Topic of work is an impact of digital self-tracking technologies such as wearable fitness trackers and smartphone self-tracking applications on individual. With using the methodology of semi- structured interviews, conducted with students who are engaged in self-tracking and comparative discourse analysis, when data received from interviews were compared with healthy lifestyle discourse, manifested in Czech internet media portals, research question of "How self-trackers perceive the impact of the technology of self-tracking on their physical activities and lifestyle, respectively differentiated among themselves in terms of impact and usage of self-tracking technology, and to what extent they perceive it similarly to the way self- tracking is presented in Czech internet media portals?" was answered in a following way: respondents were categorized as 'engaged' and 'sportsmen' users, and their relation to discourse was not complete, although they were using a proposed by media conceptualization of healthy lifestyle. In addition, paper proposes a theoretical overview over a problem of self- tracking and discusses the possibilities for future research.

The topic of the work is an impact of digital self-tracking technologies such as wearable fitness trackers and smartphone self-tracking applications on an individual. I used the methodology of semi-structured interviews, conducted with students engaged in self-tracking and comparative discourse analysis, when data received from the interviews were compared with healthy lifestyle discourse, partly manifested in the Czech internet media portals. The research question of "How self-trackers perceive the impact of the technology of self-tracking on their physical activities and lifestyle, respectively differentiated among themselves in terms of impact and usage of self-tracking technology, and to what extent they perceive it similarly to the way self- tracking is presented in Czech internet media portals?" was answered in the following way: the participants were categorized as 'engaged' and 'sportspeople' users, and their relation to discourse was not complete, although they were using the conceptualization of a healthy lifestyle proposed by media. In addition, the work proposes a theoretical overview of the issue of self-tracking and discusses the possibilities for future research.

This diploma thesis deals with the theme of nutrition habits in students from the medical faculties. The theoretical part describes importance of nutrition and nutrients in human nourishment. There are also mentioned dietary guidlines and the most common mistakes in nutrition in this age group. There are also analyzed student life problems like stress, lack of sleep and physical activities and improper nutrition habits. Finally one part of the theoretical part describes the importance of nutrition classes in medical schools, which is often insufficiently included in the curriculum. The aim of the practical part is to find out awareness of students from the medical faculties about basics of rational nutrition and their nutrition habits. The aim of this research is also to find out the frequency of consumption of some groups of food. The necessary data were obtained by a questionnaire survey, which then were recorded in graphs. The questionnaire was uploaded to several groups of medical student. The entire questionnaire was completed by 260 students. It was find out that students don't know the basics about nutrition. Therefore the curriculum should be improved. Two third of students are interested in composition of their diet. It was find out that the consumption of fruit, vegetables, cereals and...

Magister Scientiae (Nutrition Management) - MSc(NM) / In South Africa, healthcare professionals (HCPs) are at an increased risk of developing non-communicable diseases due to their unhealthy lifestyle behaviours, which mainly consist of excessive alcohol drinking and smoking, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diets. Attitudes towards healthy eating, a healthy lifestyle, and physical activity (PA) of individuals contribute towards individuals engaging in these health behaviours.

Childhood obesity affects roughly 1 in 5 children in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018). Childhood obesity is related to health concerns including physical illness, mental illness, and occupational imbalance (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016; Cantal, 2019; Pizzi, 2016). An in-depth literature review revealed that there are very few childhood obesity programs that support children at the familial or individual level. Rather, current programs are standardized, manualized, and do not allow for customization (Chomitz et al., 2010; Salmon et al., 2008). Program benefits vary based on the participants’ personal and familial factors and supports (Chomitz et al., 2010; Salmon et al., 2008). Therefore, many children do not receive the optimal benefits that these programs suggest. The author developed a 12-week, evidence-based, intervention program designed to guide occupational therapists in treating children with obesity. Behavior change theories guided both the understanding of the problem and the development of the program. Fit 4 You utilizes a flexible intervention approach that allows for customization of the program for each participant, therefore accounting for their personal and familial factors. The Fit 4 You intervention is guided by four evidence-based concepts: (1) planning, (2) self-efficacy, (3) practice and (4) fun. The short and long-term outcomes of this program provide necessary services to an in-need population and contribute to evidence-based practice for occupational therapists. Findings from the program evaluation research will used to improve the program design and will be disseminated to families and occupational therapists to promote program expansion.

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Souvent diagnostiqué à un stade avancé, le cancer du pancréas (CP) est un cancer particulièrement létal pour lequel il n’y a, à ce jour, que très peu de possibilités de traitement et de diagnostic anticipé. L’identification de facteurs de risque modifiables pourrait fournir des données épidémiologiques nécessaires au soutien de la mise en place de mesures préventives. Cette thèse a pour but d’étudier l’étiologie du CP en évaluant le rôle de la consommation d’alcool et du mode de vie dans l’étude prospective européenne sur le cancer et la nutrition (EPIC), cohorte multicentrique de plus de 500,000 sujets provenant de 10 pays européens. La consommation d’alcool a d’abord été évaluée en regard du risque de CP. Les rôles des différents types d’alcools ainsi que du tabagisme dans la relation entre l’alcool et le CP ont été examinés. Cette évaluation a montré qu’une consommation d’alcool élevée était associée à une augmentation du risque de CP. Ensuite, la relation entre le Healthy Lifestyle Index, un indicateur combinant le passé tabagique, la consommation d’alcool, l’alimentation, l’anthropométrie et l’activité physique, et le risque de CP a été étudiée. Pour quantifier l’impact de l’amélioration de ces facteurs, des fractions de CP attribuables ont été estimées en considérant des scénarios hypothétiques où les participants adopteraient des modes de vie plus sains. L’adhérence à des habitudes saines était fortement et inversement associée au risque de CP. Ces travaux ont apporté des connaissances informatives sur l’étiologie du CP, et soutiennent le développement de mesures de santé publique promouvant la prévention du CP par l’adoption de modes de vie sains / Commonly diagnosed at late stage, pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly fatal cancer with limited opportunities for early detection and effective treatment. The identification of modifiable risk factors may offer relevant scientific evidence for PC prevention. This doctoral research program investigated PC etiology through a comprehensive examination of the role of alcohol consumption and other lifestyle determinants in the occurrence of PC within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC) study, a multi-center cohort involving more than 500,000 participants from 10 European countries. Alcohol intake was evaluated with respect to the risk of PC. The role of different alcoholic beverages and potential effect modification by smoking habits on PC risk were also examined. Findings from this evaluation provided epidemiological evidence that large intakes of alcohol were associated with an increased risk of PC.The association between the healthy lifestyle index, a score combining information on smoking history, alcohol intake, diet, obesity, and physical activity and the risk of PC was examined. To quantify the impact of modifying several lifestyle factors, population attributable fractions were estimated assuming counterfactual scenarios whereby study participants hypothetically moved towards healthier behaviors. Adherence to healthy lifestyle habits was strongly inversely related to PC. This comprehensive evaluation provides informative insights on the etiology of PC and supports the development and implementation of public health guidelines to promote individuals’ adoption of healthy lifestyle habits for PC prevention

Bakgrund: Diabetes typ 2 är en folksjukdom och kan förebyggas eller fördröjas genom hälsosamma levnadsvanor. Att informera och motivera patienterna på ett hälsofrämjande och preventivt sätt är distriktssköterskans ansvar. Distriktssköterskans nyckelroll är att kritiskt granska evidensbaserad forskning för att uppnå en säker vård av god kvalitet som kan implementeras i praktiken. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva distriktssköterskors upplevelser av att motivera patienter med diabetes typ 2 till hälsosammare levnadsvanor genom evidensbaserad vård. Metod: En kvalitativ ansats användes. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med sju distriktssköterskor. Materialet analyserades utifrån Graneheim och Lundmans innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet i föreliggande studie visar att distriktssköterskorna måste utgå från patientens situation och individanpassa informationen. Genom stöd från distriktssköterskan ska patienten kunna motivera sig själv till att genomföra förändringar. Informanterna i studien belyste vikten av att informera patienten om diabetes samt vilka komplikationer som kan uppstå. För att uppnå en patientsäker vård av hög kvalitet ansåg distriktssköterskorna att evidensbaserad kunskap var en förutsättning. Konklusion: För att motivera patienterna till förändrade levnadsvanor krävs det att distriktssköterskorna informerar och undervisar patienterna om diabetes och hur förändrade levnadsvanor påverkar hälsan. Distriktssköterskan måste finna olika metoder för att motivera patienterna. Det som förmedlas ska grunda sig på vetenskap och evidensbaserad kunskap. / Background: Diabetes is a common disease and can be prevented by a healthy lifestyle. It is the district nurse's responsibility to inform and motivate patients in a health promotion and preventive manner. The district Nurse's role is to critically review evidence-based research to achieve a safe quality care. Purpose: The district Nurse's experiences of motivating patients with diabetes type 2 to healthier lifestyles by evidence-based care. Method: A qualitative approach was used. Interviews were conducted with seven district Nurses. The material was analyzed according to Graneheim and Lundmans content analysis. Results: The approach of the district nurses must be based on the patient's situation and personalize information. Support from the district nurse shall the patient be able to dedicate time and effort to implement these changes. The informants in this study illustrate the importance of informing the patient of diabetes and which complications that may arise. To achieve a patient safe care of high quality the district nurses deemed that an evidence-based knowledge was a prerequisite. Conclusion: To motivate patients to change their lifestyle, the district nurse must pass diabetes information and teach the patient how these lifestyle changes affect the health. The information must be based on evidence-based knowledge.

This thesis is a subset of a larger “parent” project under the direction of my supervisor, Dr. Cecilia Benoit. The purpose of the larger project is to seize an unique research opportunity that has emerged with the development and implementation of the HerWay Home (HWH) program, a community-based initiative for pregnant and early parenting women who face substance use and other challenges in the Greater Victoria Area. My research has capitalized on the pre-implementation phase of the HWH program between 2010-2011. Thirteen in-person semi-structured interviews were conducted with women who would likely be clients for the HWH program, based on their pregnancy experiences, substance use concerns and other life challenges. The goal of this research has been to explore these women’s pregnancy and postpartum narratives and investigate what, in their view, should be crucial components of the HWH intervention in the short and longterm. My findings indicate that, consistent with the literature on pregnant and early parenting women facing substance use and other life challenges, a range of complex, intertwined disadvantages exist in their lives that translate into multiple barriers to accessing continuous health and social care during their pregnancy and after the birth of their child. An adapted model of the Health Lifestyle Theory is used to frame the analysis of the data collected from this research. The results from this research support the argument that the life choices of the participants are constrained by structural life chances and socially determined inequities that systematically disadvantage and disempower them. The findings also reveal an implicit sense of agency in the women’s narratives, as well as key specifics about what they view as the main gaps in care and their desired program services. The findings will be relayed to HWH organizers, and used to inform the development and implementation of the program’s services. / Graduate

Background: Due to various factors, such as the restructuring of the South African Police Service (SAPS) in 1996, Police Social Work Services decided to broaden the scope of its services by developing and introducing proactive personnel capacity building programmes (PCBP's). Fifteen PCB programmes had been developed by 1999, which gave rise to the need for a comprehensive impact assessment of these programmes. This resulted in the Evaluation of Personnel Capacity Building Programmes (EPCBP) research project that was launched in 2001. The evaluation of the Healthy Lifestyle and Coping with Change programmes formed part of this comprehensive study. Objectives: The primary aim of the study was to determine the effect of the Healthy Lifestyle (HLS) and Coping with Change (CWC) programmes on the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of SAPS personnel. Method: The comparison group pre-test and post-test design and triangulation were used during this research. Six measuring scales and a presenter's evaluation questionnaire were developed and completed by 196 (HLS) and 184 (CWC) experimental group respondents, 38 (HLS) and 41 (CWC) comparison group members and 10 (HLS) and 7 (CWC) presenters. Results: With the help of various measuring instruments and the triangulation of measurements, it was determined that the Healthy Lifestyle and Coping with Change programmes had a practical significant effect on the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of the respondents. It was concluded that these programmes were effective tools in the hands of Police Social Work Service (PSWS) because they not only empowered SAPS personnel to lead more productive professional lives, but also enhanced their personal well-being. / Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.