京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第20188号 / 理博第4273号 / 新制||理||1614(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星科学専攻 / (主査)教授 竹村 惠二, 准教授 堤 浩之, 教授 林 愛明 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(医学) / 乙第13162号 / 論医博第2149号 / 新制||医||1029(附属図書館) / (主査)教授 武田 俊一, 教授 松田 文彦, 教授 清水 章 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

No description available.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Despite growing recognition as a significant natural resource, methods for accurately estimating urban tree canopy cover extent and change over time are not well-established. This study evaluates new methods and data sources for mapping urban tree canopy cover, assessing the potential for increased accuracy by integrating high-resolution satellite imagery and 3D imagery derived from LIDAR and stereoscopic sensors. The results of urban tree canopy classifications derived from imagery, 3D data, and vegetation index data are compared across multiple urban land use types in the City of Indianapolis, Indiana. Results indicate that incorporation of 3D data and vegetation index data with high resolution satellite imagery does not significantly improve overall classification accuracy. Overall classification accuracies range from 88.34% to 89.66%, with resulting overall Kappa statistics ranging from 75.08% to 78.03%, respectively. Statistically significant differences in accuracy occurred only when high resolution satellite imagery was not included in the classification treatment and only the vegetation index data or 3D data were evaluated. Overall classification accuracy for these treatment methods were 78.33% for both treatments, with resulting overall Kappa statistics of 51.36% and 52.59%.

No description available.

The standard L2B ocean wind product from the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) is retrieved as a 25 km product on a 12.5 km grid. Ultra-high resolution (UHR) processing allows ASCAT wind retrieval on a high-resolution 1.25 km grid. Ideally, such a high-resolution sample grid provides wind information down to a 2.5 km scale, allowing better analysis of winds with high spatial variability such as those in near-coastal regions and storms. Though the wind field is sampled on a finer grid, the actual data resolution needs to be validated. This thesis provides an analysis and validation of ASCAT UHR wind estimates in order to determine the improvement in resolution compared to the L2B product. This is done using analysis tools such as statistics, the power spectrum, and derivative fields, and through comparison to other high-resolution data such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The improvement of UHR wind retrieval is also explored by reducing ambiguity selection errors and correcting for contamination of wind vectors near land. Results confirm that ASCAT UHR winds contain high-resolution information that is not present in the L2B product. The resolution improvement is difficult to quantify due to a lack of truth data. Nevertheless, there is evidence to suggest that the resolution is improved by at least a factor of three to 10 km, and perhaps down to 3 or 4 km. It is found through comparison of UHR and SAR winds that (1) both products have common fine-scale features, (2) their comparative statistics are similar to that of L2B and SAR, suggesting that the high resolution content agrees just as well as the low resolution content because the comparison is performed at a finer scale (3) both products have derivative fields that match well, (4) the UHR product benefits from high-resolution direction information, and (5) the UHR product matches better the expected spectral properties of ocean winds. For the UHR processing improvement methods, the model-based improvement of UHR ambiguity selection allows obvious ambiguity errors to be found and corrected, increases the self-consistency of the wind field, and causes the spectrum to better follow a power law at high wavenumbers. The removal of land-contamination from near-coastal wind vectors allows accurate wind retrieval much closer to land and greater visibility of high-resolution wind features near the coast.

Photodegradation is a major degradation mechanism for many environmental contaminants, both in indoor environments as well as in outdoor environments, and many of the contaminants are persistent and toxic. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the exact degradation process for many of them. It is important to not only monitor and study environmental contaminants that are commonly found. But it is also important to be able to identify their degradation products, however, due to lack of standards there is a difficulty to conduct identification. There is also the drawback with most spectral libraries used for identification being recorded at low resolution, when new instruments are being developed for using high resolution. This makes it challenging to identify compounds with spectral peaks that differ only slightly in their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). Thus, the aim of this study was to determine potential degradation products from different compounds commonly found in indoor environments and then add these findings to a spectral library for high resolution mass spectrometry. This was conducted by first exposing the standards to ultraviolet (UV) light, and then the chemical analysis was performed using a gas chromatography coupled with a high resolution mass spectrometer. All data was then processed in different software in order to determine potential products. Many of the compounds did not indicate any degradation using the experimental settings, and for some not even the parent compound could be identified. In total, four potential degradation products were found in this study; degradation products were identified for hexabromobenzene (HBB) with penta-, tetra-, and tribromobenzene, as well as one potential product for 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EHTBB).

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第23881号 / 工博第4968号 / 新制||工||1776(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科機械理工学専攻 / (主査)教授 蓮尾 昌裕, 教授 松原 厚, 教授 鈴木 基史 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

Chest pain is one of the most common symptoms responsible for emergency department and primary care office visits in the United States. Chest pain can be noncardiac and may be attributed to multiple causes. Esophageal disorders including reflux, motility and functional conditions, affect a large proportion of patients with NCCP and lead to significant morbidity. The use of HRM has changed the diagnostic approach to esophageal motility disorders. It is the most specific and sensitive test for diagnosing motor disorders and a promising procedure in detecting dysmotility disorders in patients with NCCP. Despite the increased sensitivity of HRM, the main indications for esophageal manometry exclude NCCP. This study assessed the percentage of undiagnosed esophageal motility disorders in patients with NCCP referred for high resolution manometry. Differences in HRM findings in patients with NCCP versus patients meeting AGA recommendations for the clinical use of esophageal manometry were also compared. A retrospective descriptive design was utilized. Two hundred-nineteen patient charts were reviewed. One hundred sixty-eight (77%) patients underwent HRM and met AGA recommendations for esophageal manometry; 51 (23%) patients underwent the procedure after receiving a NCCP diagnosis. Findings showed that 116 (69%) patients in the AGA group had abnormal findings while 52 (31%) did not. In the NCCP group 34 (67%) had abnormal findings compared to 17 (33%) who did not. To compare normal and abnormal HRM findings in patients with NCCP versus those meeting AGA criteria, Chi-Square analysis was performed between the groups. The results were not statistically significant (p = 0.10). iv There were no significant differences in the results of HRM in both groups indicating the findings on HRM are the same despite the indication for the procedure. The findings support the use of HRM as a diagnostic tool in patients with chest pain after cardiac workup and endoscopic evaluation. This indicates a possible need to update the AGA indications for esophageal manometry and increase the awareness among healthcare providers regarding the use of HRM in patients with chest pain. Implication for future research is also discussed.

Three-dimensional computer models, especially geospatial architectural data sets, can be visualized in the same way humans experience the world, providing a realistic, interactive experience. Scene familiarization, architectural analysis, scientific visualization, and many other applications would benefit from finely detailed, high resolution, 3D models. Automated methods to construct these 3D models traditionally has produced data sets that are often low fidelity or inaccurate; otherwise, they are initially highly detailed, but are very labor and time intensive to construct. Such data sets are often not practical for common real-time usage and are not easily updated. This thesis proposes Variable Resolution & Dimensional Mapping (VRDM), a methodology that has been developed to address some of the limitations of existing approaches to model construction from images. Key components of VRDM are texture palettes, which enable variable and ultra-high resolution images to be easily composited; texture features, which allow image features to integrated as image or geometry, and have the ability to modify the geometric model structure to add detail. These components support a primary VRDM objective of facilitating model refinement with additional data. This can be done until the desired fidelity is achieved as practical limits of infinite detail are approached. Texture Levels, the third component, enable real-time interaction with a very detailed model, along with the flexibility of having alternate pixel data for a given area of the model and this is achieved through extra dimensions. Together these techniques have been used to construct models that can contain GBs of imagery data.