadas à abolição, ao civismo, à pedagogia, à religiosidade. Diante dessa variedade de experiências e temáticas presentes na prosa e no verso da escritora, optou-se por uma marcação temporal que abrange o período entre 1884 a 1921, quando sua contribuição à imprensa, objeto de estudo deste trabalho, se torna numerosa e efetiva, e passa a ser reconhecida por seus pares intelectuais.

BATÍSTA, Paula Virgínia Pinheiro. Bastidores da escrita da história: a amizade epistolar entre Capistrano de Abreu e João Lúcio de Azevedo (1916-1927). 2008. 233f. Dissertação (Mestrado em História) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de História, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História Social, Fortaleza-CE, 2008. / Submitted by Raul Oliveira (raulcmo@hotmail.com) on 2012-06-28T14:33:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_Dis_PVPBatista.pdf: 4403147 bytes, checksum: 43d3d51bd958cdade2ba61c38c97ebd3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-19T14:15:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_Dis_PVPBatista.pdf: 4403147 bytes, checksum: 43d3d51bd958cdade2ba61c38c97ebd3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-19T14:15:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_Dis_PVPBatista.pdf: 4403147 bytes, checksum: 43d3d51bd958cdade2ba61c38c97ebd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / The aim of this paper is to analyze the history reading and writing dynamics depicted by the correspondence exchanged between the historians Capistrano de Abreu and João Lúcio de Azevedo between the years of 1916 and 1927. Both of them participated actively of the intellectual field in Brazil and Portugal, respectively. The present work intends to analyze the comments that the historians made on their common readings, trying to comprehend which kind of appropriations they get from their shared books. Furthermore, it presents some features of production and distribution of their work and the applied publishing and divulgation strategies as well. / O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar os processos de leitura e escrita da história expressos na correspondência trocada entre os historiadores Capistrano de Abreu e João Lúcio de Azevedo entre os anos de 1916 e 1927. Ambos participaram ativamente do campo intelectual, respectivamente, no Brasil e em Portugal. O presente trabalho propõe-se a analisar os comentários que os missivistas faziam sobre suas leituras, numa busca de apreender que tipo de apropriações eles faziam desses livros partilhados, e expor algumas das condições de produção e circulação das suas obras, bem como as estratégias de publicação e divulgação das mesmas.