Diss. Recht Bern, 1962. / [Andere Ausg.:] Diss. jur. Bern 1963. Bibliogr.

Univ., Diss.--Köln, 2001.

Inaug.-diss.--Leipzig. / Lebenslauf. "Erscheint gleichzeitig als broschüre im Risse-verlag, inh. Rolf Risse, Dresden ..." "Literatur-verzeichnis": p. 7-14.

This thesis is about the workplace-based part of the 2008-11 pilot project of upper secondary apprenticeship education (USAE) in the Business and Administration programme. The aim is to develop knowledge on the ways in which USAE is realised in the Business and Administration programme, and how students in this programme develop professional skills. A further aim is to shed light on the nature of professional skills in the retail industry in a historical as well as a contemporary perspective. The development of professional skills, and the conditions created for that process to take place is the particular focus of the thesis. Lave & Wenger´s (1991) theory of legitimate peripheral participation (LPP), Billetts (1996, 2002, 2006) theory of a workplace curriculum and Engeström´s (1987) activity theory are used for the analyses in the study. Data production was conducted mainly through interviews, observations, gathering of documents and participation in trilateral talks. Development and structural changes that have taken place on several levels in the retail sector have resulted in many professional skills becoming embedded in information technology. This, in combination with the current division of labour, means that apprentice students may have difficulties in reaching the more advanced tasks. The prevailing view among the general public on the retail industry as a low-status sector can also be traced back to its history. The steering documents did not appear to have any decisive significance for the content of the education. Instead, what may be termed the workplace curriculum, control the knowledge content that is made accessible. The conclusion must be, therefore, that the professional skills that apprentices can develop are narrow and specific for the workplace. The apprentices gain access to basic tasks related to the daily work at the workplace, but rarely have the opportunity to take part in the more advanced work-tasks. USAE students in the Business and Administration programme also experience difficulties in achieving deeper and so-called theoretical or abstract skills. This implies that instead of this more challenging work they are assigned tasks that are quantifiable and can be checked mechanically in matrices and checklists. The study shows that in the assessment work, professional skills have been downgraded and are considered as little more than social and interactive competence and employability. A crucial conclusion is that USAE does not constitute one unified activity system with a common underlying motive, but should rather be considered as two separate activity systems (school and workplace) with distinct cultural differences.

Zugl.: Leipzig, Univ., Diss., 2007

Univ., Diss.--Köln, 2003.

Diss. Bern. / Éd. commerciale de la thèse de Berne, 1983. Bibliogr.

Fysiska butiker har det tufft idag, på grund av E-handeln tvingas en hel del fysiska butiker att stänga ner sin verksamhet. E-handeln utgör en stor del av den totala detaljhandeln, därför är det viktigt för fysiska butiker att utvecklas och hitta nya lösningar för att fortsätta sin verksamhet på bästa möjliga sätt. Många människor väljer att köpa sina varor eftersom det både är billigt och varan når hem till köparen på bara ett par dagar. Detta minskar på fysiska butikers försäljning eftersom människor väljer en annan väg för att handla sina varor.  En kvalitativ undersökning gjordes i form av intervjuer, både med butikschefer men även med övriga kunder. Frågorna bestod av femton frågor till butikschefer där tio av frågorna var riktade mot butiken och fem personliga frågor till butikschefen. Därefter fick respondenterna svara på fem korta och snabba frågor.  Slutsatsen i denna undersökningen visar att fysiska butiker påverkas av E-handeln. E-handeln påverkar fysiska butiker genom det billiga priset som kan erbjudas till kunden. Det är något som fysiska butiker inte kan göra eftersom de har högre utgifter så det blir inte lönsamt att kunna erbjuda samma prisklasser som E-handeln kan erbjuda. Kunden lockas ändå till fysiska butiker för att kunna se och känna på produkten, det är något man aldrig kommer att kunna göra genom nätet, samt att fysiska butiker erbjuder den bästa möjliga service och shoppingkänsla till kunden så att kunden återkommer. Fysiska butiker försöker även hänga med i utvecklingen på nätet och exempelvis startar en webbsite för butiken på nätet där kunden även kan köpa sina produkter och få dem hemlevererade. Detta leder till att butiker har en försäljning både i en fysisk butik men även en försäljning genom nätet. / Physical stores have it tough today, due to e-commerce forced a lot of physical stores to close down their business. E-commerce is a major part of total retail, therefore, it is important for physical stores to develop and find new solutions to continue their business in the best possible way. Many people choose to buy their goods because it is both cheap and the goods reach the buyer in just a few days. This reduces the sales of physical stores because people choose another way to shop for their goods.  A qualitative investigation was conducted in the form of interviews, with store managers and also with other respondents. The questions consisted of fifteen questions to store managers that ten of the questions were directed at the store and five personal questions to the store manager. The respondents then had to answer five short and quick questions.  The conclusion in this study shows that physical stores are affected by E-commerce. E-commerce affects physical stores through the cheap price that can be offered to the customer. This is something physical stores can not do, because they have higher costs so it will not be profitable to be able to offer the same price as the E-commerce can offer to the customer. The customer is still attracted to physical stores to be able to see and feel the product, this is something no one will be able to do through the net, and the physical stores offer the best service and shopping feeling to the customer so they return. Physical stores also try to keep ut with the developments in the internet and for example, start websites for their stores online where the customer also can buy their products and get it home delivered. This means that stores have a sale both in a physical store and throigh the network.

Inaug.-Diss. Recht Bern, 1994. / Bibliogr.: S. XIII-XXI.

Mångkulturell skola är inget nytt, vi har alltid varit olika på många sätt, det handlar inte enbart om olika kulturell bakgrund. Vi ska öka förståelse och kunskaper om varandras olikheter och på det sättet få en ännu bättre skolsituation.Arbetet bygger på djupintervjuer med sju elever på handels och adm programmet samt tididgare litteraturstudier och visar att eleverna har god social kompetens, att det finns en spridning. De trivs på sitt program och är goda marknadsförare för programmet. / Multicultural school is a reality and a fact that contains much more but different nationalities. The students have different social- as well as ethnic backgrounds, they represent different sexes and languages. This essay is based on interviews with students at the Business-and administrationprogramme, how they experiences the learningsituation due to the facts above. The purpose of this study is to increase the knowledge and understanding for each others various schoolsituation.