Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is an intricate and complex disorder that continues to grow in its prevalence year after year. The disorder is based on decreased social communication with prevalent stereotypical behaviors and problems in sensory processing. Due to the disorder diagnosis based on a spectrum, each child is different in their severity, and thus requires individualized forms of therapies and treatments. The cause of ASD is unknown, which makes the treatment difficult to standardize. Desperate to find a regimen that benefits their child’s ability to function more successfully, more and more parents are utilizing complementary alternative medicine (CAM). The problem with CAM is lack of evidence that supports using CAM practice. One example of CAM is hippotherapy, which is a type of intervention used by physical, occupational and speech therapists which uses the movements of a horse to address a patient’s impairments physically, emotionally and neurologically. Hippotherapy has been used since the 1960s for a number of disorders. This systematic literature review examines the effects of hippotherapy for children with ASD in regards to increasing social communication and decreasing stereotypical behaviors. The conclusion of the review resulted in conflicting evidence regarding the efficacy of hippotherapy for children with ASD. This inconclusive lack of evidence is generally due to the lack of standardized measurement scales or treatment plans used during each session and small sample sizes.

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Hippotherapy belongs to the family of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation methods. It especially benefits the rehabilitation care of complex neurological patients. This paper theoretically examines the methodology of hippotherapy. Further, this paper examines an evaluative survey of 21 subjects after intensive hippotherapy who were initially diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The immediate, short and medium term effect of the therapy was exami-ned. For the evaluation the intercondylic index, Collis symptom and position reaction tests were used. The testing is complemented with a questionnaire filled in by parents with 11 pa-rameters, which included changes in the functions of knowledge and psyche of the child. The results show that there is a statistically significant improvement in all examined parameters after immediate and weekly therapy. Thus this method can be recommended as a possible approach to the therapy of children with cerebral palsy. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This thesis "Zootherapy and its utilization in practice" deals with zootherapy, its metods and using animals like healers and companions. The thesis it divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the first part I write about zootherapy as a whole and its forms. In the practical part you can find the survey. The main goal of this thesis is to provide informations about zootherapy and spread its findings to all who are interested in this issue. Further I would like to find out whether the zootherapy has a positive effect on people who use it. In annex you can find enclosed informations about communication with handicapped client and stories of clients who use the therapy.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-19T18:15:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA EUGENIA RIBEIRO DE ARAUJO E ARAUJO.pdf: 1138893 bytes, checksum: 86e944da346d6667f00a4a6ed7a7fdec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-20 / Cerebral Paralysis (CP) comprehends a series of non progressive syndromes of motor and posture disturbances, resulting from irreversible damage to the developing central nervous system. The hippotherapy is a therapeutical and educational method that uses a horse in an interdisciplinary approach attempting to enhance the posture stability in children affected by Cerebral Paralysis (CP). This work aim is to evaluate the benefits PC diagnosed children can attain after one year participation in an hippotherapy program. 27 spastic diplegia PC diagnosed children were studied (15 boys and 17 girls) ranging from 2 to 12 years of age. As to evaluate the following body parts: head and neck, shoulders and scapulae, trunk, vertebral column and pelvis, before and after hippotherapy treatment, a scale, standardized by the interdisciplinary medical team of the hippotherapy center, was used. The program was conducted once a week, in sessions of 45 minutes each. There were verified posture benefits statistically significant (p<0.05) in all body parts, especially in those presenting the worst asymmetry conditions before the treatment, such as the trunk and pelvis. One can conclude stating that the hippotherapy treatment positively influenced the posture adjustment as well as the children s static and dynamic equilibrium, thus improving their motor abilities and contributing to the walking prediction. / A Paralisia Cerebral (PC) compreende uma série de síndromes não progressivas de distúrbios motores e de postura, resultantes de um dano irreversível no sistema nervoso central em desenvolvimento. A Equoterapia é um método terapêutico e educacional que utiliza o cavalo dentro de uma abordagem interdisciplinar, visando melhorar a estabilidade postural em crianças com Paralisia Cerebral (PC). Objetivou-se avaliar os benefícios posturais em crianças com paralisia cerebral (PC) após a participação num programa de equoterapia durante um ano. Estudou-se vinte e sete crianças (quinze meninos, doze meninas) diagnosticadas com Paralisia Cerebral espástica diplegica, com idade entre 2 a 12 anos. Utilizou-se uma escala padronizada pela equipe interdisciplinar do centro de equoterapia para avaliar a postura dos seguintes segmentos corporais: cabeça e pescoço, ombros e escápula, tronco, coluna vertebral e pélvis, antes e depois da equoterapia. O programa aconteceu uma vez por semana, numa sessão de 45 minutos. Verificou-se benefícios posturais estatisticamente significantes (p<0,05) em todos os segmentos corporais, especialmente naqueles que apresentaram as piores condições de assimetria antes do tratamento, como o tronco e pélvis. Concluiu-se que a equoterapia influenciou positivamente no ajuste postural assim como no equilíbrio estático e dinâmico da criança, aprimorando desta forma, suas habilidades motoras e contribuindo para o prognóstico de marcha.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-25T10:45:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Francelina de Queiroz Felipe da Cruz.pdf: 2667635 bytes, checksum: 72d0ec2f22e77e1e969da107c1ec6122 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-25T10:45:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Francelina de Queiroz Felipe da Cruz.pdf: 2667635 bytes, checksum: 72d0ec2f22e77e1e969da107c1ec6122 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-11 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This research was to study to identify and analyze the contributions of hippotherapy Education, in schools, inclusion and development of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder, and the performance of this practice as an educational Specialized care in the input learning. In this sense the studies listed here to suggest a reflection about the inclusive educational practices for collaborative environment, in school Integral Care Center for Children - CAIC Paul Dacorso Son in UFRRJ. For the application of the study carried out a qualitative approach, under the reflective gaze of the theoretical and methodological framework of inclusive perspective from the Operational Guidelines for Basic Education and authors dealing with such reference action research. In this way the path for the data collection permeated by observing the hippotherapy sessions at school, semi-structured interviews, reports pedagogical analysis of educational intra-class activities, reports and clinical case histories and the student with ASD, object of study. The main topics are always related by the interaction between the research object, the horse, mediators and school agents who acted as more of a collaborative element in the construction of teaching, learning and development of the autistic child as a whole, which brought to light effect experiences in educated culture with pedagogical actions of autistic children enter a type of Therapeutic Riding school Inclusive that had formed from the collective experience with other children neurot?picas in different times and school spaces. finally describing the path in the process of inclusion of children with ASD in school educational space CAIC Paul Dacorso Son identifying its advances and or behavioral setbacks, affective and significant of these children, breaking with the conservative outlook based on limitation of learning, and gradually broken in interactions. Favoring overcome for manufacturing expectations of learning unveiling new knowledge and educational practice, bringing new pedagogical meanings. / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo central identificar e analisar as contribui??es da Equoterapia na inclus?o e escolariza??o do aluno com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), sendo a atua??o dessa pr?tica como um Atendimento Educacional Especializado gerou possibilidades colaborativas para realiza??o de outras estrat?gias de significa??o de escolariza??o de um aluno com TEA no interior de uma escola. Neste sentido, os estudos aqui elencados nos sugerem uma reflex?o a cerca das pr?ticas educativas inclusivas, por meio colaborativo, na escola. Para a aplica??o do estudo realizamos uma abordagem qualitativa, sob o olhar reflexivo do referencial te?rico e metodol?gico dial?gico da perspectiva inclusiva a partir do encontro de regularidades nos discursos dos agentes pedag?gicos da pesquisa que trataram de produzir o sentido de suporte do outro no processo de escolarizar um aluno autista. Desta forma, o caminho percorrido para as coletas de dados perpassaram pela observa??o das sess?es de equoterapia na escola, entrevistas semiestruturadas, an?lises de relat?rios pedag?gicos das atividades educativas intraclasse, laudos e anamneses cl?nicas do aluno com TEA, objeto do estudo. Os principais temas abordados est?o relacionados sempre a partir da intera??o entre o objeto da pesquisa, o cavalo, os mediadores e agentes escolares, que atuaram como mais um elemento colaborativo na constru??o do ensino, aprendizagem e do desenvolvimento da crian?a com TEA como um todo, o que trouxe ? tona experi?ncias efetivadas, na cultura escolarizada, com a??es pedag?gicas de inserir crian?as com TEA num tipo de Equoterapia Escolar Inclusiva em que se formassem a partir da viv?ncia coletiva com outras crian?as neurot?picas nos diferentes tempos e espa?os da escola. Descrevendo finalmente o caminho percorrido no processo de inclus?o da crian?a com TEA no espa?o educativo da escola Centro de Aten??o Integral ? Crian?a e ao Adolescente (CAIC) Paulo Dacorso Filho identificando seus avan?os e ou retrocessos comportamentais, afetivos e significativos dessas crian?as, rompendo com as perspectivas conservadoras baseadas na limita??o de aprendizagem, sendo aos poucos desfeitas nas intera??es. Favorecendo a supera??o para a expectativa transformadora da aprendizagem desvendando novos saberes e pr?ticos educativos, trazendo novos significados pedag?gicos

Hippoterapi är en sjukgymnastisk behandlingsform där man använder hästen som ett hjälpmedel i behandlingen. Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att undersöka upplevelserna av hippoterapi som behandling för funktionshindrade barn i Indien. Studien grundas på intervjuer av fyra barn och tre lärare. Intervjuerna genomfördes med tolk på tamil och engelska. Barnen intervjuades med fokus på deras egna upplevelser av hippoterapin och lärarintervjuerna fokuserade på huruvida de upplevt några förändringar hos barnen sedan de började med hippoterapi. Två intervjuguider med öppna frågor användes vid intervjuerna som spelades in, transkriberades och analyserades med hjälp av innehållsanalys. Resultatet visar att barnen hade en positiv upplevelse av hippoterapin och belyste flera fysiska förbättringar. Lärarna upplevde förbättringar gällande barnens motoriska förmåga, språkliga utveckling och inlärningsförmåga. Konklusionen, baserad på överenstämmelser mellan barnens och lärarnas upplevelser, är att hippoterapi är en positiv behandlingsform för dessa barn med avseende på såväl fysiska som psykiska aspekter. / Hippotherapy is a form of physiotherapy where the horse is used as a part of the treatment. The aim with this qualitative study is to investigate Indian disabled children's experiences of hippotherapy. The study is based on interviews with four children and three teachers. The interviews were conducted with an interpreter in English and Tamil. The children’s interviews were focused on their personal experiences, and the teachers’ interviews focused on their observations of the children. Two guides based on open questions were formed for the interviews witch were recorded, transcribed and analyzed. The results show that the children were positive regarding the hippotherapy and had experienced physical improvement. The teachers experienced that the children had improved regarding motor skills, speech and learning ability. The conclusion based on agreement between children and teachers, is that hippotherapy is a positive form of therapy for these children in both physical and psychological aspects.

Equine-assisted therapy is a nontraditional form of physical therapy that involves riding horses as a form of rehabilitation. Limited access to these riding programs justifies a need to develop a horseback riding simulator capable of simulating the gaits, bend, and collection of the horse. Research involving the development of horseback riding simulators is limited, but the available research does show promising results in the ability to aid in physical therapy. A two-dimensional model and simulation was developed using MATLAB. Using the results from the simulation, a horseback riding simulator was designed, fabricated and tested. The physical simulator was capable of simulating a walk, trot, and canter, bend to the left or right, and collection of the gait. The purpose of the testing of the horseback riding simulator was to evaluate the similarity of the physical simulator to the gaits of the data collected from a real horse. The results from the testing are compared with the kinematic data from the MATLAB simulation. The biomechanical effect on the hip flexion angle is also evaluated when the system simulates bend and collection of the horse’s back. The motion data was collected using a Vicon system. Four cameras were set up to collect the data from the five reflective markers that were placed on the rider. The kinematic results of the horseback riding simulator were compared to the computer simulation using the measurements of the inclination of the ellipse, the major axis of the ellipse, and the frequency. The results from the hip flexion angles shows that the test that simulated bend only results in a significant increase in the hip flexion angle compared to the tests without bend. Simulated collection does not change the hip flexion angles of the rider. Future work on the horseback riding simulator is needed in order to increase the safety so that a person with a disability would be able to use it as part of their physical therapy. Adaptive programming of the system is also necessary to make the horseback riding simulator more similar to that of a real horse.

Darbe atlikta teorinė hipoterapijos sampratos, istorijos, pasaulinės reabilitacijos praktikoje atliktų tyrimų analizė. Supažindinama su hipnoterapijos metodo panaudojimo neįgaliesiems galimybėmis, raitelio ir žirgo tarpusavio sąveika. Iškelta hipotezė, kad žirgui judant, trimatėje erdvėje atliekami judesiai tuo pačiu metu sukelia atsakomuosius raitelio judesius, dėl ko lavėja kūno judesių funkcijos. Lavėjant kūno judesių funkcijoms, gerėja asmens psicho-emocinė būsena jojimo metu, dėl ko tobulėja jojimo įgūdžiai. Testavimo, kiekybinio stebėjimo ir kokybinio eksperimento (su kiekybiniais elementais) metodais atliktas tyrimas, kurio tikslas - gerinti vaikų, turinčių fizinių ir judėjimo sutrikimus, sutrikusias kūno judesių funkcijas, psicho-emocinę būseną ir mokyti jojimo įgūdžių, taikant hipoterapijos ir jojimo terapijos užsiėmimus. Atlikta statistinė (deskriptyvinė dažnių, vidurkių, Spearman‘o koreliacijos koeficiento) duomenų analizė. Tyrime dalyvavo šeši vaikai, turintys fizinių ir judėjimo sutrikimų (cerebrinis paralyžius, įgimta stuburo smegenų išvarža). Empirinėje dalyje nagrinėjami kūno judesių funkcijų, psicho-emocinės ir jojimo įgūdžių pokyčiai, taikant hipoterapijos ir jojimo terapijos užsiėmimus. Svarbiausios empirinio tyrimo išvados: 1. Tyrimo pradžioje kelta hipotezė apie žirgo trimatėje erdvėje sukeliamus atsakomuosius raitelio judesius pasitvirtino. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad jojimo terapijos dėka pagerėjo tiriamųjų KJF. Pirmos tiriamosios KJF patobulėjo 1,3%... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The present work displays the fields of horse usage in rehabilitation and sozialization. An experiment where six children with physical and motion disorders (spina bifida and cerebral palsy) at age of 2.5 14 years took parts presented. duration of participation in the experiment of the investigated children varies from 3 months up to 2 years. After applying therapy of horse-riding, functions of body movements of children have improved, they have become more mobile. The hypothesis raised at the beginning of the research concerning responsive movements of a rider caused by a horse in a three-dimensional space was proved. The research results showed that due to horse-riding therapy functions of body movements of the investigated had improved. Data obtained during assessment and quantitative observation of funktions of body movements allows us drawing a conclusion that the higher funtions of body movements of the investigated child, the more stabile psycho-emotional state during horse-riding is. Assessment of functions of body movements and data obtained during quantitative observation allow us drawing the conclusion that the more functions of body movements are higher the faster the investigated master horse-riding skills. However, it was noticed that changes of horse-riding skills of the investigated were influenced by their age, psycho-emotional state, personal features, too. Data obtained during the experiment showed that change of horse-riding skills during horse-riding... [to full text] / In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde eine theoretische Analyse des Hippotherapiebegriffs und der Hippotherapiegeschichte sowie der praktisch durchgeführten Untersuchungen gemacht. In der Arbeit wurde ebenfalls darauf eingegangen, wie man das Hyppotherapieverfahren für die physisch Behinderten anwenden kann, sowie besprochen, wie ein Reiter und ein Ross zusammenwirken. Es wurde eine Hypothese entworfen, dass beim Bewegen eines Rosses im dreidimensionalen Raum seine Bewegungen in demselben Moment entsprechende Bewegungen des Reiters hervorrufen, was die Funktionen der Körperbewegungen (KBF) verbessert. Indem sich die Funktionen der Körperbewegungen verbessern, wird der psycho-emotionale Zustand des Menschen auch besser, was zu besseren Reitfertigkeiten führt. Es wurde aufgrund der Teste, der quantitativen Beobachtung sowie des qualitativen Experiments (zusammen mit quantitativen Elementen) eine Untersuchung durchgeführt, deren Ziel war, den psycho-emotionalen Zustand der Kinder, die physische - und Bewegungsbehinderungen sowie beeinträchtigte Funktionen der Körperbewegungen haben, zu verbessern und Reitfertigkeiten mit Hilfe von Hippotherapie und Reittherapie einzubringen. Es wurde eine statistische Analyse der Dateien ausgeführt. An der Untersuchung haben sechs Kinder teilgenommen, die physische - und Bewegungsprobleme haben (Zerebralparalyse, angeborene Rückenmarkbruch). In dem empirischen... [der volle Text, siehe weiter]

Pasaulyje, jau seniai egzistuoja daugiau nei 100 hipoterapijos centrų, o Lietuvoje šis terapijos metodas net nėra įteisintas. Hipoterapiją, kaip alternatyvios terapijos rūšį būtų galima panaudoti siekiant fizinės, psichologinės, socialinės ir pedagoginės naudos sveikatos sutrikimų turintiems žmonėms. Labai svarbu išsiaiškinti Lietuvos žirgininkų požiūrį į hipoterapiją ir sužinoti kiek jų sutiktų būti šios terapijos komandos nariais. Teorinėje darbo dalyje apibendrinta hipoterapijos nauda žmogaus fizinei ir psichinei būklei, trumpai aptariama jos panaudojimo galimybės ir aprašyti pagrindiniai reikalavimai hipoterapijos vykdymui. Tyrimo objektas – žirgininkų požiūris. Tyrimo tikslas – ištirti Lietuvos žirgininkų požiūrį į dalyvavimą hipoterapijoje. Tyrimas atliktas žirgų konkūrų varžybose, jojimo sporto klube „Miražas“. Duomenys buvo renkami taikant apklausą raštu. Tyrimo instrumentas – anketa. Apklausoje dalyvavo 30 respondentų. / All over the world there exist more than 100 hippotherapy centres for a long time, and in Lithuania this therapeutic method is not even validated. Hippotherapy as an alternative kind of therapy could be used gaining physical, psychological, social, and pedagogical benefit in people with health disorders. It is very important to find out Lithuanian horse breeders’ approach to hippotherapy and learn how many of them would agree to become members of this therapy team. The theoretical part summarizes the hippotherapy benefits on a person’s physical and mental status, briefly discusses its usage possibilities and describes the main requirements for carrying out hippotherapy. The subject of the study – horse breedersapproach. The objective of the study is to investigatehorse-breeders approach to participation in hippotherapy.The study was carried out in the horse show jumping competitions, and in the riding sports club “Miražas”. The data were collected by written survey. 30 respondents participated in the survey.