Explosions cause the majority of injuries in the current conflicts, accounting for 79% of combat related injuries (Ramasamy et al. 2008). Blast overpressure from explosions can cause barotrauma to the lungs and the brain. Blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury has been labeled the "signature wound" of current military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan (Snell and Halter 2010). In addition to elevated number of blast-induced traumatic brain injuries due to increased military conflicts overseas and the usage of improvised explosive devices, the incidence of blast-induced polytrauma has risen due to the prevalence of terrorist events around the world (Arnold et al. 2004, Rodoplu et al. 2004). Blast-induced polytrauma is a major concern as lung injury can cause immediate mortality and brain injury causes long-lasting neurocognitive impairment. There is a critical lack of understanding the pathology of blast-induced polytrauma since the needs are multifaceted and therefore few options for treatment. Thus, the research presented in this dissertation required the development of a military-relevant blast polytrauma model to examine injury pathology and subsequently study the effects of hemostatic nanoparticle therapy after blast-induced polytrauma. The pre-clinical model was characterized and static overpressure thresholds were determined for lethality risk. It was confirmed to have many of the classic hallmarks of primary blast lung injury (PBLI), as well as blast-induced neurotrauma (BINT) (Clemedson 1950). Global hemorrhaging was found in the lungs and well as reduced oxygen saturation. Markers of astrogliosis and blood-brain barrier disruption were examined in the amygdala after blast. The novel nanoparticle configuration (hemostatic dexamethasone-loaded nanoparticles (hDNP) functionalized with a peptide that binds with activated platelets) was investigated and hypothesized to increase survival, reduce cellular injury and reduce anxiety-like disorders after blast polytrauma. After investigating hDNP, it was found that the hDNP treatment benefited survival percentage after injury as well as reduced percent hemorrhage in the lungs and improved physiology. Elevated anxiety parameters found in the controls were lower as compared to the hDNP group. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and cleaved caspase-3 were significantly elevated in the controls compared to the hDNP group in the amygdala. SMI-71 was also significantly elevated with the hDNP and hemostatic nanoparticle (hNP) treatments, similar to sham. In addition to the nanoparticles offering immediate life-saving qualities, administration of hemostatic nanoparticles improved amygdala pathology attributed to secondary mechanisms of blast injury, including blood-brain barrier disruption. This model of polytrauma can serve as a foundation for detailed pathological studies as well as testing therapeutics for injury modalities. References (Abstract) Arnold, J. L., P. Halpern, M. C. Tsai and H. Smithline (2004). "Mass casualty terrorist bombings: a comparison of outcomes by bombing type." Ann Emerg Med 43(2): 263-273. Clemedson, C. J., Granstom, S.A. (1950). "Studies on the genesis of "rib markings" in lung blast injury." Acta Physiol Scand. 21: 131-144. Ramasamy, A., S. E. Harrisson, J. C. Clasper and M. P. Stewart (2008). "Injuries from roadside improvised explosive devices." J Trauma 65(4): 910-914. Rodoplu, U., Arnold, J. L., Tokyay, R., Ersoy, G., Cetiner, S., Yucel, T. (2004) "Mass-casualty terrorist bombings in Istanbul, Turkey, November 2003: reports of the events and the prehospital emergency response." Prehosp Disaster Med 19(2):133-145. Snell, F. I. and M. J. Halter (2010). "A signature wound of war: mild traumatic brain injury." J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 48(2): 22-28. / Ph. D.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-133).

Acute variceal bleeding (AVB) is the most dramatic complication of portalhypertension. It occurs in one-third of cirrhotic patients with varices and causes70% of all upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding episodes in cirrhotic patientsresulting in major morbidity and mortality despite improvements in primaryprophylaxis and management of acute bleeding episodes over the past threedecades. The best strategies for management of AVB have been investigated innumerous clinical trials and this has led to multiple guidelines. Endoscopicmanagement combined with pharmacotherapy is the ideal strategy to controlvariceal bleeding, but this can be challenging. Bleeding may be difficult to identifyor may occur from sites that are difficult to approach. A trained multidisciplinaryteam consisting of endoscopists, hepatologists, and specialized nurses as well asinterventional radiologists is required to administer the ideal treatment for AVB.However, this setup is not available everywhere. Early management of AVB ismandatory within 24 hours of admission and better outcomes are reported in thosepatients who receive endoscopic therapy within 12 hours. Although this is stillcontroversial, it seems to be increasingly obvious that earlier hemostasis leads tobetter outcomes.In practice, treatment for AVB is often delayed by a lack of expert endoscopists.Therefore, having a simple endoscopic hemostatic technique that does not requirean experienced team could have a major impact on AVB management.Hemospray powder (Hemospray, TC-325; Cook Medical Inc. Winston-Salem, NC,USA) is an FDA-approved organic powder made from a proprietary mineral blend.The material works in two different ways: as a mechanical barrier and byabsorption. When in contact with the bleeding site, the powder forms a barrier over6the vessel wall, quickly stopping the bleeding. In addition, the absorbent powderincreases the local concentration of clotting factors and enhances clot formation.Previous studies described Hemospray as a simple and feasible new modality forobtaining rapid hemostasis of peptic ulcer bleeding during gastrointestinalendoscopy, either as primary treatment or as a salvage indication.The work presented here evaluated the safety, feasibility, clinical efficacy, andpotential outcome benefits of applying this hemostatic powder early in themanagement of AVB, as a potential new clinical indication. We have performedour research in three phases, starting with a safety study on AVB that originatedfrom esophageal varices and two case reports on portal hypertension-relatedbleeding. This was followed by an efficacy study and then we confirmed our datain a randomized controlled study where we observed a potential impact on survival,opening the door to additional clinical investigations.The aim of the research was to investigate the concept of treating portalhypertension-related AVB with early endoscopic hemostasis using a novelhemostatic powder which can be applied without the need for a skilled team.We showed that this easy-to-perform technique, in a novel indication, is indeed safeand effective when added to the gold standard of care for AVB and can improveendoscopic and clinical hemostasis, providing easier elective treatment with lessneed for experienced teams. An effect on mortality was also observed in therandomized controlled study as a secondary outcome measure.The next step is to design a study focused on survival, perhaps with a simplifieddesign in which the spraying catheter can be used without the need for endoscopyor sedation. Another interesting future investigation will be to design a study thatcompares two groups with early powder application that are randomized within 247to 48 hours either to elective endoscopic treatment or a transjugular intrahepaticportosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure. This would allow us to learn whether thisnew therapeutic approach impacts the need for early TIPS placement in severe casesof AVB. / Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Médecine) / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is a recently described condition which traditionally has been diagnosed by the common coagulation tests (CCTs) such as prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), platelet count, and fibrinogen levels. The varying sensitivity and specificity of these CCTs have led trauma coagulation researchers and clinicians to use Viscoelastic Tests (VET) such as Thromboelastography (TEG) to provide Targeted Thromboelastographic Hemostatic and Adjunctive Therapy (TTHAT) in a goal directed fashion to those trauma patients in need of hemostatic resuscitation. This review describes the utility of VETs, in particular, TEG, to provide TTHAT in trauma and acquired non-trauma-induced coagulopathy.

Claritromicina e clofazimina são utilizadas no tratamento da hanseníase e em infecções causadas pelo complexo Mycobacterium avium, comuns em portadores do HIV. Devido à escassez de dados sobre a toxicidade de esquemas terapêuticos que associam estes fármacos, este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos adversos desta terapia, em ratos machos Wistar, por meio da determinação de parâmetros hematológicos, hemostáticos e bioquímicos e correlação destes parâmetros com a dose e concentração plasmática dos medicamentos, em regime de doses únicas e múltiplas. Para tanto foram realizados: a) contagem global e específica de leucócitos (método manual) e ensaios de fagocitose e burst oxidativo de neutrófilos (citometria de fluxo); b) contagem de plaquetas (método manual), tempo de protrombina, tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada, níveis plasmáticos dos fatores VII e X (método automatizado); c) níveis séricos de gama-glutamiltransferase (método cinéticocolorimétrico) e bilirrubinas total e direta (método colorimétrico); d) concentrações plasmáticas dos fármacos (Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência). Não houve diferenças entre as concentrações plasmáticas dos fármacos administrados em monoterapia ou politerapia. Entretanto, tanto clofazimina como claritromicina tiveram redução das concentrações plasmáticas em regime de doses múltiplas, quando comparadas à dose única. Houve aumento do número de leucócitos (dose múltipla) e de células polimorfonucleares (doses única e múltipla) nos grupos tratados com claritromicina em monoterapia ou associada à clofazimina, e redução das células mononucleares, em doses única e múltipla, nos mesmos grupos. Os fármacos parecem inverter a proporção entre células mono e polimorfonucleares. Observou-se aumento do burst oxidativo nos animais tratados com os fármacos tanto em monoterapia como em regime de politerapia. Entretanto, não houve diferença entre os tratamentos com os fármacos em relação ao controle DMSO, em dose única. Em doses múltiplas, os tratamentos com clofazimina e claritromicina em monoterapia ou politerapia estimularam o aumento do burst oxidativo (p < 0,0001) em relação ao controle DMSO. Não foram verificadas diferenças na fagocitose entre os grupos tratados e controle, tanto em dose única como em doses múltiplas. Tempo de protrombina e tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada não foram alterados com o uso dos fármacos. Os fatores VII e X da coagulação tiveram aumento de suas atividades quando os ratos foram tratados em regime de dose múltipla com claritromicina, em regime de mono e politerapia. Houve perda de cerca de 8 % do peso de ratos tratados com clofazimina e 18 % daqueles tratados com claritromicina ou com a associação dos dois fármacos, no esquema de doses múltiplas, entretanto não houve diferença entre os grupos quando foram avaliados os níveis de gama-glutamiltransferase e bilirrubinas total e direta. Concluindo, clofazimina e claritromicina provocam alterações hematológicas, hemostáticas e bioquímicas e os resultados de concentração plasmática são valiosos para avaliação de efeitos adversos em estudos comparativos de monoterapia e politerapia entre os medicamentos. / Clarithromycin and clofazimine have been used to treat leprosy and infections caused by Mycobacterium avium complex in HIV patients. Because there are few data about the toxicity of treatment regimens involving these drugs, this study aimed to evaluate the adverse effects of this therapy in male Wistar rats through the determination of hematological, haemostatic and biochemical parameters and correlate them with the dose and plasma concentrations of drugs, under a single and multiple dose regimen. Evaluation was performed as follows: a) Global and specific count of leukocytes (manual method), phagocytosis and oxidative burst of neutrophils assays (flow cytometry), b) platelet count (manual method), prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, plasma levels of factors VII and X (automated method), c) Gamma-glutamyltransferase (kinetic-colorimetric method) and total and direct bilirubin serum levels (colorimetric method), d) plasma concentrations of drugs (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography). There were no differences between plasma concentrations of the drugs administered in monotherapy or polytherapy. However, the concentrations of both clofazimine and clarithromycin have decreased in plasma in multiple dose regimen compared to single dose. There was an increase in the number of leukocytes (multiple dose) and polymorphonuclear cells (single and multiple doses) in the groups treated with clarithromycin in monotherapy or in association with clofazimine, and a decrease in the number of mononuclear cells in single and multiple doses, in the same groups. Both drugs seemed to reverse the proportion between mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells. The oxidative burst was observed in animals treated with drugs in polytherapy or in monotherapy, however there was no difference between the treatment with drugs and the control with DMSO in single dose. In multiple doses, treatment with clofazimine and clarithromycin in monotherapy or polytherapy stimulated the increase of oxidative burst (p <0.0001) compared to control. There were no differences in phagocytosis between the treated and control groups in single and multiple doses. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time have not changed with the use drugs. In contrast, the activities of factors VII and X of coagulation have increased when rats were treated with multiple doses regimes with clarithromycin alone or in association with clofazimine. There was weight loss of 8% in rats treated with clofazimine and 18% in those treated with clarithromycin or with association of the drugs in the multiple doses regimen. However, there was no difference between the groups when gammaglutamyltransferase and total and direct bilirubin levels were analyzed. Therefore, clofazimine and clarithromycin induce hematological, hemostatic and biochemical changes and the results of plasma concentration is valuable for assessing adverse effects in comparative studies of monotherapy and polytherapy of these drugs.

Orientador: Joyce Maria Annichino-Bizzacchi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T06:35:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Araujo_GrazielaSilveira_M.pdf: 2289744 bytes, checksum: 6cde67a2a95fde59c04e1240833b9c41 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Em uma parcela de pacientes com quadro clínico hemorrágico ou trombótico, nenhum diagnóstico etiológico é estabelecido. Os pacientes com doença hemorrágica, muitas vezes importante, podem apresentar todos os exames de triagem e dosagem específica de fatores da coagulação dentro dos valores da normalidade. OBS.: O resumo na integra poderá ser visualizado no link ou texto completo da tese digital / Abstract: In a parcel of patients with hemorrhagic or thrombotic clinical picture, none etiologic diagnosis is established. The patients with hemorrhagic desorder, many times important, can present all inside the screening tests and specific dosage of factors of the coagulation of the values of normality. Note: the complete abstract is avaiable with the link or full eletronic digital theses or dissertations / Mestrado / Biologia Estrutural, Celular, Molecular e do Desenvolvimento / Mestre em Fisiopatologia Médica

Submitted by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2016-06-09T18:10:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Flávia Resende Martins da Costa - 2015.pdf: 3435054 bytes, checksum: 67b9295abbfceafe67eca1e096f71930 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-06-10T12:37:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Flávia Resende Martins da Costa - 2015.pdf: 3435054 bytes, checksum: 67b9295abbfceafe67eca1e096f71930 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-10T12:37:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Flávia Resende Martins da Costa - 2015.pdf: 3435054 bytes, checksum: 67b9295abbfceafe67eca1e096f71930 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-30 / Chitosan is a polysaccharide amino derivative of chitin, and constitutes most of the insects and crustaceans exoskeletons and fungal cell wall, thus being a low-cost, renewable and abundant, biodegradable natural product. Biological characteristics, biocompatibility and biodegradability allows various uses of this biomaterial in healthcare. The present study aimed to evaluate the hemostatic contact effect and tissue response to the implant of chitosan-alginate sponge in hepatic lesion in Swiss mice, comparing to freeze-dried hydrolyzed collagen sponges. The lesions were surgically induced. The hemostatic contact effects of chitosan and hydrolyzed collagen sponges were evaluated through its mechanical compression on hemorrhagic lesions, while the effects of his implants were observed from the incorporation of fragments of those sponges in liver failures. Gauze sponges were used as control for contact study. For the implants evaluation, liver segments removed to produce hepatic injury were used as controls. Average hemostasis times for chitosan and collagen treatments were 49 seconds, and one minute and 28 seconds for gauze treatments. Grossly, omental adhesions were observed on the implants and faster integration of collagen sponge at receiver tissue. Microscopic evaluation showed inflammatory reaction to both implanted materials and collagen synthesis stimulation. Average percentage of collagen from hepatic recipients segments of the chitosan-alginate sponge implant, and collagen hydrolyzate sponge implant increased significantly between 7 and 14 days postoperatively, pointing to a stimulating effect exerted by chitosan sponges for tissue repair. In conclusion, chitosan sponges have hemostatic action and stimulating effect on the synthesis of hepatic collagen fibers. / A quitosana é um polissacarídeo amino derivado da quitina. Constitui a maior parte dos exoesqueletos dos insetos, crustáceos e parede celular de fungos, sendo um produto natural, de baixo custo, renovável e biodegradável. Características como biocompatibilidade e biodegradabilidade possibilitam diversas utilizações deste biomaterial na área da saúde. Com o presente estudo objetivou-se avaliar o efeito hemostático ao contato e a reação tecidual ao implante de esponja de quitosana-alginato em lesão hepática em camundongos (linhagem Swiss) saudáveis, comparando-os aos de esponjas de colágeno hidrolisado liofilizadas. As lesões foram induzidas cirurgicamente. O acesso à cavidade abdominal foi feito por meio de incisão longitudinal mediana pré-retro-umbilical, seguida de localização e exposição do lobo hepático esquerdo. O defeito hepático foi realizado por incisão circular através da cápsula hepática com punch dermatológico de 5,0mm, centralizado na região exposta do lobo esquerdo. Os efeitos hemostáticos de contato das esponjas de quitosana e colágeno hidrolisado foram avaliados por meio de sua compressão sobre as lesões hemorrágicas, enquanto os efeitos de seu implante foram observados a partir da incorporação de fragmentos das referidas esponjas nos defeitos hepáticos produzidos. Esponjas de gaze foram usadas como controle para o estudo de contato. Para a avaliação dos implantes, os segmentos hepáticos retirados para a produção da falha hepática foram utilizados como controles. Os tempos médios para hemostasia nos tratamentos com quitosana e colágeno foram de 49 segundos e, nos tratamentos com gaze, um minuto e 28 segundos. À macroscopia observaram-se aderências omentais sobre os implantes e integração mais rápida da esponja de colágeno ao tecido receptor. A avaliação microscópica evidenciou reação inflamatória aos dois materiais implantados e estímulo à síntese de colágeno. A percentagem média de colágeno dos segmentos hepáticos receptores dos implantes de esponja de quitosana-alginato e de esponja de colágeno hidrolisado apresentou elevação significativa entre 7 e 14 dias pós-operatórios, permitindo inferir efeito estimulante exercido pelas esponjas de quitosana sobre a reparação tissular. Concluiu-se que esponjas de quitosana apresentam ação hemostática e efeito estimulante sobre a síntese de fibras colágenas hepáticas.

Claritromicina e clofazimina são utilizadas no tratamento da hanseníase e em infecções causadas pelo complexo Mycobacterium avium, comuns em portadores do HIV. Devido à escassez de dados sobre a toxicidade de esquemas terapêuticos que associam estes fármacos, este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos adversos desta terapia, em ratos machos Wistar, por meio da determinação de parâmetros hematológicos, hemostáticos e bioquímicos e correlação destes parâmetros com a dose e concentração plasmática dos medicamentos, em regime de doses únicas e múltiplas. Para tanto foram realizados: a) contagem global e específica de leucócitos (método manual) e ensaios de fagocitose e burst oxidativo de neutrófilos (citometria de fluxo); b) contagem de plaquetas (método manual), tempo de protrombina, tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada, níveis plasmáticos dos fatores VII e X (método automatizado); c) níveis séricos de gama-glutamiltransferase (método cinéticocolorimétrico) e bilirrubinas total e direta (método colorimétrico); d) concentrações plasmáticas dos fármacos (Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência). Não houve diferenças entre as concentrações plasmáticas dos fármacos administrados em monoterapia ou politerapia. Entretanto, tanto clofazimina como claritromicina tiveram redução das concentrações plasmáticas em regime de doses múltiplas, quando comparadas à dose única. Houve aumento do número de leucócitos (dose múltipla) e de células polimorfonucleares (doses única e múltipla) nos grupos tratados com claritromicina em monoterapia ou associada à clofazimina, e redução das células mononucleares, em doses única e múltipla, nos mesmos grupos. Os fármacos parecem inverter a proporção entre células mono e polimorfonucleares. Observou-se aumento do burst oxidativo nos animais tratados com os fármacos tanto em monoterapia como em regime de politerapia. Entretanto, não houve diferença entre os tratamentos com os fármacos em relação ao controle DMSO, em dose única. Em doses múltiplas, os tratamentos com clofazimina e claritromicina em monoterapia ou politerapia estimularam o aumento do burst oxidativo (p < 0,0001) em relação ao controle DMSO. Não foram verificadas diferenças na fagocitose entre os grupos tratados e controle, tanto em dose única como em doses múltiplas. Tempo de protrombina e tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada não foram alterados com o uso dos fármacos. Os fatores VII e X da coagulação tiveram aumento de suas atividades quando os ratos foram tratados em regime de dose múltipla com claritromicina, em regime de mono e politerapia. Houve perda de cerca de 8 % do peso de ratos tratados com clofazimina e 18 % daqueles tratados com claritromicina ou com a associação dos dois fármacos, no esquema de doses múltiplas, entretanto não houve diferença entre os grupos quando foram avaliados os níveis de gama-glutamiltransferase e bilirrubinas total e direta. Concluindo, clofazimina e claritromicina provocam alterações hematológicas, hemostáticas e bioquímicas e os resultados de concentração plasmática são valiosos para avaliação de efeitos adversos em estudos comparativos de monoterapia e politerapia entre os medicamentos. / Clarithromycin and clofazimine have been used to treat leprosy and infections caused by Mycobacterium avium complex in HIV patients. Because there are few data about the toxicity of treatment regimens involving these drugs, this study aimed to evaluate the adverse effects of this therapy in male Wistar rats through the determination of hematological, haemostatic and biochemical parameters and correlate them with the dose and plasma concentrations of drugs, under a single and multiple dose regimen. Evaluation was performed as follows: a) Global and specific count of leukocytes (manual method), phagocytosis and oxidative burst of neutrophils assays (flow cytometry), b) platelet count (manual method), prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, plasma levels of factors VII and X (automated method), c) Gamma-glutamyltransferase (kinetic-colorimetric method) and total and direct bilirubin serum levels (colorimetric method), d) plasma concentrations of drugs (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography). There were no differences between plasma concentrations of the drugs administered in monotherapy or polytherapy. However, the concentrations of both clofazimine and clarithromycin have decreased in plasma in multiple dose regimen compared to single dose. There was an increase in the number of leukocytes (multiple dose) and polymorphonuclear cells (single and multiple doses) in the groups treated with clarithromycin in monotherapy or in association with clofazimine, and a decrease in the number of mononuclear cells in single and multiple doses, in the same groups. Both drugs seemed to reverse the proportion between mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells. The oxidative burst was observed in animals treated with drugs in polytherapy or in monotherapy, however there was no difference between the treatment with drugs and the control with DMSO in single dose. In multiple doses, treatment with clofazimine and clarithromycin in monotherapy or polytherapy stimulated the increase of oxidative burst (p <0.0001) compared to control. There were no differences in phagocytosis between the treated and control groups in single and multiple doses. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time have not changed with the use drugs. In contrast, the activities of factors VII and X of coagulation have increased when rats were treated with multiple doses regimes with clarithromycin alone or in association with clofazimine. There was weight loss of 8% in rats treated with clofazimine and 18% in those treated with clarithromycin or with association of the drugs in the multiple doses regimen. However, there was no difference between the groups when gammaglutamyltransferase and total and direct bilirubin levels were analyzed. Therefore, clofazimine and clarithromycin induce hematological, hemostatic and biochemical changes and the results of plasma concentration is valuable for assessing adverse effects in comparative studies of monotherapy and polytherapy of these drugs.

Orientador: José Geraldo Nery / Resumo: A busca por novos materiais, principalmente materiais que apresentem múltiplas aplicações, continua atraindo pesquisas ao redor do mundo. Dentre os materiais pesquisados com esse intuito, os compósitos ganham destaque. Compósitos são materiais mistos formados pela união de dois ou mais materiais diferentes com a finalidade de produzir um material novo com propriedades distintas, em relação aos seus materiais de origem. Os compósitos podem ser aplicados em diferentes áreas, entre elas encontram-se a remediação ambiental e a hemostasia. A remediação ambiental se faz necessária principalmente pelo fato de que muitas fontes hídricas acabam sendo poluídas por resíduos nocivos a saúde humana e animal, como metais pesados, e o consumo destas águas acaba causando sérias doenças. Devido a isso a busca por agentes capazes de retirar estes poluentes da água torna-se necessária. Outro grande problema de saúde publica são as hemorragias incontroladas que continuam sendo umas das principais causas de mortes no mundo. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi sintetizar um compósito que apresente a capacidade de atuar tanto como agente de remediação ambiental como agente hemostático. O compósito foi sintetizado utilizando zeólita e quitosana como suas matrizes. O material foi caracterizado por Difração de Raios-X; Espectroscopia de Infravermelho e Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura. O potencial de ação ambiental foi testado analisando a absorção de cátions de cádmio e chumbo, presentes... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The search for new materials, especially materials with multiple applications, continues to attract research from around the world. Among the materials researched for this purpose, composites stand out. Composites are mixed materials formed by joining two or more different materials in order to produce a new material with distinct properties relative to their source materials. Composites can be applied in different areas, including environmental remediation and hemostasis. Environmental remediation is necessary mainly due to the fact that many water sources end up being polluted by waste harmful to human and animal health, such as heavy metals, and the consumption of these waters ends up causing serious diseases. Because of this the search for agents capable of removing these pollutants from water becomes necessary. Another major public health problem is uncontrolled bleeding, which remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In this context, the objective of this work was to synthesize a composite that presents the ability to act as both environmental remediation agent and hemostatic agent. The composite was synthesized using zeolite and chitosan as their matrices. The material was characterized by X-ray diffraction; Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The environmental action potential was tested by analyzing the absorption of cadmium and lead cations present in aqueous solution by the material, and the possible hemostatic application of the ma... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

No presenta resumen. / Revisión por pares