Ma recherche vise à développer une interprétation originale de la pensée de Bertrand de Jouvenel, un des penseurs libéraux les plus importants du siècle passé. Je veux démontrer que Jouvenel ne doit pas être seulement considéré comme un philosophe. L’interprétation purement philosophique de sa pensée est due à la popularisation de ses deux œuvres, Du Pouvoir (1945) et De la Souveraineté (1955). Il est connu par avoir développé une vision historique et philosophique du pouvoir à partir de la théorie politique d’Alexis de Tocqueville. L’essentiel de la littérature critique sur cet auteur se concentre sur cette conception. Ma thèse se propose d’illustrer une vision plus complète de la pensée de Jouvenel. Je veux analyser ses écrits méconnus, comme The Pure Theory of Politics (1963). Jouvenel fut longtemps considéré comme un philosophe libéral. Cette vision, certes correcte, est pourtant incomplète: Jouvenel était un ami et collaborateur de Friedrich von Hayek, l’auteur libéral le plus important du XXème siècle. Toutefois, le Jouvenel des années 1940 et 1950, ne peut être considéré comme un libérale à part entière, car contrairement à Hayek, il n’était pas membre de l’École Autrichienne d’Économie. Jouvenel a élaboré un antiétatisme communautaire, très proche de la doctrine sociale de l’Église catholique. L’individualisme n’est pas la solution contre le pouvoir de l’État. Pour éviter que L’État acquière trop de pouvoir, il faut valoriser les corps intermédiaires de la société civile, comme la famille, les associations, etc. / My research aims to develop an original interpretation of the thought of Bertrand de Jouvenel, one of the most important liberal thinkers of the previous century. I intend to prove that Jouvenel has not only got to be considered a philosopher. The purely philosophical interpretation of his thought is due to the popularization of his two works, Du Pouvoir (1945) and De la Souveraineté (1955). He is known for having developed a historical and philosophical vision of power influenced by the political theory of Alexis de Tocqueville. Most of the critical literature on this author focuses on this conception.My dissertation aims to illustrate a more complete view of Jouvenel's thought. I want to analyse his misconceived works, such as The Pure Theory of Politics (1963).Jouvenel was long regarded as a liberal philosopher. This vision, however correct, is incomplete: Jouvenel was a friend and collaborator of Friedrich von Hayek, the most important liberal author of the 20th century. However, the Jouvenel of the 1940s and 1950s cannot be considered a liberal in its own right, because unlike Hayek, he was not a member of the Austrian School of Economics. Jouvenel developed a communitarian anti-statism, very close to the social doctrine of the Catholic Church. Individualism is not the solution against the power of the state. In order to prevent the State from gaining too much power, it is necessary to enhance the intermediary bodies of civil society, such as the family, associations, etc..

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:34:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Manoel da Nave Pires.pdf: 1386149 bytes, checksum: 361aab1a9510122f31f5f48dd59b57b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-06 / Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie / Dissertation which aims to question the academic mainstream linked to the legal and political thought of Hans Kelsen liberalism. Challenges the thesis that kelsenianas theories and liberal doctrine converge in defending the same political values as well as those that associate considering its methodological aspects of neutrality, of formalism and legalism. As a theoretical strategy, recovers some debates in which Kelsen was regarded as a liberal (Red Vienna, Weimar), as well as Kelsen s critique of Marxism and vice versa. It also establishes a direct confrontation between Kelsen and Friedrich Hayek, electing the Rechtsstaat as a comparative theoretical element, addressing relevant topics such as freedom, democracy, capitalism, socialism, property and legal security. In the end, instead of a Kelsen liberal and apolitical , points to a kelseniana critical doctrine of a liberal-individualistic natural law, which does not seem to be so concerned with legitimizing the bourgeois order in power. / Dissertação de mestrado que visa problematizar o mainstream acadêmico que vincula o pensamento jurídico-político de Hans Kelsen ao liberalismo. Contesta as teses de que as teorias kelsenianas e a doutrina liberal convergem na defesa dos mesmos valores políticos, assim como àquelas que as associam considerando seus aspectos metodológicos da neutralidade, do formalismo e do legalismo. Como estratégia teórica, recupera alguns debates em que Kelsen foi tido como um liberal (Viena Vermelha, Weimar), além da crítica de Kelsen ao marxismo e vice-versa. Estabelece ainda um confronto direto entre Kelsen e Friedrich Hayek, elegendo o Rechtsstaat como elemento teórico comparativo, abordando temas correspondentes como liberdade, democracia, capitalismo, socialismo, propriedade e segurança jurídica. Ao final, ao invés de um Kelsen liberal e apolítico , aponta para uma doutrina kelseniana crítica de um jusnaturalismo liberal-individualista, que não parece estar assim tão preocupada em legitimar a ordem burguesa no poder.

The affinity between the work of the Austrian economist Friedrich A. Hayek and the approach of Complexity Economics is widely recognized by the literature. In spite of this, there still is a lack of studies that seek to analyze in depth the relationship between Hayek and complexity. This dissertation is a contribution to the filling of this large gap in the literature. In the first part of the work, we analyze the various periods in the development of Hayek\'s vision of complexity, showing that this vision is strongly present in his works on knowledge, competition, methodology, evolution, and spontaneous order. In the second part, we explore how Hayek was influenced by two of the main precursors of modern complexity theory - cybernetics and general system theory - from the time he was working on his book on theoretical psychology, The Sensory Order (1952), until the end of his intellectual career. / A afinidade entre a obra do economista austríaco Friedrich A. Hayek e a abordagem da Economia e Complexidade é amplamente reconhecida pela literatura. Apesar disso, ainda há grande carência de estudos que busquem analisar de forma aprofundada a relação entre Hayek e a complexidade. Esta dissertação é uma contribuição para o preenchimento dessa grande lacuna na literatura. Na primeira parte do trabalho, os diversos períodos no desenvolvimento da visão de complexidade de Hayek são analisados, evidenciando-se como tal visão está fortemente presente em seus trabalhos sobre conhecimento, competição, metodologia, evolução e ordem espontânea. Na segunda parte, exploramos como Hayek foi influenciado por dois dos principais precursores da moderna teoria da complexidade - a cibernética e a teoria geral do sistema - desde o período em que estava trabalhando no seu livro sobre psicologia teórica, The Sensory Order (1952), até o final de sua carreira intelectual.

O propósito deste trabalho é estudar o Debate do Cálculo Econômico Socialista, desde a sua pré-história a partir da Revolução Marginalista e o seu início em 1920 com o artigo de Ludwig von Mises até a moderna retomada do mesmo na década de noventa. Argumentaremos que a fonte do desacordo pode ser traçada nas diferentes percepções sobre a complexidade do problema alocativo. A desconsideração dessa complexidade por sua vez levou os economistas a usar a teoria microeconômica padrão para construir um novo sistema econômico, desconsiderando as assimetrias entre explicação e previsão/controle existentes na teoria econômica neoclássica. Em cada fase do debate, elementos importantes dos mercados reais, geralmente desconsiderados pela teoria econômica então prevalecente, foram utilizados para criticar as tentativas de solução do problema do cálculo. Em particular, a articulação de Hayek da abordagem austríaca de processo de mercado foi em parte fruto do debate e ainda é relevante para avaliar os méritos das propostas modernas de socialismo de mercado e o significado da teoria micro em geral. / The purpose of this work is to study the Socialist Economic Calculation Debate, from its prehistory since the Marginalist Revolution and its beginning in 1920 with Ludwig von Mises article to the modern reopening of the discussions in the 90´s. We will argue that the source of the disagreement can be traced to the different perceptions about the complexity of the allocative problem. The neglect of this complexity in turn lead the economists to use the standard microeconomic theory to construct a new economic system, disregarding the asymmetries between explanation and prediction/control in neoclassical economic theory. At each phase of the debate, important elements of the real markets, usually disregarded by the economic theory prevailing in the moment, were used to criticize the attempts to find a solution to the calculation problem. Particularly, Hayek´s articulation of the Austrian or market process approach to economic theory was in part fruit of this debate and is still relevant to evaluate the merits of the modern market socialist proposals and the significance of micro theory in general.

The present dissertation deals with the topic of the relationship between political and moral philosophy and the epistemological and methodological arguments of Friedrich August von Hayek. The aim of the dissertation is to defend in general the assertion that Hayek's philosophy is the application of epistemological and methodological positions to moral and political philosophy and that this application is implemented through the continuous process of defining the basic theoretical positions towards philosophical tradition. This general statement is elaborated on in several perspectives. The first perspective puts the concept of knowledge in the forefront, both in the sense of a certain concept of rationality, i.e. the nature of reason and human thinking, and also in the sense of defining the nature and limits of scientific inquiry. The latter follows the development of Hayek's thinking, pointing out the aspects of his philosophy, which are the elaboration of the theories of his predecessors in thought within the Austrian economic school or classical sociology. This perspective also shows that, at a certain stage of his thinking, Hayek considerably moves away from these predecessors, particularly in the context of grasping individualism. The third perspective shows the deeper roots of some of...

by Mok Yeuk-shing. / Includes bibliographical references / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1986

No description available.

Universiẗat, Diss., 1996--Tübingen.

Thesis (L.L.M.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Also available in print.

Master-Arbeit Univ. St. Gallen, 2007.