This is a study of the Parisian Latin book industry in the first four decades of the sixteenth century. It challenges the assumption that the Reformation brought about a profound change in the European print world. Luther's engagement with a mass audience is believed to have led to an increase in the number of vernacular publications produced by printers throughout Europe. This was not the case in Paris. Parisian booksellers traded on their established expertise with certain genres, such as theological texts, educational books, and works by classical authors, to maximise their readership both in Paris and farther afield. Working in close proximity inspired the Parisian bookmen to unity and collaboration rather than enmity and direct competition. When printers, booksellers and publishers collaborated they were able to undertake bigger and riskier projects. Such projects might have involved testing new markets or technologies (such as Greek or music printing), or simply producing a book which required a high capital investment. The familial unity extended to the widows of printers, some of whom were able to capitalise on this and build substantial businesses of their own. This high level of collaboration and the continued focus on the established Latin market give the Parisian book world its very specific character. It also helped Paris build an international reputation for high-quality books.

This thesis aims to establish an impression of the readership and reception of Benedict Burgh’s Middle English Distichs of Cato. The intended outcome of this research is to demonstrate the layer(s) of society in which the text was read and the ways in which it was presented by scribes and marked by its readers. Presentation and annotation are viewed as the best way of identifying the esteem and attention paid to the Distichs and thus of evaluating its cultural importance. These research goals are therefore achieved through examination of the Distichs’ manuscript contexts. The first chapter delineates the text’s background as a translation of a late Classical Latin original, heavily used in primary education throughout Europe both for its practical advice and its suitability for teaching basic Latin grammar. The chapter discusses the authorship of the Latin Disticha Catonis, the translator of the Middle English version under investigation, and the medieval theories of translation and authorial ‘authority’ which impact on the nature of Burgh’s translation efforts. The second and third chapters focus on specific manuscripts, collating and discussing information on their contents, the circumstances of their production, and the likely audience for which they were produced. In chapter two, British Library MSS. Harley 7333 and Harley 2251 are examined in light of their relationship to the miscellanies of fifteenth-century secretarial clerk, John Shirley. Through examination of the likely audience of Shirley’s manuscripts and the nature of other volumes copied from them, it is argued that manuscripts such as the two Harley volumes are likely to have been owned by members of the gentry and/or the literate ‘middle class’ of clerks and merchants. Chapter three focusses on Glasgow, University Library MS. Hunter 259 and Oxford, Bodleian Library MS. Eng. poet. e.15, both of which are in the hand of the Carthusian monk Stephen Dodesham. Dodesham was resident at the Charterhouse of Sheen, which had strong connections to neighbouring Bridgettine nunnery, Syon Abbey. This chapter considers the possibility that these manuscripts were made for Syon nuns but, through comparison with other comparable Distichs volumes, also suggests that their audience may have lain more in the network of pious lay patrons surrounding Sheen and Syon. The members of this patronage milieu were predominately from the gentry, and thus overlapped with the audience of the Harley volumes. Chapter four considers patterns of presentation and use of the manuscripts across the group to support the gentry/middle-class audience established in chapters two and three, and to draw a general picture of the Distichs’ reception by this audience. This includes establishing that both male and female readership was common, and that the dissemination of the text may have been aided by close association with the poetry of John Lydgate. Selection/excerption of stanzas for copying, annotation of particular stanzas, and evidence of wear on the manuscripts are presented as evidence that medieval readers did engage with the text, and continued to value it as previous centuries had valued the Latin source text. A concluding chapter summarises the main points of the argument, and offers directions for future research.

Esta dissertação tem como objeto o livro digital. Ela apresenta um balanço cronológico da crítica especializada sobre o tema, analisa como o livro digital surgiu e foi abordado na imprensa a partir dos anos 1980, tomando como fonte principal o jornal Folha de São Paulo, e rediscute as questões e impasses observados nas últimas décadas, agora, a partir da visão de dez profissionais brasileiros do livro / This dissertation is centered on the digital book. It presents a chronological review of the specialized critique on the subject; analyzes how the e-book came about and has been reported in the press since the 1980s, taking as main source the newspaper Folha de São Paulo; and reassesses the issues and impasses related to the e-book over the last decades, from the vision of ten Brazilian book professionals

O presente trabalho apresenta a análise da obra do historiador Edgard Carone sobre a república brasileira. Parte-se do principio de que o autor concebeu, ao longo de sua formação intelectual, um projeto sistemático e coeso de estudo sobre o período, através do qual foram publicados 10 livros, entre os anos de 1969 a 1985. Estes conformaram uma análise pioneira da história republicana, selecionando os processos políticos que permitissem delimitar a existência de momentos distintos no regime, suas rupturas e continuidades. As publicações de Edgard Carone formaram uma série de livros publicada na coleção Corpo e Alma do Brasil, da editora Difusão Europeia do Livro (DIFEL). Dentro dela, investigou-se como o autor constrói a história deste período a partir da ideia de revolução, mais especificamente, nos livros que se referem à chamada Primeira República, que vai de 1889 a 1930. Tema recorrente na produção intelectual brasileira, a concepção de revolução será discutida no trabalho a partir das referências construídas pelo autor em sua formação e junto aos debates historiográficos que lhe são contemporâneos. / This study presents the analysis of the historian Edgard Carone\'s work on the Brazilian republic. It starts from the principle that the author has conceived over their intellectual training, a systematic and cohesive study project of the period through which 10 books were published between the years 1969 to 1985. These books conformed a pioneering analysis of the Republican history, selecting the political processes that could allow to define the existence of different times in the regime, their ruptures and continuities. The publications of the historian Edgard Carone formed a series of books published in the collection \"Corpo e Alma do Brasil\", from the publisher \"Difusão Europeia do Livro (DIFEL)\". On its inside, it was investigated how the author constructs the history of this period from the idea of revolution, more specifically, in the books that refer to the called First Republic, which runs from 1889 to 1930. A recurring theme in the Brazilian intellectual production, the conception of revolution, will be discussed at this paper from references constructed by the author in his formation and along with the historiographical debates that are contemporary to him.

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a atuação das editoras de livros de caráter político em Portugal entre 1968 e 1980, a fim de verificar o papel político, cultural e ideológico que desempenharam no processo de transformações pelo qual passou o país nesse período. Para isso, busquei: a) identificar as editoras que realizaram essas publicações e examinar as vinculações políticas que tinham; b) realizar o recenseamento das obras de caráter político publicadas no período em estudo; c) identificar as pessoas e organizações responsáveis por essas editoras e publicações. A partir dos dados levantados procuro entender como atuavam estes editores, quais suas motivações políticas, ideológicas e empresariais, como organizavam as editoras do ponto de vista intelectual e comercial, e qual o peso das vinculações políticas na vida das editoras. Em termos cronológicos, o período em foco começa em 1968, com o afastamento por motivos de saúde de Salazar do poder e sua substituição por Marcelo Caetano, e vai até 1980, com a formação do primeiro governo de direita após o fim da ditadura em 25 de abril de 1974. Uma síntese do trabalho mostra que existiram pelo menos 137 editoras que publicaram livros de caráter político em Portugal entre 1968 e 1980, tendo editado cerca de 4.600 títulos políticos no período. Este trabalho apresenta estudos sintéticos sobre 106 destas editoras. Minha tese é que estas editoras conformaram o que podemos chamar de edição política no país. Ao realizar um trabalho editorial que vinculava de modo direto engajamento político e ação editorial, estas editoras e seus editores atuaram com clara intenção política de intervenção social, tornando-se sujeitos ativos no processo político português no período final da ditadura e nos primeiros anos de liberdade política. / The aim of this thesis is to analyze the political publishing houses actions in Portugal between 1968 and 1980. Our particular focus is the political, cultural and ideological role of these publishing houses in the process of profound changes that Portugal went through that period. In order to achieve these goals, I have sought: a) to identify the main publishing houses and their political connections; b) to make a census of the political oeuvres published in that period; c) to identify people and organization that were in charge of the publishing houses. Taking in consideration the sources and data collected, I examine how these publishers acted, and which were their political, ideological and business motivations. I also analyze how they organize the publishing houses from a intellectual and commercial perspective, as well as how was the weight of the political connections in the everyday life of the publishing houses. Chronologically, my investigation starts in 1968, when the Dictator Salazar, due health reasons, was replaced by Marcelo Caetano. The final date of my research is 1980, when a first rightwing government is formed after the end of the dictatorship in April 25, 1974. In short, my thesis demonstrates that at least 137 publishing houses edited books with clear political features in Portugal between 1968 and 1980. In this period 4,600 different political titles were published. This thesis presents synthetic studies about 106 publishing of these. My argument is that those publishing houses conformed what we can call political publishing era in Portugal. By realizing an editorial work that directly combined political activism and editorial action, theses publishing houses and their publishers acted with a clear political intention of social intervention. In this sense they become important and active social actors in the Portuguese political process in the final period of the dictatorship and beginning of the democratization years.

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a atuação das editoras de livros de caráter político em Portugal entre 1968 e 1980, a fim de verificar o papel político, cultural e ideológico que desempenharam no processo de transformações pelo qual passou o país nesse período. Para isso, busquei: a) identificar as editoras que realizaram essas publicações e examinar as vinculações políticas que tinham; b) realizar o recenseamento das obras de caráter político publicadas no período em estudo; c) identificar as pessoas e organizações responsáveis por essas editoras e publicações. A partir dos dados levantados procuro entender como atuavam estes editores, quais suas motivações políticas, ideológicas e empresariais, como organizavam as editoras do ponto de vista intelectual e comercial, e qual o peso das vinculações políticas na vida das editoras. Em termos cronológicos, o período em foco começa em 1968, com o afastamento por motivos de saúde de Salazar do poder e sua substituição por Marcelo Caetano, e vai até 1980, com a formação do primeiro governo de direita após o fim da ditadura em 25 de abril de 1974. Uma síntese do trabalho mostra que existiram pelo menos 137 editoras que publicaram livros de caráter político em Portugal entre 1968 e 1980, tendo editado cerca de 4.600 títulos políticos no período. Este trabalho apresenta estudos sintéticos sobre 106 destas editoras. Minha tese é que estas editoras conformaram o que podemos chamar de edição política no país. Ao realizar um trabalho editorial que vinculava de modo direto engajamento político e ação editorial, estas editoras e seus editores atuaram com clara intenção política de intervenção social, tornando-se sujeitos ativos no processo político português no período final da ditadura e nos primeiros anos de liberdade política. / The aim of this thesis is to analyze the political publishing houses actions in Portugal between 1968 and 1980. Our particular focus is the political, cultural and ideological role of these publishing houses in the process of profound changes that Portugal went through that period. In order to achieve these goals, I have sought: a) to identify the main publishing houses and their political connections; b) to make a census of the political oeuvres published in that period; c) to identify people and organization that were in charge of the publishing houses. Taking in consideration the sources and data collected, I examine how these publishers acted, and which were their political, ideological and business motivations. I also analyze how they organize the publishing houses from a intellectual and commercial perspective, as well as how was the weight of the political connections in the everyday life of the publishing houses. Chronologically, my investigation starts in 1968, when the Dictator Salazar, due health reasons, was replaced by Marcelo Caetano. The final date of my research is 1980, when a first rightwing government is formed after the end of the dictatorship in April 25, 1974. In short, my thesis demonstrates that at least 137 publishing houses edited books with clear political features in Portugal between 1968 and 1980. In this period 4,600 different political titles were published. This thesis presents synthetic studies about 106 publishing of these. My argument is that those publishing houses conformed what we can call political publishing era in Portugal. By realizing an editorial work that directly combined political activism and editorial action, theses publishing houses and their publishers acted with a clear political intention of social intervention. In this sense they become important and active social actors in the Portuguese political process in the final period of the dictatorship and beginning of the democratization years.

For more than thirty years, historians of the Holy Roman Empire have registered little discernible interest in imperial censorship during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. As historical scholarship has evolved in its understanding of the Holy Roman Empire during this period, it has lagged behind in its appreciation for how imperial authorities controlled expression and regulated the book trade. Old assumptions about imperial censorship have been slow to wither and decay even though assumptions about the Empire have been reexamined and revised. Where a growing appreciation for the Empire's complexities spurred interest in territorial and civic censorship, a corresponding interest in imperial censorship has not developed. Interestingly, the two–old assumptions and modern revisionist histories–have conspired to moot studies of the imperial government, its policies, and its procedures, which has meant that the significance of imperial censorship in the Empire has been largely overlooked. Moreover, historians' attention to local controls and regulations has inspired a more nuanced approach to censorship than had previously prevailed, leading to a general reassessment of how censorship influenced the circulation and reception of ideas in both positive and negative ways. Imperial censorship has failed to register its mark in this regard as well. Using a combination of imperial censorship legislation, archival documents, and printed primary sources, this dissertation charts imperial censorship during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries as both a concept and a practice. Unable to enforce religious uniformity in the Empire after the Reformation's successful establishment in the 1520s, imperial legislation came to rely on libel, rather than heresy, as the formal basis for its censorship policies. Libel was an ambiguous category of illicit expression, the interpretation of which depended a great deal on the contingencies of context and the subjective preferences of enforcers. This affected how imperial and local authorities, respectively, interacted on matters of censorship, requiring more negotiation and cooperation than has heretofore been appreciated.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:39:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2897.pdf: 1606222 bytes, checksum: e0178353c5ec49bad091b36c9114b527 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-18 / Violence dwells in human societies ever since the first groupings one knows of. It is argued, in this sense, that violence has been reproduced through the civilizing process. This is the premise we depart from in order to identify an element that might participate in the process of reproduction of violence. We chose 5th Grade History books as the object of research. The essence of a historic fact cannot be changed, but the ways one approaches and presents it are quite variable. We focus our attention, therefore, on ways of approaching historic themes and facts. The theoretical background is that of Psychoanalysis. Freud considers that the subject is evil by nature, a fact that constitutes one of the major barriers to social life. Such ideas are based on the theory of drives, which, according to Freud, explains the social and individual life. This is the model that informs the comparison we made between the concepts of culture and individual theorized by Freud and the models of culture and individual in the didactic books. We noticed that the History didactic books use the resources of projection (in the Psychoanalytical sense) and euphemism to soften violence in History. They are ultimately an element that both socializes and trivializes violence. / A violência se faz presente nas sociedades humanas desde que se tem conhecimentos dos primeiros agrupamentos. Presume-se, assim, que a violência tem se reproduzido através do processo civilizador. Partindo deste pressuposto buscamos identificar um elemento que colaborasse neste processo de reprodução da violência. Escolhemos, então, livros didáticos de história do 5º ano como objeto de pesquisa. Sabemos que um fato histórico não pode ser mudado em sua essência, mas as formas de abordagem e apresentação dos mesmos são variáveis. Assim, focamos nossa atenção nas formas de abordagens dos temas e fatos históricos. Para tanto, utilizamos como referencial teórico a psicanálise freudiana. Freud considera os indivíduos maus por natureza e esta maldade é um dos maiores empecilhos para a convivência social. Para sustentar estas idéias nos valemos da teoria das pulsões, que, para Freud, explica o funcionamento social e individual. Isto nos subsidiou na comparação entre os conceitos de cultura e indivíduo teorizado por Freud e os modelos de cultura e indivíduo presente nos livros didáticos. Isto nos permitiu verificar a utilização nos livros didáticos de história os recursos de projeção (em sentido psicanalítico) e eufemismo para suavizar as violências ao longo da história, mas ainda assim pudemos caracterizar os livros didáticos que analisamos como um elemento socializador e banalizador da violência.

Universidade Federal do Cearà / O estudo aborda o Almanaque, gÃnero editorial de ampla circulaÃÃo durante o sÃculo XIX, com foco entre os anos de 1870 e 1908 no CearÃ. Como fonte e objeto de pesquisa, o Almanaque conecta-se à histÃria do livro e da leitura no Brasil, contribuindo para o conhecimento sobre a difusÃo do impresso, formaÃÃo de cÃrculos de leituras e redes de leitores, realizando ainda o estÃmulo à escrita por diferentes caminhos. Conjugando formato, conteÃdo e linguagem de maior acesso, esses impressos contribuÃram para formaÃÃo e ampliaÃÃo do pÃblico leitor, promovendo intercÃmbios culturais nos diversos espaÃos das provÃncias, entre pontos do Brasil, com Portugal e outros paÃses. Como espaÃo de experimentaÃÃo editorial, os Almanaques incorporaram de forma gradual as mudanÃas promovidas pelas inovaÃÃes tÃcnicas, testaram novos conteÃdos e formas de contar, mantendo-se sempre vinculados Ãs necessidades sociais e culturais de marcaÃÃo do tempo. O Almanaque à tambÃm visto prescrevendo leituras, promovendo o livro, articulando circuitos do impresso. / The study is about the Almanac, an editorial genre in wide circulation during the nineteenth century, focusing between the years 1870 and 1908 in CearÃ. As a source and object of resource, the Almanac connects to the history of books and reading in Brazil, contributing to knowledge about the distribution of printed, forming circles of readings and networks of readers, making even the stimulus for writing for different paths. Combining format, content and language of greater access, these forms have contributed to the formation and expansion of the readership, promoting cultural exchanges in different areas of the provinces, between points in Brazil, Portugal and other countries. Like editorial spaces of experimentation, the Almanacs gradually incorporated the changes promoted by technical innovations, new content and tested ways of telling, keeping always linked to social and cultural needs of timekeeping. The Almanac is also seen reading, prescribing, promoting the book, linking the printed circuits.

Esta dissertação tem como objeto o livro digital. Ela apresenta um balanço cronológico da crítica especializada sobre o tema, analisa como o livro digital surgiu e foi abordado na imprensa a partir dos anos 1980, tomando como fonte principal o jornal Folha de São Paulo, e rediscute as questões e impasses observados nas últimas décadas, agora, a partir da visão de dez profissionais brasileiros do livro / This dissertation is centered on the digital book. It presents a chronological review of the specialized critique on the subject; analyzes how the e-book came about and has been reported in the press since the 1980s, taking as main source the newspaper Folha de São Paulo; and reassesses the issues and impasses related to the e-book over the last decades, from the vision of ten Brazilian book professionals