I världen är det idag 30-35 miljoner människor som lever med HIV/AIDS och i Sverige lever idag 6 500 människor med HIV. Den HIV-drabbade är inte den enda som drabbas, då även de närstående drabbas av sjukdomens påfrestningar. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva närståendes upplevelser när en familjemedlem eller någon i närkretsen lever med HIV/AIDS. Metoden var litteraturstudie, som genomfördes med Polit och Becks niostegsmodell. Artikelrsökningen genomfördes på databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. De artiklar som inkluderades i litteraturstudien gick igenom en urvalsprocess med inklusionkriterier och granskningsmallar. Det var 11 artiklar som behölls efter urvalsprocessen med sex kvalitativa, tre kvantitativa och två med blandad metod. Resultatet är uppdelat i två huvudkategorier Emotioner samt Psykisk belastning. Underkategorierna var frustration/ilska, rädsla/oro, hopp och hopplöshet, sorg/besvikelse respektive stigmatisering, ansvar/brist på stöd samt stress. Slutsats: Dessa olika upplevelser påverkar den närstående negativt på olika sätt och kan medföra ohälsa och försämrad livskvalitet hos de närstående. Ytterligare forskning behövs.

No description available.

The term, risk-taking, has often been used to describe some of the behaviours and their associated negative outcomes occurring during adloscence. Statistics have shown that South Africa has one of the highest rates of HIV/AIDS infection in the world, with most infections occurring during adolescence. The central aim in this study was to explore the relationship between current constructions of masculinity and risk-taking behaviours among a group of young South African men. It was an exploratory study, focused on exploring how young men construct their masculinities, and how this intersects with or impacts on adolescent male risk-taking behaviours. A key conclusion drawn at the end of this project was that some traditional notions of manhood still held sway, and these tied in strongly with how these participants constructed their masculinity.

South Africa is estimated to have one of the highest epidemics of HIV infection. Recent youth studies have found that youth aged 15-24 years are increasingly becoming vulnerable to HIV. Condom use is promoted as one of the key HIV prevention methods in South Africa. Face-to-face structured questionnaire interviews were conducted with a volunteer sample of rural active women and men aged 15-26 years living in 70 villages in the Eastern Cape Province. Most of the participants were recruited in schools.

Proefschrift Universiteit van Amsterdam. / Met bibliogr., lit. opg. - Met samenvatting in het Nederlands.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2001. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

The study aimed to assess and improve the quality of care for Opuwo District Hospital HIV/AIDS clinic in Namibia. Currently, there is no literature available on the quality of care for the HIV/AIDS clinic at primary level in Namibia. Opuwo District has one of the lowest prevalence rates of HIV/AIDS in Namibia with 8.8% among ANC patients. A total of 1714 HIV positive patients are enrolled at Opuwo District Hospital HIV/AIDS clinic and 109 (6.36%) of them are defaulting treatment. Based on these statistics, I decided to do a quality improvement cycle of the HIV clinic system to see if it would improve adherence. Adherence will improve if the quality of care rendered to patients is standard (18). Aim and Objectives The aim of the research is to improve the quality of care for patients on ARVs, with concern for factors influencing adherence in Opuwo district Hospital. The objectives are as follow: 1) To evaluate the quality of care that was given to patient registered at Opuwo HIV/AIDS clinic since 2007 2) To correct inadequacies discovered during initial evaluation of the clinic to improve the quality of care 3) To evaluate if corrected inadequacies have led to improved quality Method The study design is a quality improvement cycle The quality improvement cycle done was a teamwork that involved trained nurses in HIV, data clerk, counsellors, trained pharmacist in ARV therapy and a doctor. This team audited care rendered by looking at the structure, process and outcome of the care given at the clinic; then inadequacies discovered were corrected and the whole system was re-audited to see if there is improvement. The study population was patients attending HIV/AIDS clinic since 2007 until date and the sample size was fifty with selection made by random sample using simple proportion (HIVQUAL system that was automatically programmed to calculate sample size based on the population of patients entered into the system). Data on structure was carried out prospectively by observing what is on the ground in term of equipment, staff, tools etc. Data for proper documentation, weight checked at every visit, clinical staging at every visit, counselling at every visit, TB screening etc and outcome (regular in clinic attendance, viral load below 1000 after 6months on HAART, etc) were audited retrospectively using patient’s file. Results Using chi-square test to analyse the data, the intervention was successful because the P-values were less than 0.05 in most of the indicators audited for process and outcome. It was found that after the intervention (in-service training, re-enforce proper documentation, re-enforce health education by all staff not limit it to counsellors alone, wall poster to remind staff on ordering investigation for CD4, viral load when due and follow up results by doctor or nurses, weigh check for all patients before starting consultation, doctor and nurses should prescribe IPT, Co-trimoxazole and multivitamins) was made, adherence improved from 46% to 82% and opportunistic infection declined below 15%. Conclusion The quality improvement cycle enabled simple changes like in-service training, re-enforcement of health education by all staff, etc to be made at the clinic, which lead to appreciable quality improvement over a short period.

No abstract available. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted

Workplaces are required by law to provide HIV and AIDS workplace programmes to educate and prevent the spread of HIV, and stigmatisation and discrimination against workers infected or affected by HIV and AIDS. This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the public and private sector at Mt Fletcher in the Eastern Cape Province. It aimed at assessing the availability and implementation of HIV and AIDS workplace programmes at Mt Fletcher. The study’s objectives were: to assess knowledge of HIV and AIDS among employees; to determine the availability of HIV and AIDS psychosocial programmes; to assess the employees’ knowledge on HIV and AIDS workplace guidelines that prevent stigma and discrimination. This was a quantitative study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. A total of 81 respondents from both public and private sectors participated in the study. Stratified random sampling was used to select participating workplaces. Simple random sampling was used to select respondents. The findings indicated that both public and private sector workplaces have HIV and AIDS programmes. However, all private sector workplaces at Mt Fletcher had no onsite clinic as required, but use the local public HIV and AIDS clinics. However, 24% of public and 23% of private sector employees had no knowledge of the existence of the HIV and AIDS programmes at their workplaces. About 13% of public and 10% of private sector employees indicated that stigmatisation and discrimination against people living with HIV and AIDS was a problem in the workplace. They also indicated that they would not disclose their HIV status to their employers because they were afraid of losing their jobs. The lack of disclosure further disadvantages workers living with HIV as they do not get the support they deserve from their employers. Furthermore, lack of support, stigma and discrimination have an impact on the performance and productivity of the infected and affected employees and therefore affecting the expected output of their workplaces.

Magister Artium - MA / The term, risk-taking, has often been used to describe some of the behaviours and their associated negative outcomes occurring during adloscence. Statistics have shown that South Africa has one of the highest rates of HIV/AIDS infection in the world, with most infections occurring during adolescence. The central aim in this study was to explore the relationship between current constructions of masculinity and risk-taking behaviours among a group of young South African men. It was an exploratory study, focused on exploring how young men construct their masculinities, and how this intersects with or impacts on adolescent male risk-taking behaviours. A key conclusion drawn at the end of this project was that some traditional notions of manhood still held sway, and these tied in strongly with how these participants constructed their masculinity. / South Africa