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The application of the theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour to a workplace HIV/AIDS health promotion programmeTlou, Emmanuel Rammule 03 1900 (has links)
This study applied the theory of reasoned action (TRA) and its extension, the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to the design of a workplace HIV/AIDS health promotion programme. The purpose of the study was to determine if the variables of the TRA and TPB would predict intentions to change HIV/AIDS health behaviour, whether a theory-based intervention would result in health behaviour change over time and if there would be any significant health behaviour differences among participants who received a theory-based intervention and those who received an information-only intervention.
In a longitudinal, quasi-experimental study, 170 government employees were divided into two groups. One group comprised 92 employees who participated in a HIV/AIDS health promotion workshop based on the theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour. The other group comprised 78 employees who took part in an educational information session about HIV and AIDS. An elicitation study was conducted with a sample of 38 employees from the research population two months prior to the commencement of the study. The findings of the elicitation study informed the design of research questionnaires and an intervention workshop. Both groups of participants (theory-based workshop and information-only workshop) were measured on HIV/AIDS health behaviour intentions and HIV/AIDS health behaviour (condom use, seeking HIV testing and monogamy) across three measurement periods over a six month period.
The results of the study showed that the combined theoretical variables predicted intentions to use condoms and to seek HIV testing, with attitudes having the main effect on intentions. There was, however, no significant health behaviour change across the three measurement periods. There were also no health behaviour differences between the two intervention conditions at one month and six months post-intervention.
The study concludes that the intervention based on the theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour did not produce health behaviour change. The study also identified barriers to AIDS health behaviour in the South African context that the theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour cannot explain. Ways in which the theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour can be adapted to HIV/AIDS education in collectivist cultures are proposed. / Psychology / Thesis (D. Phil. (Psychology))
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The application of the theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour to a workplace HIV/AIDS health promotion programmeTlou, Emmanuel Rammule 03 1900 (has links)
This study applied the theory of reasoned action (TRA) and its extension, the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to the design of a workplace HIV/AIDS health promotion programme. The purpose of the study was to determine if the variables of the TRA and TPB would predict intentions to change HIV/AIDS health behaviour, whether a theory-based intervention would result in health behaviour change over time and if there would be any significant health behaviour differences among participants who received a theory-based intervention and those who received an information-only intervention.
In a longitudinal, quasi-experimental study, 170 government employees were divided into two groups. One group comprised 92 employees who participated in a HIV/AIDS health promotion workshop based on the theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour. The other group comprised 78 employees who took part in an educational information session about HIV and AIDS. An elicitation study was conducted with a sample of 38 employees from the research population two months prior to the commencement of the study. The findings of the elicitation study informed the design of research questionnaires and an intervention workshop. Both groups of participants (theory-based workshop and information-only workshop) were measured on HIV/AIDS health behaviour intentions and HIV/AIDS health behaviour (condom use, seeking HIV testing and monogamy) across three measurement periods over a six month period.
The results of the study showed that the combined theoretical variables predicted intentions to use condoms and to seek HIV testing, with attitudes having the main effect on intentions. There was, however, no significant health behaviour change across the three measurement periods. There were also no health behaviour differences between the two intervention conditions at one month and six months post-intervention.
The study concludes that the intervention based on the theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour did not produce health behaviour change. The study also identified barriers to AIDS health behaviour in the South African context that the theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour cannot explain. Ways in which the theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour can be adapted to HIV/AIDS education in collectivist cultures are proposed. / Psychology / Thesis (D. Phil. (Psychology))
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The impact of employee wellness programme on employee wellness and performance : a Kwazulu-Natal Municipality case studyMakhanya, Buhle 01 1900 (has links)
The general aim of this study was to gain insight into the perceptions and experiences
of line managers regarding the impact of an employee wellness programme (EWP) on
employee wellness and performance at a selected municipality in KwaZulu-Natal. As
a purposive sample, ten line managers were selected to participate in the study by
means of semi-structured interviews. The literature review aimed to conceptualise
wellness, employee wellness and employee performance, as well as to explore the
impact of EWPs on employee wellness and performance. The specific empirical study
aims were to determine line managers’ level of awareness and knowledge of the
municipality EWP and its purpose, to explore the challenges faced by line managers
within the EWP, to explore if the line managers perceived and experienced the
municipality EWP as being beneficial to employee wellness and whether participating
in the EWP improved employee performance. Lastly, the aim was to make
recommendations for improvement that can assist the municipality in enhancing the
impact of the EWP on employee wellness and performance within the industrial
psychology discipline, and in particular when it comes to employee wellness.
The research findings reveal that line managers were aware of and had knowledge
about the existence of the EWP through marketing campaigns, inductions and
activities. They also confirmed they had personal engagement experience through
participation in the programme. They perceived the main purpose of the EWP as being
to support employees in achieving a work-life balance and providing counselling and
advisory services. Participants noted certain challenges with regard to participating in
the programme, such as fear of being judged, victimised and stigmatised, and a lack
of confidentiality and trust, which affects employees’ privacy and security. Also, they
doubted wellness officer competence, which included the necessary skills and training
for dealing with complex cases. Lastly, gender and cultural beliefs also posed
challenges. Line managers found it beneficial to participate in the EWP. It improved
employee wellness and performance. Employees developed mechanisms to cope with
work, personal and emotional problems. Wellness officer availability, competence and
skills were recommended by participants as ways of enhancing the EWP. Involvement
of other stakeholders was another recommendation for improvement. This
involvement would include wellness champions, organised labour and line managers.
Programme managers should consider increasing EWP awareness by improving
marketing, while emphasising programme benefits and confidentiality. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com (Industrial and Organizational Psychology)
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The puberty rites for girls (vukhomba) in the northern region of the Northern Province of South Africa: implications for women's health and health promotionMaluleke, Thelmah Xavela 01 January 2001 (has links)
Puberty rites are practised in many countries including South Africa. In South Africa the puberty rites have different names and different practices. This study focused on vukhomba among the Manchangana/Vatsonga. Vukhomba is conducted exclusively for girls who have reached menarche.
The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of utilising vukhomba for the improvement of the health status of women. The study design is a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive contextual research study conducted in the Northern region of the Northern Province among Vatsonga\Manchangana in four selected areas. The ethnographic strategy was used to gain access to the vukhomba to view and describe the rite from an emic perspective.
The sample included all girls who were initiates during January 1998 and December 1999 in the four selected areas, as well as Vadzabi, varileri, initiated girls, initiated women and vukhomba elders who attended the initaitions.
The techniques for data collection included participant observation, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, key informant interviews and feedback workshops.
The findings indicate that vukhomba is conducted during the school holidays in order to cater for girls who are still attending school. The sexuality education in this rite is mainly about encouraging initiates to maintain their virginity for their future husbands. Vukhomba therefore teaches girls attending the initiation the facts of life. It was however, found that girls often attend the initiation for material gain and respect for elders. The content of sexuality education information given to girls during the rite is inadequate. Initiated women and girls wanted to gain more knowledge about their bodies, their health, menstruation, child bearing and pregnancy, contraceptives and pregnancy.
After reviewing the findings of the research an intervention programme was developed and discussed with the initiated women and initiated girls. Vukhomba elders accepted the intervention programme, however, certain topics were not approved e.g. contraception. The intervention programme is expected to form part of the initiation programme in the future. Initiated community members will be trained to facilitate the activities of this programme. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil.
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Assessing behavioural intention of small and medium enterprises in implementing a HIV/AIDS policy and programmeParsadh, Adrian 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The relentless progression of HfV /AIDS epidemic has made it imperative that measures are
put in place to minimise its impact on Small and Medium Enterprises (SME). mv is set to
have a significant effect on every facet of the population, and SME is not immune.
Business is likely to feel the impact ofmv/AIDS epidemic through reduced productivity,
increased absenteeism, increased staff turnover, increased recruitment and training costs,
increased cost of employee benefits and poor staff morale. One of the interventions is to
implement a mv/AIDS policy and programme, yet a literature search showed that
psychological studies of SME in implementing a mv/AIDS policy and programme are
limited. The present study utilised the model of the theory of planned behaviour (Ajzen,
1985,1988, 1991), which is an extension of the theory of reasoned action (Fishbein &
Ajzen, 1975; Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980). Intention to implement a mv/AIDS policy and
programme was predicted by the theory of planned behaviour constructs such as attitude,
subjective norm and perceived behavioural control. The theory of planned behaviour was
found to be useful in assessing behavioural intention of SME in implementing a mv/AIDS
policy and programme. These findings indicate that implementing an intervention like a
mv/AIDS policy and programme by SMES is a behavioural intention motivated by
attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die meedoënlose progressie van die HIVNIGS pandemie het dit gebiedend noodsaaklik
gemaak om maatreëls daar te stelom die impak daarvan op klein en medium
sakeondernemings te minimaliseer. HIVNIGS sal 'n beduidende uitwerking hê op alle
vlakke van die bevolking. Klein en medium sakeondernemings is geen uitsondering nie.
Die uitwerking van die HIVNIGS pandemie sal tot gevolg hê 'n afname in produktiwiteit;
'n toename in personeelafwesigheid, personeelomset, personeelwerwing en -
opleidingskoste, personeelvoordele; en swak personeel moreel. Een manier om die
probleem aan te spreek is om 'n HIVNIGS beleid en program te implimenteer.
Ongelukkig toon literêre navorsing dat psigologiese studies van klein en medium
sakeondernemings om 'n HIVNIGS beleid en program te implimenteer, beperk is.
Dié navorsing steun op die teorie van planmatige gedrag (Ajzen, 1985; 1988; 1991), wat 'n
verlenging is van die teorie van beredeneerde optrede (Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975; Ajzen &
Fishbein, 1980). Die oogmerk met die implimentering van 'n HIVNIGS beleid en
program is bepaal deur die teorie van planmagtige gedrag soos waargeneem in
geesteshouding, subjektiewe norme en waargenome beheerde gedrag. Daar is gevind dat
die teorie van planmagtige gedrag nuttig is om die oogmerke en optrede van werknemers in
klein en medium sakeondernemings te bepaal met die implimentering van 'n HIVNIGS
beleid en program. Hierdie bevindings toon dat die implimentering en tussenkoms van 'n
HIVNIGS beleid en program by klein en medium sakeondernemings'n gedragsoogmerk is
wat gemotiveer word deur geesteshoudings, subjektiewe norme en waargenome beheerde
gedrag.
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The meanings of sustainable community wellness in Grabouw : exploring intersections of sustainability and wellness from a complexity thinking perspectiveVan Den Berg, Wessel Jan 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: An exploration of the integrated nature of sustainable development planning and health care was done
in the context of people living and working in the town of Grabouw in the Western Cape. The problem
that was investigated was that people working within local government and community health
networks treated sustainable development planning and health care as separate issues.
The notion of wellness, as different from health, was used as a central theme in the study. It allowed
for an acknowledgement of the multidimensionality and contextual nature of human well-being. The
notion of sustainable community wellness was used to guide the research, and was viewed as a
complex phenomenon. The meanings of sustainable community wellness to people who work and live
within local government and community health networks in Grabouw were observed and documented.
Complexity theory was then used to discuss the observed perspectives on sustainable community
wellness.
Two factors informed the selection of Grabouw as a research site: Firstly, a comprehensive
sustainable development programme was being carried out in the town of Grabouw during the
research. Secondly, a few community health care initiatives were also being implemented at the time.
Community care workers who worked in one of the community health organisations participated as
primary research participants.
The research combined conceptual and empirical research. The conceptual research consisted of a
literature review of perspectives on wellness in Grabouw. The empirical research methods that were
used combined ethnography in the form of participant observation, and participatory action research in
the form of participatory photography. The researcher accompanied community care workers on their
daily visits to patients. The care workers took photographs of aspects of their surroundings that
represented sustainable community wellness, or the lack thereof, to them. Photographs were analysed
through focus group discussions and pertinent themes were subsequently identified.
Three meanings of sustainable community wellness were discovered. The first was the structural,
governmental meaning that gave importance to health and socio-economic statistics, based on the
mortality profile of the area. Wellness was seen from this perspective as a challenge that could be met
with strategic planning. The second meaning was the community-based experience of environmental
factors in Grabouw that had an impact on wellness, such as water, community forums and living
spaces. In this case, wellness was experienced as a rich and diverse set of factors, both social and
environmental. The third meaning was observed as instances where the apparent separate entities of
local government, the community, and the physical environment were seen as one socio-ecological
system, of which sustainable community wellness was an emergent property.
These instances demonstrated the importance of managing the quality of relationships within the
system, the need to enhance the autonomy of people working in the system and the potential of
community care workers to be agents of sustainable community wellness. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ondersoek is gedoen na die geïntegreerde aard van volhoubare ontwikkelingsbeplanning en
gesondheidsorg in die konteks van mense wat in die dorp Grabouw in die Wes-Kaap woon en werk.
Die probleem wat ondersoek is, is dat mense wat in plaaslike regerings- en
gemeenskapsgesondsheidnetwerke werk, volhoubare ontwikkelingsbeplanning en gesondheidsorg as
afsonderlike sake beskou.
Die begrip ‘welstand’, wat in betekenis van ‘gesondheid’ verskil, is as 'n sentrale tema in die studie
gebruik, en is soortgelyk aan die begrip ‘welwees’. Dit het erkenning verleen aan die
meerdimensionele en kontekstuele aard van menslike welwees. Die begrip volhoubare gemeenskapswelstand
wat as 'n komplekse verskynsel beskou is, het die ondersoek gerig. Die betekenis van
volhoubare gemeenskaps-welstand vir mense wat in plaaslike regerings- en
gemeenskapsgesondheidnetwerke in Grabouw woon en werk, is waargeneem en gedokumenteer.
Kompleksiteitsteorie is voorts gebruik om die waargenome perspektiewe op die volhoubare
gemeenskaps-welstand te bespreek. Twee faktore het die besluit om Grabouw as 'n navorsingsgebied
te gebruik, beïnvloed: Eerstens was daar tydens die navorsingstydperk reeds 'n omvattende
volhoubare ontwikkeling program in Grabouw aan die gang. Tweedens was 'n paar
gemeenskapsgesondheidsorg-inisiatiewe ook in dié tydperk aktief. Gemeenskapgesondheidswerkers
wat in een van die gemeenskapsgesondheidsorganisasies gewerk het, was primêre deelnemers aan
die navorsing.
In hierdie ondersoek is konseptuele en empiriese navorsing gekombineer. Die konseptuele navorsing
het uit 'n literatuuroorsig van perspektiewe op welwees in Grabouw bestaan. Die empiriese
navorsingsmetodes wat gebruik is, het etnografie in die vorm van deelnemende waarneming, asook
deelnemende-aksie-navorsing in die vorm van deelnemende fotografie, behels. Die navorser het
gemeenskapsgesondheidswerkers op hul daaglikse besoeke aan pasiënte vergesel. Hierdie werkers
het foto's geneem van die aspekte van hul omgewing wat na hulle mening die volhoubare
gemeenskaps-welstand, of die gebrek daaraan, verteenwoordig. Foto's is tydens
fokusgroepbesprekings ontleed en relevante temas is daardeur geïdentifiseer.
Drie betekenisse van die volhoubare gemeenskaps-welstand het tydens die ondersoek na vore
gekom. Die eerste is die strukturele, regeringsverwante betekenis wat bestaan het uit gesondheidsen
sosio-ekonomiese statistiek, gebaseer op die sterftesyferprofiel van die gebied. Welstand is vanuit
hierdie perspektief gesien as 'n uitdaging wat deur middel van strategiese beplanning aangepak kon
word. Die tweede betekenis is die gemeenskapsgebaseerde ervaring van omgewingsfaktore wat 'n
uitwerking op welstand het, soos water, gemeenskapsforums en leefareas in Grabouw. Welstand is in
hierdie geval ervaar as bestaande uit 'n reeks ryke en diverse faktore wat beide sosiaal en
omgewingsverwant is. Die derde betekenis is waargeneem deur die identifisering van die gevalle wat
die kompleksiteit van die stelsel wat bestudeer is, verteenwoordig het. In hierdie gevalle is die
oënskynlike aparte entiteite van plaaslike regering, die gemeenskap, en die fisiese omgewing gesien
as 'n sosio-ekologiese sisteem waarvan volhoubare gemeenskaps-welstand 'n ontluikende element is. Deur hierdie gevalle is daar aangetoon dat dit belangrik is om die gehalte van die verhoudings binne
die stelsel te bestuur en om die outonomie van die mense wat binne die stelsel werk te ondersteun.
Ten slotte is die potensiaal van gemeenskapsgesondheidswerkers om as agente van die volhoubare
gemeenskaps-welstand op te tree, uitgelig.
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The effect of a physical wellness pathway on the chronic absenteeism of shift workers at an Eskom power stationSchouw, Darcelle D 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MScSportSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: For many companies, health care can consume half of corporate profits or more. Some
employers look to cost sharing, cost shifting, managed care plans, risk rating and cash
based rebates or incentives. These methods merely shift costs.
Absenteeism in South Africa claims 3.2% of all scheduled work hours, 43 000 work hours
per week, 9 days lost per employee per year and 1 employee in every 15 on a weekly
basis.
The main objective of this study was to establish the effect of a physical wellness
intervention on the chronic absenteeism of a governmental company like Eskom. Fiftyfour
males with a mean age of 42.13 years, participated in the program. Morphological and
physiological variables included fat percentage; body mass index (BMI), cholesterol, blood
pressure (BP), flexibility, cardiovascular endurance, waist circumference and muscle
endurance.
The participants were divided into four groups consisting of 12-15 individuals. Data was
collected over a period of six months (March-August 2001). There were six sessions in
which the subjects participated namely: wellness awareness, general body wellness, heart
wellness, stress wellness, posture wellness and nutritional wellness. These sessions
focussed on education, testing and physical activity, with follow-ups and maintenance at
the Biokinetic rehabilitation station.
Trends for the group were traced using a statistical analysis for absenteeism tallying the
GSAR (gross sickness absentee rate) and AFR (absentee frequency rate) for the
participants. The GSAR and AFR were significantly lower during the intervention. The
return of investment was calculated based on the amount of hours worked per month on
the August 2001 payroll, where the increment figure is based on an average increase of
7.9%. The result of the study concluded that work-site body wellness is health care reform
that works, with absenteeism decreasing significantly and an improved employee health
status. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Baie maatskappye kan die helfte of meer van hul wins aan gesondheidsorg spandeer.
Sommige werkgewers oorweeg kostedeling, verskuiwing van kostes,
gesondheidsorgplanne, risikobepaling en kontantkortings of aansporings. Hierdie metodes
skuif eerder net koste.
In Suid-Afrika word 3.2% van alle geskeduleerde werksure as gevolg van afwesigheid
verloor, 43 000 werksure per week, 9 dae per werknemer per jaar en 1 werknemer uit elke
15 op 'n weeklikse basis.
Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie was om die effek van 'n fisieke welstand intervensie op die
chroniese afwesigheid van 'n parastatale maatskappy soos Eskom daar te stel. Vier en
vyftig mans met 'n gemiddelde ouderdom van 42.13 jaar het aan die program
deelgeneem. Morfologiese en fisiologiese veranderlikes het vetpersentasie;
liggaamsmass-indeks (LMI), cholesterol, bloeddruk (BD), soepelheid, kardiovaskulêre
uithouvermoë, abdominale omtrek en spieruithouvermoë ingesluit.
Die deelnemers is in vier groepe verdeel wat uit 12-15 persone bestaan het. Data is oor 'n
periode van ses maande ingesamel (Maart-Augustus 2001). Die deelnemers het aan die
volgende ses sessies deelgeneem: bewustheid van welstand, algemene liggaamlike
welstand, hartwelstand, streswelstand, postuurwelstand en dieetwelstand. Hierdie sessies
het op die opvoeding, toetsing en fisieke aktiwiteit gefokus met opvolg-ondersoeke en
instandhouding by die Biokinetika rehabilitasiestasie.
Neigings vir die groep is opgevolg deur statistiese analise vir afwesigheid deur die TSAS
(totale siekte afwesigheidsyfer) en AFS (afwesigheidsfrekwensiesyfer) vir die deelnemers
aan te teken. Die TSAS en AFS was beduidend laer tydens die intervensie. Die
beleggingsopbrengs is bereken op die aantal ure per maand op die Augustus 2001
. betaalstaat met die toenamesyfer gebaseer op die gemiddelde verhoging van 7.9%. Die
resultaat van die studie is dat liggaamlike welstand by die werksplek voordelig is vir
gesondheidsorgverbetering en dat afwesigheid beduidend afneem terwyl daar ook 'n
verbetering in die gesondheidstatus van werknemers was.
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Health promotion needs of youth with physical disabilities with specific reference to spinal cord injury in the Western Cape -- South Africa.Njoki, Emmah January 2004 (has links)
This study aimed to determine health promotion needs of physically disabled youth with spinal cord injury. The study specifically explored health-related behaviours with reference to participation in physical activity and substance usage, factors that influenced these behaviours and major issues that needed to be targeted in health promotion.
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Factors preventing the uptake of HIV counseling and testing (HCT) programmes : the case of the Industrial Development Corporation in Johannesburg, South AfricaMooketsi, Mapule Linah 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: HIV counseling and testing (HCT) is a cornerstone of both HIV prevention and care in South Africa, but only one in five South Africans who are aware of HCT services have been tested for HIV and hence the uptake is reportedly low. This study investigated factors that prevent the uptake of HCT programme in the workplace. Specific factors that were looked at include: fear of learning about one‟s HIV status, HIV-stigma and discrimination and knowledge of and attitudes towards HCT. The study employed descriptive survey design; anonymous questionnaires were randomly distributed irrespective of age, gender, marital status, race, educational level, work position and experience. Closed and open-ended easy- to- answer questions which were written in English were asked; and they required fewer instructions. Ethical issues were considered and university guidelines followed. The results of this study showed that a great proportion of participants (93.8%) tested for HIV as compared to (6.2%) who had never tested. Of these, 59.4 % tested because they wanted to know their HIV status and, 43.8% of participants preferred using the workplace HCT programme for convenience; while 50% used private facilities for privacy and confidentiality. The study further established that fear of knowing one‟s HIV status, workplace discrimination, knowledge of and attitudes towards HCT were not associated with workplace HCT programme uptake. The results did however show that both participants who had tested and those who had not tested (68.8%) demonstrated significantly greater AIDS-related stigma. Supportive and collaborative efforts are necessary to create and promote an enabling and conducive environment in order to dispel workplace HIV-related stigma. In addition, it is imperative to develop and implement workplace stigma mitigation strategy putting in place interventions that aim to reduce all forms of stigma, as well as emphasizing on the benefits of testing. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: MIV/Vigs-voorligting en toetsing is die hoeksteen vir beide die voorkoming en versorging van MIV-pasiënte in Suid-Afrika. Ongelukkig is net ongeveer een uit elke vyf mense bewus van hulle MIV-status. Die doel van hierdie studie is 'n poging om vas te stel waarom so min mense gebruik maak van gratis toetsingsdienste in die werksplek. 'n Beskrywende studie-ontwerp is in hierdie navorsing gebruik met anonieme vraelyste wat ewekansig versprei is onder 'n steekproef waarin geen onderskeid ten opsigte van ras, geslag. opvoedkundige vlak, posisie in die werk en ervaring gemaak is nie. Geslote en oop-einde vrae is gebruik en Engels is as kommunikasiemedium gebruik omdat al die proefpersone dit verstaan het. Resultate van die studie het aangetoon dat beduidend meer mense hulle wel laat toets het teenoor die wat hulle nie laat toets het nie. Die studie het verder bevind dat faktore soos die vrees om status te weet; diskriminasie in die werksplek, kennis van en houding teenoor MIV/Vigs nie geassosieer kan word met die lae opname van vrywillige toetsing in die werksplek nie. Die studie het wel bevind dat diegene wat hulle . laat toets het, beduidend meer stigma in die werksplek ondervind. Ondersteunende dienste is uiters nodig ten einde stigma suksesvol in die werksplek te bestuur. Daar word voorgestel dat daar 'n volledige opleidingsprogram ,in die werksplek van die organisasie wat in die studie gebruik is, ontwikkel moet word ten einde die invloed van stigma tot 'n minimum te beperk.
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Health promotion needs of youth with physical disabilities with specific reference to spinal cord injury in the Western Cape -- South Africa.Njoki, Emmah January 2004 (has links)
This study aimed to determine health promotion needs of physically disabled youth with spinal cord injury. The study specifically explored health-related behaviours with reference to participation in physical activity and substance usage, factors that influenced these behaviours and major issues that needed to be targeted in health promotion.
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