Denna uppsats undersöker exegetikens roll i John Howard Yoders, Walter Winks och Stanley Hauerwas tolkning av Matt 5:38-48. Uppsatsens syfte nås genom att dels göra en exegetisk analys av Matt 5:38-48 i dess litterära och historiska kontext och att sedan studera utvald litteratur av de tre författarna och sedan jämföra deras material. Uppsatsen visar att alla tre författare menar att texten manar till en pacifistisk livshållning. Skillnaden mellan de tre ligger i att Hauerwas och Yoder väljer att förankra denna etik genom att läsa Matteusevangeliet som helhet medan Wink väljer att göra en ingående analys av vår aktuella text och istället söka efter textens ursprungliga historiska kontext. Genom att Yoder och Hauerwas väljer

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"Thèse en cotutelle, Université Laval, Québec, Canada et Institut catholique de Paris, Paris, France" / Les stratégies libérales contemporaines cherchant à rendre effectif le lien social dans les sociétés démocratiques modernes à partir d’une raison publique partagée viennent interroger la place et la mission de l’Église. L’Église est questionnée sur le type de communauté qu’elle est pour rendre compte de l’originalité de la foi chrétienne et accomplir la mission qui lui incombe au coeur de l’histoire humaine à partir de la mort et la résurrection du Christ. Percevant les apories présentes dans la philosophie politique libérale contemporaine, Stanley Hauerwas entend penser théologiquement le type de socialité que l’Église apporte au monde comme signe de la réalité nouvelle du Royaume de Dieu en Jésus-Christ. Cette thèse envisage alors le lien d’un théologien moraliste à l’ecclésiologie à partir de la notion de récit. Car l’Église a pour mission de témoigner du récit eschatologique du Royaume au coeur du monde, récit qu’elle incorpore, réalise et met en acte dans toute sa vie et ses pratiques. L’approche narrative de la communauté chrétienne en contexte libéral vient renouveler la pensée ecclésiologique de l’Église comme sacrement en l’envisagent comme relative au monde dont la marque contemporaine est le pluralisme des options de vie et la méfiance théorique et pratique à l’égard des grands récits de sens. A l’idée fondationnelle de salut universel, si décriée aujourd’hui, Hauerwas nous permet d’envisager l’Église comme sacrement d’unification de nos vies individuelles et collectives à partir de la singulière identité narrative de Jésus- Christ incorporée dans des pratiques ecclésiales cohérentes et productrices de sens. / The role and the mission of the Church has been questioned since modern liberal strategies started to seek to make social bonding effective in democratic societies through a shared public rationality leaving behind symbolic and narrative traditions. What kind of community is the Church in order to bear witness to the Christian faith and in so doing to be able to perform its mission through history? Stanley Hauerwas has pursued an ongoing critic of liberal political philosophy to think theologically the kind of sociality the Church bring to the world as a sign of the new era opened by the Death and Resurrection of Jesus Christ. This thesis considers the concept of story as the meeting point between moral theology and ecclesiology in Hauerwas’ Notre Dame period. The Church’s mission is to witness of the eschatological narrative, to embody, perform and enact this narrative in all its life and practices. A narrative approach of the Christian community in Liberal societies is able to develop an ecclesiology of the Church as Sacrament considering it as relative to a pluralistic world. This world today is characterized by a plurality of life choices and a deep practical and theorical distrust with regard to the grand narratives. As opposed to a foundational idea of a universal salvation Hauerwas helps to think of the Church as a sacrament of unity for individual and social existences from the unique narrative identity of Jesus Christ embodied in coherent and meaningful church practices in the world.

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博士(神学) / Doctor of Theology / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

This dissertation provides a theological and sociological examination of the moral crisis of the Korean church based on ethical paradigms from Stanley Hauerwas and H. Richard Niebuhr. The dissertation also explains and critically analyzes the ethical problems of the Korean church and the assimilation of narratives and unethical practices from Korean society into the Korean church. Besides analyzing the influence that this assimilation has had on the moral formation of the Korean church, the study also suggests theological resources for correcting this problem. The thesis of the dissertation is that an ethical framework based on the work of Stanley Hauerwas and H. Richard Niebuhr not only explains the assimilation of cultural and ecclesial narratives that has led to the moral crisis of the Korean church but also offers an effective approach for forming the character of the church in positive ways. The dissertation emphasizes the necessity of finding new narratives for the Korean church and Korean society. It shows how Hauerwas's approach and Niebuhr's ethical categories can benefit a community like the Korean church, which has experienced a moral crisis of corruption and a lack of public trust over the past several decades.

Questa tesi si occupa di analizzare il lavoro di Stanley Hauerwas, uno studioso di grande fama nel mondo accademico americano i cui testi sono molto letti in tutto il mondo. Tramite la lettura critica dell’intero corpus degli scritti di Hauerwas la tesi intende riflettere sul rapporto problematico tra Cristianesimo e liberalismo. A questo scopo, la tesi si concentra inizialmente sui presupposti filosofici che sono alla base delle argomentazioni di Hauerwas. In secondo luogo, riflette sulle idee ed istituzioni tipiche del liberalismo e sul loro rapporto con il Cristianesimo. Infine, descrive la proposta etica di Hauerwas e il modo con cui questa determina il tipo di politica che la chiesa e i cristiani dovrebbero avere. Seguendo l’ampiezza del lavoro di Hauerwas, la tesi si interessa di un gran numero di filosofi, teorici della politica e teologi, spaziando dagli scritti di Aristotele e Tommaso d’Aquino, alla filosofia del linguaggio di McCabe, Murdoch, e Wittgenstein, dalle riflessioni etiche di Kovesi, Anscombe, e MacIntyre, alle teorie politiche di Rawls, Stout e Coles. Grazie alla sottolineatura del ruolo delle virtù e della formazione morale, insieme all’enfasi posta sull’importanza che la tradizione della chiesa, le sue pratiche e il suo linguaggio hanno nel dare forma all’immaginazione e alle vite dei cristiani, Hauerwas descrive in maniera costruttiva e feconda una proposta politica genuinamente cristiana e ci aiuta a navigare le complessità del mondo contemporaneo. / The dissertation provides an in-depth analysis of the scholarship of Stanley Hauerwas, a very prominent figure in the American academy whose body of work is widely read in many countries. By providing a close reading of Hauerwas’ entire corpus, the dissertation aims at discussing the contested relationship between Christianity and liberalism. It does so first, by focusing on the philosophical presuppositions that shape Hauerwas’ overall argument. Second, it reflects on the main liberal commitments and institutions and their relationship with Christianity. Third, it describes Hauerwas’ ethical proposal and its bearings on the political commitments that the church and Christians ought to have. Following the breadth of Hauerwas’ work, the dissertation deals with a great number of philosophers, political theorists, and theologians, spanning from the writings of Aristotle and Aquinas, to the philosophy of language of McCabe, Murdoch, and Wittgenstein, to the ethical reflections of Kovesi, Anscombe and MacIntyre, and to the political theory of Rawls, Stout, and Coles. Through his stress on the role of virtues and moral formation, and by emphasizing the importance that the church’s tradition, language, and practices have in shaping the imagination and lives of Christians, Hauerwas gives a constructive and fruitful description of what a genuine Christian politics looks like and helps us navigate the complex world of today.

While few would deny America is the most powerful nation on earth, there is considerable debate, and controversy, over how America uses its foreign policy power. This is even truer since the “unipolar moment,” when America gained sole superpower status with the end of the Soviet Union and the Cold War. In the Cold War Reinhold Niebuhr was the main theological voice speaking to American power. In the Unipolar world, the Religious right emerged as the main theological voice, but instead of seeking to curb American power the Religious right embraced Neoconservatism in what I will call “Totemic Conservatism” to support use of America's power in the world and to triumph Manifest destiny in American foreign policy, which is the notion that America is a chosen nation, and this legitimizes its use of power and underpins its moral claims. I critique the Niebuhrian and Religious right legacies, and offer a classical realist strategy for theology to speak to America power and foreign policy, which avoids the neoconservative and religious conservative error of totemism, while avoiding the jettisoning of Niebuhr's theology by political liberals, and, the political ghettoizing of theology by his chief critics. This strategy is based on embracing the understanding of classical realism, but not taking the next step, which both Niebuhr and neoconservativism ultimately do, of moving from a prescriptive to a predictive strategy for American foreign policy. In this thesis, I argue that in the wake of the unipolar moment the embrace of the Religious right of Neoconservatism to triumph Manifest destiny in American foreign policy is a problematic commingling of faith and politics, and what is needed instead is a strategy of speaking to power rooted in classical realism but one which refines Niebuhrian realism to avoid the risk of progressing a Constantinian theology.