This thesis presents three essays, each seeking to deepen our understanding of labour markets. The first essay studies the response of real wages and hours of new hires to the business cycle during the UK’s Great Recession. The second essay analysis in how far the assumption of rational expectations in the Mortensen-Pissarides model is required for the economy to converge to an equilibrium. In particular, it asks if it is possible for economic agents to use simple linear forecast rules and still ensure convergence to the rational expectations equilibrium. The final essay seeks to determine whether labour income shares at the sectoral level are constant across countries, as is usually assumed in the literature, and whether this assumption quantitatively matters. Therefore, it takes the input-output structures across countries into account, and conducts a development accounting exercise. Real wages and hours in the Great Recession: Evidence from firms and their entry-level jobs Using employer-employee panel data, I provide novel facts on how real wages and working hours within jobs responded to the UK’s Great Recession. In contrast to previous studies, my data enables me to address the cyclical composition of jobs. I show that firms were able to respond to the Great Recession with substantial real wage cuts and by recruiting more part-time workers. A one percentage point increase in the unemployment rate led to an average decline in real hourly wages of 2.8 per cent for new hires and 2.6 per cent for job stayers. Hours of new hires in entry-level jobs were also substantially procyclical, while job-stayer hours were nearly constant. My findings suggest that models assuming rigid labour costs of new hires are not helpful for understanding the behaviour of unemployment over the business cycle. Unemployment and econometric learning I apply well-known results of the econometric learning literature to the Mortensen-Pissarides real business cycle model. Agents can always learn the unique rational expectations equilibrium (REE), for all possible well-defined sets of parameter values, by using the minimum-state-variable solution to the model and decreasing gain learning. From this perspective, the assumption of rational expectations in the model could be seen as reasonable. But using a parametrisation with UK data, simulations show that the speed of convergence to the REE is slow. This type of learning dampens the cyclical response of unemployment to small structural shocks. Measuring sectoral income shares: Accounting for input-output structures across countries I use input-output tables to measure the labour income shares of the goods and the services sector for a large cross-section of mostly developed countries. I present two novel findings: sectoral labour income shares significantly increase with the level of development, and within-country differences between these income shares are uncorrelated with the level of development. These cross-country differences are not caused by variation in the input-output structure or final demand, but originate at the production-side of the economy. I measure sectoral total factor productivity using a development accounting framework to assess the quantitative importance of my findings. The goods sector of less developed countries is relatively less productive than the services sector; assuming that the values of the sectoral labour income shares across countries are identical to their corresponding U.S. values leads to an underestimation of productivity differences across countries. All findings are robust to different adjustments for the labour income of the self-employed.

The Temporary Work Agencies (TWA) industry experienced continuous growth throughout the 90s, and now represents around 15% of temporary hiring in Spain. More interestingly, are markable regional disparity in this sector exists across Spanish provinces. By developing a simple theoretical model and using panel data methodology, this article examines the Spanish caseand suggests that the costs of recruiting, training and screening could explain a large part of the regional disparity. This result is supported by the empirical fact that the TWA firms have greater success in markets with low unemployment rates, where the average duration of unemploymen tis longer, and in provinces with higher concentrations of urban population, respectively. / El sector de las Empresas de Trabajo Temporal (ETT) experimentó un fuerte crecimiento en la década de 1990, hasta estabilizarse en torno al 15% de la contratación temporal en España. Aún más significativa es la fuerte disparidad regional en el recurso a las ETT que existe entre las provincias españolas. A partir de un sencillo modelo teórico, y con metodología de datos de panel, este artículo sugiere que los costes de reclutamiento, entrenamiento y selección podrían explicar gran parte de dicha disparidad. Esta conclusión, estaría fundada en la evidencia empírica de que la cuota de mercado de las ETT es mayor en mercados con bajas tasas de desempleo, donde la duración media del paro es mayor y en aquellas provincias con más concentración de población urbana, respectivamente.

Submitted by Alison Vanceto (alison-vanceto@hotmail.com) on 2017-05-08T13:19:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissEPCV.pdf: 1467851 bytes, checksum: b7e5546e118d4cb7d9afd6b8dab7b898 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-05-09T18:35:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissEPCV.pdf: 1467851 bytes, checksum: b7e5546e118d4cb7d9afd6b8dab7b898 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-05-09T18:35:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissEPCV.pdf: 1467851 bytes, checksum: b7e5546e118d4cb7d9afd6b8dab7b898 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-09T18:39:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissEPCV.pdf: 1467851 bytes, checksum: b7e5546e118d4cb7d9afd6b8dab7b898 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-15 / Não recebi financiamento / One of the most important activities and that is increasingly gaining importance in recent years, among the various activities undertaken by the public authorities is on the shopping area. The bidding is an administrative procedure in which aims to select, according to predetermined objective criteria, the most advantageous hiring proposal to the government. In this process should be ensured broad participation of stakeholders, as well as equal treatment, always permeated with the legal requirements. Law n. 8.666 / 93, the General Law of Tenders and Administrative Contracts, establishes all the legal system for public procurement. The Differentiated Regime Hiring - DRC - is permeated by several goals, innovative in relation to the rules established by Law 8.666 / 93. UFSCar has adopted this regiment in their hiring process works and engineering services since 2013. The main objective of this work is to promote a comparative study between the Differentiated Regime Signings, DRC and Competition mode, governed by Law n. 8666/93 regarding the efficient procurement of works and engineering services within the UFSCar. For that was used in the methodological procedure descriptive and exploratory research through two approaches: quantitative and qualitative. The first approach corresponded to the comparative analysis, obtained by hiring historical data from the modality competition, the years 2011, 2012 and 2013, and DRC mode the years 2013, 2014 and 2015, coming from the reports of the Purchasing Department - Decom / UFSCar and Comprasgovernamental. They were established some indicators whose purpose was to measure the efficiency of the new procurement regime in relation to the mode set by competition. The qualitative approach was used to analyze the perceptions of representatives of the units that are closely linked to the bidding process under the UFSCar. The main results show that there are many perspectives introduced by the DRC, of which some have already been implemented in the bidding process for procurement of works and engineering services in this federal public education institution. Among the challenges are the various requirements, legal, technical, economic, financial and regularity with which the government by constitutional and legal provisions, is obliged to demand.. It was found that there are many drivers listed in DRC of which is an instrument capable of providing more agile, economical and efficient procurement ways, especially compared to the competition mode. On the other hand, being a relatively new law, the DRC still lacks depth studies that aim to remedy many of the doubts in its various devices and mechanisms. These factors can be mitigated through exchange of experiences with other organizations that also use the DRC in order to refine and improve its use at the university. / Uma das atividades de maior importância e que vem, cada vez mais, ganhando relevância nos últimos anos, dentre as várias atividades desenvolvidas pela Administração Pública, é relativa à área de compras. A licitação constitui um procedimento administrativo no qual visa selecionar, segundo critérios objetivos previamente determinados, a proposta de contratação mais vantajosa para a administração pública. Neste processo deve ser assegurada ampla participação dos interessados, além de tratamento isonômico, sempre permeado com os requisitos legais exigidos. A Lei n. 8.666/93, Lei Geral de Licitações e Contratos Administrativos, estabelece todo o ordenamento jurídico para contratação pública. O Regime Diferenciado de Contratação – RDC - é permeado por diversos objetivos, inovadores em relação aos preceitos estabelecidos pela Lei 8.666/93. A UFSCar passou adotar este regimento em seus processos de contratação de obras e serviços de engenharia, desde o ano de 2013. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é promover um estudo comparativo entre o Regime Diferenciado de Contratações, RDC, e a Modalidade Concorrência, regido pela Lei n. 8.666/93, no que tange a eficiência na contratação de obras e serviços de engenharia, no âmbito da UFSCar. Para tanto foi utilizado no procedimento metodológico pesquisa descritiva e exploratória por meio de duas abordagens: quantitativa e qualitativa. A primeira abordagem correspondeu às análises comparativas, obtidos por meio de dados históricos de contratação provenientes da modalidade concorrência, dos anos de 2011, 2012 e 2013, e do RDC dos anos 2013, 2014 e 2015, provenientes dos relatórios do Departamento de Compras – DeCom/UFSCar e do site Comprasgovernamentais. Foram estabelecidos alguns indicadores cujo intuito foi medir a eficiência do novo regime de contratação em relação ao estabelecido pela modalidade concorrência. A abordagem qualitativa foi utilizada para analisar a percepção dos representantes das unidades que estão intimamente ligados ao processo licitatório no âmbito da UFSCar. Os principais resultados evidenciam que são muitas as perspectivas introduzidas pelo RDC, dentre as quais algumas já foram transpostas nos processos licitatórios para contratação de obras e serviços de engenharia nesta instituição de ensino público federal. Dentre os desafios encontram-se as diversas exigências, de ordem jurídica, qualificação técnica, econômico-financeira e regularidade com as quais a administração pública, por disposição constitucional e legal, é obrigada a exigir. Verificou-se que são muitas as inovações constantes no RDC capazes de proporcionar maneiras mais ágeis, econômicas e eficientes de contratação pública, principalmente se comparado com a modalidade concorrência. Por outro lado, por ser uma legislação relativamente nova, o RDC ainda carece de estudos aprofundados que visem sanar muitas das dúvidas existentes em seus diversos dispositivos e mecanismos. Estes fatores poderão ser amenizados por meio de trocas de experiências com outros órgãos que também utilizam o RDC com o intuito de aperfeiçoar e melhorar a sua utilização na universidade.

This thesis is focused on operations with company that are defined in the Czech accounting standard No. 011 and their booking in the company accountancy. Operations with company bring a lot of specialities in the sphere of economy, accountancy, justice and taxation, that cannot be find in other spheres. These operations take very long time. The Czech accounting standard No. 011 is a directory statute recommending how to account operations with company. The Comercial Code and the Civil Code contain juridical aspects of transactions with company. Man have to known the tax problems of operations with company too. Operations with company may seem very difficult but on the other side man can dispose of the whole firm on the basis of one contract. It is easy, comfortable, fast, cheaper and profitable. Man can find selling of company and hiring of company in the praxi in the practical part of the thesis. Problems of operations with company are presented by SACH, spol. s r. o. and Podblanicko Louňovice, a. s. Both companies account transactions with company according to the Czech accounting standard No. 011. A reader can find impacts of the operations on the balances and statements of income of SACH, spol. s r. o. and Podlanicko Louňovice, a. s. in the practical part.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-06-01T10:17:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Helen Regina de Oliveira e Ribeiro - 2015.pdf: 3819762 bytes, checksum: 08272b175df3764bc8abd2b01886f769 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-06-01T10:21:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Helen Regina de Oliveira e Ribeiro - 2015.pdf: 3819762 bytes, checksum: 08272b175df3764bc8abd2b01886f769 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-01T10:21:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Helen Regina de Oliveira e Ribeiro - 2015.pdf: 3819762 bytes, checksum: 08272b175df3764bc8abd2b01886f769 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-28 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / The creation of the Program - Programa de Apoio à Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais (REUNI) - together with the large represed demand, to the low number of technical and political pressure to meet deadlines, caused the Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) chose to outsource project design and execution of new works. The project contracting and execution of public works needs prior bidding procedure. The large volume of works and contracts raised increase in hiring additives. Although the regulatory government agencies consider the additives one of the main reasons for over invoicing and overpricing in public works, your contract can not be synonymous with public funds embezzlement. On the other hand, hiring is legitimate and additives provided by law. This study aims to make a analysis of the main factors that led to the hiring of additional services in new works construction contracts within the Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG). The research is based on analysis of 42 new process works contracts, all for global price regime, contracted and completed between the years 2010 to 2014 and resulting from procurement modalities Pricing and Concurrency Taken. For the analysis of the justifications presented by the tax works, it was possible to identify the main factors and classify them into two parts. The first, relating the factors resulting from procedures failures of the elaboration of the basic projects, and the second, the factors linked to changes due to needs arising after contracting the work. The cauting of values and impacts corresponding to each of the factors indicated that most of the justifications of additives contracts (79,36%) is shed changes due to needs arising after contracting the work, indicating that most of the increases were carried out in accordance with the laws force for conclusion of such contracts and additives. The results achieved may assist Senior Management in the planning and distribution of resources to expand the physical space; demonstrating the impact of additives on two aspects. The analysis showed that the legality of the contracts additives met the legal requirements, and that most of the increases values have not altered the bidding modality. This analysis enabled us to verify which items had a higher incidence of contractual changes. Finally, this study opens new prospects for research related to analysis of public works budgets, aimed at continuous improvement of the project design process, hiring and supervision of public works and also contributed to the decrease in research gap in the topic. / A criação do Programa de Apoio à Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais (REUNI), somadas à grande demanda reprimida, ao baixo número de técnicos e à pressão política para o cumprimento dos prazos, fizeram com que a Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) optasse por terceirizar a elaboração de projetos e execução das novas obras. A contratação de projetos e execução de obras públicas necessita de procedimento prévio de licitação. O grande volume de obras e contratos suscitou aumento na contratação de aditivos. Embora os órgãos controladores considerem os aditivos uma das principais razões de superfaturamento e sobrepreço em obras públicas, sua contratação não pode ser sinônimo de malversação de recursos públicos. Por outro lado, a contratação de aditivos é legítima e prevista em lei. Este trabalho tem por objetivos realizar uma análise dos principais fatores que levaram à contratação de serviços adicionais em contratos de construção de obras novas, dentro da Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG). A pesquisa está baseada na análise dos contratos de 42 processos de obras novas, todas pelo regime de preço global, contratadas e concluídas entre os anos de 2010 a 2014 e decorrentes de licitações das modalidades Tomada de Preços e Concorrência. Pela análise das justificativas apresentadas pelos fiscais das obras, foi possível identificar os principais fatores e classificá-los em duas vertentes. A primeira, relacionando os fatores decorrentes de falhas de procedimentos na elaboração dos projetos básicos, e a segunda, os fatores ligados às alterações decorrentes de necessidades surgidas após a contratação da obra. A apuração dos valores e impactos financeiros correspondentes a cada um dos fatores indicou que a maior parte das justificativas (79,36%) dos contratos de aditivos corresponde a vertente de alterações decorrentes de necessidades surgidas após a contratação, indicando que a maioria dos acréscimos foram realizados em conformidade com as leis vigentes para celebração desses contratos e aditivos. Os resultados alcançados podem auxiliar a Administração Superior no planejamento e distribuição de recursos para ampliação do espaço físico; demonstrando o impacto causado pelos aditivos nas duas vertentes. A análise da legalidade demonstrou que os aditivos de contratos atenderam aos requisitos legais, e que na maioria dos acréscimos de valores não alteraram a modalidade licitatória. Essa análise possibilitou verificar quais os itens que tiveram maior incidência de alteração contratual. Por fim, este estudo abre perspectiva para novas pesquisas relacionadas à análise dos orçamentos de obras públicas, visando a melhoria contínua do processo de elaboração de projetos, contratação e fiscalização de obras públicas e, ainda, contribuiu com a diminuição da lacuna de pesquisas no tema.

The aim of the thesis is to analyse the process of filling vacancies with the Police of the Czech Republic, to identify the advantages of the process in use, and its disadvantages and to suggest suitable actions to solve the identified problems. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces the base for reaching the defined aim, it concerns HR activities prior to filling vacancies, filling vacancies itself, recruitment, selection and hiring the employees and their adaptation. The theoretical findings are applied to the Police of the Czech Republic in the practical part of the thesis. The system of recruitment, selection, hiring and adapting policemen is described and evaluated in the practical part. Consequently, possible suggestions to improve the current situation are presented in relevant chapters.

This master thesis is devoted to tax issues of international hiring out of labour and aims to summarize this field into a complete overview. The Institute of international hiring out of labour brings us to a three-sided relationship where the employer is leased by his legal employer to an economic employer who enjoys the fruits and benefits of his work. The work is structured into five chapters. The first two chapters outline the current situation and general concepts. The third chapter can be considered as crucial. In this part of the master thesis is described the tax impact on a leased employee and the employer's business. The tax consequences for the legal employer are mentioned only in connection with the formation of a permanent establishment. The following chapter deals with some of the problems that occur in practice, and that is the confusion of the Institute of international hiring out of labour for contract for the work. The last chapter deals with some aspects of international hiring out of labour in the German Federal Republic.

This research study examined campus recreation intramural training techniques used to prepare sports officials. The top 10 techniques reported by the sample (n = 52) are presented. Use of National Intramural-Recreational Sports Association (NIRSA) training materials was found to have a significant positive relationship with overall official training program satisfaction. Intramural coordinators who self-rated as unsatisfied with training program also rated their program significantly less effective when compared to intramural coordinators who indicated satisfaction with their training program. Further inquiry determined that the responding professionals ranked officials’ traits and abilities similar in importance, with confidence, knowledge, and decision making as most important. There were no differences in the preferred officials’ trait ratings when compared to overall program satisfaction.

This case study describes an academic library search committee's decision-making, practice, and assessment of using performance-based interviews as part of a national search for lecturer-level positions with a primary focus of reference and research services and minimal expectations of teaching information literacy in the classroom. The search committee determined performance-based interviews were successful in establishing candidates’ depth of skill in simulated reference transactions. The authors recommend incorporating an element of unscripted job simulation to employment interviews in libraries of all types.

The purpose of this mixed methods case study was to understand the hiring practices of a school district when considering a principal and how the school district attends to leadership within those hiring practices. The central premise of the study was leadership matters and is second to teaching in student achievement. However, the historical record paints a picture of less than adequate attention to effective hiring practices and a limited scope when addressing leadership. A small school district in California was selected to participate in the study. The design incorporated mixed methods to analyze the hiring practices through a survey of site administrators (principals and assistant principals), interviews of the Superintendent, and interviews of two principals. Similar to what was found in the review of literature, the school district did not align all of the hiring practices to what they valued in leadership and lacked in performance-based instruments when hiring. However, the results of the study indicated how the school district valued leadership and this may have been a contributing factor in student achievement. Through the review of literature and the study, the researcher developed an understanding of the complexity of the leadership construct and provides a synthesis of how key leadership studies fit together to provide a framework for hiring school administrators.