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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
121

Construção de telas holográficas e aplicações / Construction of holographic screens and their applications

Magalhães, Daniel Souza Ferreira 14 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Jose Joaquín Lunazzi / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T06:28:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Magalhaes_DanielSouzaFerreira_D.pdf: 18841445 bytes, checksum: 83953f45dd82288807d2ece70a0d3c17 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A Tela holográfica é um elemento óptico difrativo gerado pela interferência de dois feixes de maneira a redistribuir convenientemente para um observador a luz que recebe com o objetivo de visualização de imagens sem óculos e com paralaxe. Neste trabalho descrevemos alguns métodos de obtenção de telas holográficas para aplicações em projeções com luz branca. As fundamentamos, analisamos os resultados obtidos, assim como descrevemos suas aplicações. / Abstract: Holographic screen is a difractive optical element generated by the interference of two beams in order to properly distribute to an observer the light it receives with the purpose of viewing parallax images without glasses. This work describes some methods for obtaining holographic screens looking forward applications with white light. We substantiate, analyze the results and describe their applications. / Doutorado / Ótica / Doutor em Ciências
122

Projeto e fabricação de nao-estruturas por litografa interferometrica / Design and fabrication of nano-structures by interforometric lithography

Carvalho, Edson Jose de 30 May 2008 (has links)
Orientadores: Edmundo da Silva Braga, Lucila Helena D. Cescato / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T12:33:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_EdsonJosede_D.pdf: 5686598 bytes, checksum: e418bbf5ce5f022ecbe9cf631af20b3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Neste trabalho foi desenvolvida a técnica de Litografia Interferométrica para a gravação de nano-estruturas periódicas em relevo, uni e bidimensionais, sobre substratos de vidro e de silício. Em particular, o trabalho se concentrou em duas frentes: no estudo no perfil das estruturas gravadas em fotorresina, através da superposição de padrões interferométricos, e na integração desta técnica com as demais tecnologias usuais de processamento do Si para microeletrônica. A partir dos padrões luminosos, gerados pela superposição de franjas de interferência, o perfil em relevo das estruturas gravadas em fotorresina foi simulado para estudar a influência de alguns dos parâmetros do processo de exposição e revelação. Para a associação desta técnica de litografia interferométrica com as demais tecnologias de processamento de Si foi necessário desenvolver um processo para gravação sobre substratos de Si. Para isto foi preciso reduzir o efeito das ondas estacionárias na litografia. A solução encontrada foi crescer termicamente uma camada de SiO2, com espessura apropriada sobre o substrato de Si, antes da aplicação da fotorresina. Para demonstrar o potencial dos processos desenvolvidos para fabricação de componentes e dispositivos baseados em nano-estruturas, foram realizadas duas aplicações: gravação de arranjos de nano-ponteiras de Si e gravação de matrizes em relevo para moldagem de elementos difrativos de alta freqüência espacial. Utilizando a técnica de litografia interferométrica associada à corrosão por plasma RIE foram fabricados arranjos de alta densidade de nano-ponteiras de Si, com cerca de 106 pontas/mm2 e raio de curvatura da ordem de 20nm. O desempenho elétrico do arranjo de ponteiras fabricadas, como dispositivo de emissão de elétrons por efeito de campo, foi caracterizado através das medidas da curva I x V e da estabilidade temporal da corrente de elétrons emitidos. Por outro lado, foram fabricadas matrizes em relevo de elementos ópticos difrativos com propriedades de polarização. Estas estruturas foram utilizadas num processo de replicação que envolveu também etapas de moldagem por eletroformação de níquel e geração de réplicas por injeção de plástico. A caracterização óptica, tanto das matrizes quanto réplicas, foi realizada através da medida do espectro de difração para os estados ortogonais de polarização / Abstract: In this work the interferometric lithography technique was developed for recording periodic relief nano-structures, one and bi-dimensional, on silicon and glass substrates. In particular, the work is focused in two directions: the study of the profile of the structures recorded in photorresist, through the superimposition of interference light patterns, and the association of this technique with the usually microelectronics techniques for the silicon processing. Starting from the light patterns, generated by the superimposition of interference fringes, the photoresist relief profile was simulated in order to study the influence of some exposure and development parameters on it. For combining the interferometric lithography with the silicon technologies it was necessary to record the nano-structures on Si substrates. For this, it was necessary to deduct the Standing Wave effect in the lithography. The solution was to grow thermally a layer of SiO2, with a proper thickness, on the silicon substrate, before the application of the photorresist. To demonstrate the applicability of the developed processes for fabrication of components and devices based on nano-structures, two applications have been realized: the recording of arrays of silicon nano-tips and the recording of a master relief structure for molding a diffractive optical element of high spatial frequency. Using the interferometric lithography technique associated with the silicon corrosion for plasma RIE, high-density arrays of silicon nano-tips were fabricated, with about 106 tips/mm2 and ray of curvature of about 20nm. The electric performance of the nano-tips array as a Field Emission Device was characterized through the I x V curves measurement as well as the temporal stability of the emitted electron current. By the other side, a master of a Diffractive Optical Elements (DOE), with polarizing properties, was realized. This master structure was used in a replication process involving the nickel electroformed shim and the generation of the replicas by plastic injection molding. The optical characterization of both master and replicas were performed through the measurement of the diffraction spectrum for the two orthogonal polarization states / Doutorado / Eletrônica, Microeletrônica e Optoeletrônica / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica
123

"Influência dos materiais restauradores protéticos na transmissão da carga oclusal : método da interferometria holográfica" / Influence of prosthetic restorative materials at occlusal load transmission. Holographic Interferometry Method

Carla Rumi Hanada Uono 04 October 2005 (has links)
Apesar dos pesquisadores afirmarem que os materiais odontológicos restauradores, devido às suas diferentes propriedades mecânicas, influenciam na transmissão da carga para os tecidos de suporte, não foi encontrada comprovação científica concludente. Os trabalhos de análise da distribuição da carga oclusal com diferentes materiais de reconstrução protética não são concordantes em seus resultados. Assim, diante da importância da seleção de materiais restauradores protéticos no prognóstico da reabilitação oral, este trabalho se propôs a estudar a influência de coroas protéticas metalo-cerâmica e de resina, cimentadas no canino, na transmissão de tensões para o tecido ósseo em mandíbulas frescas de cães, utilizando o método de interferometria holográfica de dupla exposição. Seis hemi-mandíbulas frescas de cães da espécie Canis familiares foram fixadas em um dispositivo para garantir a invariabilidade da força aplicada durante o experimento. Uma carga de 0,98 N foi aplicada sobre as coroas, seguindo o longo eixo do dente. Pelo método de interferometria holográfica, foram obtidos 12 hologramas, 6 para cada grupo de amostras. As coroas metalo-cerâmicas apresentaram maior deslocamento, com movimento de intrusão no alvéolo, em relação às de resina. Os microdeslocamentos resultantes nas hemimandíbulas demonstraram comportamentos semelhantes de deflexão, porém, não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes na distribuição das tensões ao osso, com relação aos dois tipos de coroas consideradas, demonstrando a influência da presença do ligamento periodontal. / Although researches assert that restoring dental material, due to their different mechanical properties, influences at load transmission to support tissues, it was not find any conclusive scientific evidence. Researches with finite element, implants and different prosthetic reconstruction material do not have an agreement in terms of results. So, considering the importance of prosthetic restoring material selection on oral rehabilitate prognosis, this assignment studied the influence of metaloceramic and resin prosthetics crowns, cemented on canine, during stress transmission to bony tissue of post-mortem dog mandibles, using double exposure holographic interferometry method. Three fresh mandibles were split into 6 hemi-mandibles, which were fixed in a proper device in order to assure the same applied force during the whole experiment. A 0,98 N load was applied to the crowns, following the long axis of the tooth. It was collect 12 holograms, 6 for each sample group. Metaloceramic crowns presented larger intrusion micromovement in the alveolus, comparing that of resin ones. The resulting micromovings in the hemimandibles presented similar deflecting behaviour. However, significant statistical differences on bone tension distribution have not been found, concerning the two types of previously referred crowns, demonstrating the influence of periodontal ligament.
124

Microscopia holográfica digital aplicada na análise de tecidos biológicos / Digital Holographic Microscopy Applied in the Analysis of Biological Tissues

Marcio André Prieto Aparicio Lopez 15 June 2012 (has links)
Este trabalho teve como objetivo a aplicação do Microscópio Holográfico Digital para análise de amostras biológicas, por meio de imagens de parâmetros físicos e informação quantitativa de uma amostra, gerados através de hologramas digitais, o que não ocorre na holografia clássica. O processamento e análise dos hologramas digitais foi efetuada por um programa escrito por meio do software MatLab, empregando o método de Dupla Propagação. São explicados outros métodos para tratamento de hologramas digitais, presentes no programa. O método de Dupla Propagação foi discutido, destacando suas vantagens frente aos outros métodos. Foi aplicado o método de Volkov para a retirada de ambiguidade de fase. O processo de montagem do Microscópio Holográfico Digital foi descrito, por apresentar modificações em relação ao protótipo inicial adotado. Sete amostras foram analisadas no Microscópio Holográfico Digital, três de calibração e quatro para análise - sangue e solução concentrada de proteína denominada Beta2 Glicoproteína tipo I, ou Beta2-GPI. Para calibração, foram realizados testes de formação de imagem, realizando comparação em quatro microscópios descritos e explicados em funcionamento e princípio envolvidos na formação de imagens, utilizando a mesma amostra; e verificação das dimensões de uma amostra, por meio de medição usando ferramentas disponíveis no programa. Uma amostra de sangue de um indivíduo heterozigoto para Hemoglobina S (anemia falciforme) e uma amostra de sangue de um indivíduo homozigoto para hemoglobina A1 (controle normal) foram empregadas na forma de filmes líquidos secos sobre lâminas de vidro (extensão sanguínea). O uso de fixação foi avaliado com a amostra controle. Foram geradas imagens em duas e três dimensões para as amostras biológicas, reproduzindo as estruturas morfológicas de cada. Para a proteína Beta2-GPI, a análise envolveu somente imagens, sem extração de valores; apesar disso, os resultados mostraram possibilidades de aplicações em estudos futuros. Grandezas físicas foram calculadas para dois dos componentes sanguíneos (Plasma e Eritrócito), mostrando valores próximos daqueles conhecidos anteriormente. Entretanto, alguns valores foram considerados estimativas novas, por não se conhecer, até o momento, nenhum cálculo efetuado anteriormente. A análise comprovou a formação de imagens e a capacidade de mensuração oferecida pelo aparelho. Devido ao parâmetro da fase, foi possível extrair informações em três dimensões. / This work aimed the implementation of the Digital Holographic Microscope for the analysis of biological samples, using physical parameters images and quantitative data from a sample, both generated through digital holograms, which does not occur in Classical holography. Processing and analysis of holograms were performed by a program written using the MatLab software, applying the Double Propagation method. Other methods for the treatment of digital holograms were explained. The Double Propagation method was discussed, highlighting their advantages over other methods. The method of Volkov was applied for removing phase ambiguity. The Digital Holographic Microscope assembly process was described, because of the modifications made to the initial prototype adopted. Seven samples were analyzed in the digital holographic microscope, three of them for calibration and the other to the analysis - blood and a concentrated solution of a protein called type I Beta2 Glycoprotein, or Beta2-GPI. Calibration tests were made by observing and comparing four image microscopes, described and explained in operation and principles involved in the formation of images, using the same testing sample; and checking the dimensions of another sample through measurement, using digital tools available in the program. Hb S heterozygous (Sickle Cell disease) and Hb A1 homozygous (Control) blood samples were prepared in microscope slide glasses. Images were acquired in two and three dimensions for biological samples, reproducing their morphological structures. For Beta2-GPI, the analysis involved only images, and no values were extracted; nevertheless, the results showed potential applications in future studies. Physical quantities were calculated for two blood components (Plasma and Erythrocyte), showing values closer to those previously known. However, some values were considered new estimates, because there is no knowledge of any calculation made previously, until now, using Digital Holographic Microscopy. The analysis proved the formation of images and the measurement capacity offered by the apparatus. Due to the phase parameter, we were able to extract information in three dimensions.
125

Estudo de esforços mastigatórios utilizando técnica de interferometria holográfica\" / Study masticatory effort using holographic enterferometry technique

Glaura Caroena Azevedo de Oliveira 05 March 2007 (has links)
A interferometria holográfica é um poderoso método óptico para observação de fenômenos perturbativos e na análise de superfícies, sendo extremamente útil em aplicações em pesquisa básica, biomédicas e tecnológicas. Os cristais fotorefrativos se apresentam como um meio atrativo para registro de hologramas. O fenômeno que caracteriza esses cristais é o efeito fotorrefrativo. Tal efeito consiste na modulação do índice de refração através de fotoindução e efeito eletro-óptico linear (Efeito Pockels), o que permite o registro de hologramas de fase em volume. Entre as características que recomendam os cristais fotorrefrativos para interferometria holográfica podemos citar: o processo de registro e leitura ocorre de maneira dinâmica através da técnica de mistura de duas ondas; o fato de serem meios revers´?veis dispensando processamento químico e a boa resolução implicando imagens holográficas de boa qualidade. Analisamos as diversas tensões que ocorrem no processo mastigatório, estudando principalmente a concentração de cargas e as dissipações nesse processo, utilizando a técnica holográfica de dupla exposição e o cristal fotorrefrativo Bi12SiO20 (BSO), da família das Silenitas, como meio de registro. O estudo em crânio seco e a simulação dos principais feixes dos músculos da mastigação permitem realizar a contração dos mesmos, com aproximação melhor que os métodos de elementos finitos e resinas fotoelásticas, em estruturas anisotrópicas como o crânio. / The holographic interferometry is a powerful optical method for observation of the disturbance phenomena and in the analysis of surface, being extremely useful in application in basic research, biomedical and technological. The photorefractive crystals present as an attractive holographic recording medium. The phenomenon that characterize these crystals is the photorefractive effect. Such effect consistis of the index of refraction modulation grating via the linear eletro-optic effect (the Pockels effect) and photoindution, that it allow phase holographic recording in volume. Among the characteristics that admit the photorefractive crystals for holographic interferometry we can cite: recording and reading tecniques to occur in dynamics way through the tecnique of two-wave mixing, it is reversible medium resulting holographic images of good quality. We analyze the varied strains that occur in the masticatory process, mainly studying the load concentration and the dissipation in this process, using the double-exposure holographic technique and the photorefractive crystals Bi12SiO20 (BSO), of the sillenite family, as holographic recording medium. The study in dry skull and the simulation of main beams of the mastication muscles allow to realize the concentration of the same ones, with better approach than the methods of finite elements and photoelastics resins, in anisotropic structures as the skull.
126

Volume holographic lens spectrum-splitting photovoltaic system for high energy yield with direct and diffuse solar illumination

Chrysler, Benjamin D., Wu, Yuechen, Kostuk, Raymond K., Yu, Zhengshan 25 August 2017 (has links)
In this paper a prototype spectrum-splitting photovoltaic system based on volume holographic lenses (VHL) is designed, fabricated and tested. In spectrum-splitting systems, incident sunlight is divided in spectral bands for optimal conversion by a set of single-junction PV cells that are laterally separated. The VHL spectrum-splitting system in this paper has a form factor similar to conventional silicon PV modules but with higher efficiencies (>30%). Unlike many other spectrum-splitting systems that have been proposed in the past, the system in this work converts both direct and diffuse sunlight while using inexpensive 1-axis tracking systems. The VHL system uses holographic lenses that focus light at a transition wavelength to the boundary between two PV cells. Longer wavelength light is dispersed to the narrow bandgap cell and shorter wavelength light to the wide bandgap cell. A prototype system is designed with silicon and GaAs PV cells. The holographic lenses are fabricated in Covestro Bayfol HX photopolymer by 'stitching' together lens segments through sequential masked exposures. The PV cells and holographic lenses were characterized and the data was used in a raytrace simulation and predicts an improvement in total power output of 15.2% compared to a non-spectrum-splitting reference. A laboratory measurement yielded an improvement in power output of 8.5%.
127

Non-conformal gauge/string duality : A rigorous case study

Chen-Lin, Xinyi January 2017 (has links)
The gauge/string duality, a.k.a. the holographic principle is a profound assertion that emerged from string theory. It relates strongly-coupled gauge theories to weakly coupled string theories living in a higher-dimensional curved geometry. Nevertheless, it is a conjecture, and only a few instances of its more concrete form, the AdS/CFT correspondence, are well-understood. The most well-studied example is the duality between N=4 SYM, which is a CFT, and type IIB string theory in AdS5xS5 background. Generalization to less symmetric cases is a must, and the next logical step is to add a mass scale to N=4 SYM, therefore breaking its conformal symmetry and leading to N=2* SYM, the theory we study in this thesis. It is supersymmetric enough to employ the powerful localization method that reduces its partition function to a matrix model. We will see that the mass scale causes non-trivial phase structures in its vacuum configuration, visible in the holographic regime. We will probe them using Wilson loops in different representations of the gauge group. On the other hand, the dual supergravity background was derived by Pilch-Warner, making N=2* theory an explicitly testable non-conformal holographic case, which is a rare example. We will prove that the duality works for the dual observables (string action, D-branes) we managed to compute, even at a quantum-level.
128

Holographic point-of-care diagnostic devices

Yetisen, Ali Kemal January 2014 (has links)
Developing non-invasive and accurate diagnostics that are easily manufactured, robust and reusable will provide monitoring of high-risk individuals in any clinical or point-of-care environment, particularly in the developing world. There is currently no rapid, low-cost and generic sensor fabrication technique capable of producing narrow-band, uniform, reversible colorimetric readouts with a high-tuneability range. This thesis aims to present a theoretical and experimental basis for the rapid fabrication, optimisation and testing of holographic sensors for the quantification of pH, organic solvents, metal cations, and glucose in solutions. The sensing mechanism was computationally modelled to optimise its optical characteristics and predict the readouts. A single pulse of a laser (6 ns, 532 nm, 350 mJ) in holographic “Denisyuk” reflection mode allowed rapid production of sensors through silver-halide chemistry, in situ particle size reduction and photopolymerisation. The fabricated sensors consisted of off-axis Bragg diffraction gratings of ordered silver nanoparticles and localised refractive index changes in poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and polyacrylamide films. The sensors exhibited reversible Bragg peak shifts, and diffracted the spectrum of narrow-band light over the wavelength range λpeak ≈ 500-1100 nm. The application of the holographic sensors was demonstrated by sensing pH in artificial urine over the physiological range (4.5-9.0), with a sensitivity of 48 nm/pH unit between pH 5.0 and 6.0. For sensing metal cations, a porphyrin derivative was synthesised to act as the crosslinker, the light absorbing material, the component of a diffraction grating, as well as the cation chelating agent. The sensor allowed reversible quantification of Cu2+ and Fe2+ ions (50 mM - 1 M) with a response time within 50 s. Clinical trials of a glucose sensor in the urine samples of diabetic patients demonstrated that the glucose sensor has an improved performance compared to a commercial high-throughput urinalysis device. The experimental sensitivity of the glucose sensor exhibited a limit of detection of 90 µM, and permitted diagnosis of glucosuria up to 350 mM. The sensor response was achieved within 5 min and the sensor could be reused about 400 times without compromising its accuracy. Holographic sensors were also tested in flake form, and integrated with paper-iron oxide composites, dyed filter and chromatography papers, and nitrocellulose-based test strips. Finally, a generic smartphone application was developed and tested to quantify colorimetric tests for both Android and iOS operating systems. The developed sensing platform and the smartphone application have implications for the development of low-cost, reusable and equipment-free point-of-care diagnostic devices.
129

Normal Factor Graphs

Al-Bashabsheh, Ali January 2014 (has links)
This thesis introduces normal factor graphs under a new semantics, namely, the exterior function semantics. Initially, this work was motivated by two distinct lines of research. One line is ``holographic algorithms,'' a powerful approach introduced by Valiant for solving various counting problems in computer science; the other is ``normal graphs,'' an elegant framework proposed by Forney for representing codes defined on graphs. The nonrestrictive normality constraint enables the notion of holographic transformations for normal factor graphs. We establish a theorem, called the generalized Holant theorem, which relates a normal factor graph to its holographic transformation. We show that the generalized Holant theorem on one hand underlies the principle of holographic algorithms, and on the other reduces to a general duality theorem for normal factor graphs, a special case of which was first proved by Forney. As an application beyond Forney's duality, we show that the normal factor graphs duality facilitates the approximation of the partition function for the two-dimensional nearest-neighbor Potts model. In the course of our development, we formalize a new semantics for normal factor graphs, which highlights various linear algebraic properties that enables the use of normal factor graphs as a linear algebraic tool. Indeed, we demonstrate the ability of normal factor graphs to encode several concepts from linear algebra and present normal factor graphs as a generalization of ``trace diagrams.'' We illustrate, with examples, the workings of this framework and how several identities from linear algebra may be obtained using a simple graphical manipulation procedure called ``vertex merging/splitting.'' We also discuss translation association schemes with the aid of normal factor graphs, which we believe provides a simple approach to understanding the subject. Further, under the new semantics, normal factor graphs provide a probabilistic model that unifies several graphical models such as factor graphs, convolutional factor graphs, and cumulative distribution networks.
130

Microscopia holográfica digital aplicada na análise de tecidos biológicos / Digital Holographic Microscopy Applied in the Analysis of Biological Tissues

Lopez, Marcio André Prieto Aparicio 15 June 2012 (has links)
Este trabalho teve como objetivo a aplicação do Microscópio Holográfico Digital para análise de amostras biológicas, por meio de imagens de parâmetros físicos e informação quantitativa de uma amostra, gerados através de hologramas digitais, o que não ocorre na holografia clássica. O processamento e análise dos hologramas digitais foi efetuada por um programa escrito por meio do software MatLab, empregando o método de Dupla Propagação. São explicados outros métodos para tratamento de hologramas digitais, presentes no programa. O método de Dupla Propagação foi discutido, destacando suas vantagens frente aos outros métodos. Foi aplicado o método de Volkov para a retirada de ambiguidade de fase. O processo de montagem do Microscópio Holográfico Digital foi descrito, por apresentar modificações em relação ao protótipo inicial adotado. Sete amostras foram analisadas no Microscópio Holográfico Digital, três de calibração e quatro para análise - sangue e solução concentrada de proteína denominada Beta2 Glicoproteína tipo I, ou Beta2-GPI. Para calibração, foram realizados testes de formação de imagem, realizando comparação em quatro microscópios descritos e explicados em funcionamento e princípio envolvidos na formação de imagens, utilizando a mesma amostra; e verificação das dimensões de uma amostra, por meio de medição usando ferramentas disponíveis no programa. Uma amostra de sangue de um indivíduo heterozigoto para Hemoglobina S (anemia falciforme) e uma amostra de sangue de um indivíduo homozigoto para hemoglobina A1 (controle normal) foram empregadas na forma de filmes líquidos secos sobre lâminas de vidro (extensão sanguínea). O uso de fixação foi avaliado com a amostra controle. Foram geradas imagens em duas e três dimensões para as amostras biológicas, reproduzindo as estruturas morfológicas de cada. Para a proteína Beta2-GPI, a análise envolveu somente imagens, sem extração de valores; apesar disso, os resultados mostraram possibilidades de aplicações em estudos futuros. Grandezas físicas foram calculadas para dois dos componentes sanguíneos (Plasma e Eritrócito), mostrando valores próximos daqueles conhecidos anteriormente. Entretanto, alguns valores foram considerados estimativas novas, por não se conhecer, até o momento, nenhum cálculo efetuado anteriormente. A análise comprovou a formação de imagens e a capacidade de mensuração oferecida pelo aparelho. Devido ao parâmetro da fase, foi possível extrair informações em três dimensões. / This work aimed the implementation of the Digital Holographic Microscope for the analysis of biological samples, using physical parameters images and quantitative data from a sample, both generated through digital holograms, which does not occur in Classical holography. Processing and analysis of holograms were performed by a program written using the MatLab software, applying the Double Propagation method. Other methods for the treatment of digital holograms were explained. The Double Propagation method was discussed, highlighting their advantages over other methods. The method of Volkov was applied for removing phase ambiguity. The Digital Holographic Microscope assembly process was described, because of the modifications made to the initial prototype adopted. Seven samples were analyzed in the digital holographic microscope, three of them for calibration and the other to the analysis - blood and a concentrated solution of a protein called type I Beta2 Glycoprotein, or Beta2-GPI. Calibration tests were made by observing and comparing four image microscopes, described and explained in operation and principles involved in the formation of images, using the same testing sample; and checking the dimensions of another sample through measurement, using digital tools available in the program. Hb S heterozygous (Sickle Cell disease) and Hb A1 homozygous (Control) blood samples were prepared in microscope slide glasses. Images were acquired in two and three dimensions for biological samples, reproducing their morphological structures. For Beta2-GPI, the analysis involved only images, and no values were extracted; nevertheless, the results showed potential applications in future studies. Physical quantities were calculated for two blood components (Plasma and Erythrocyte), showing values closer to those previously known. However, some values were considered new estimates, because there is no knowledge of any calculation made previously, until now, using Digital Holographic Microscopy. The analysis proved the formation of images and the measurement capacity offered by the apparatus. Due to the phase parameter, we were able to extract information in three dimensions.

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