Please read the abstract in the dissertation / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 1974. / Curriculum Studies / Unrestricted

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-02-17T12:31:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 6136768 bytes, checksum: ccdfd7e4fbd585f4e9735ea9a380d1b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-17T12:31:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 6136768 bytes, checksum: ccdfd7e4fbd585f4e9735ea9a380d1b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-10 / The way man relates with the sacrate is the object study of many different humanity sciences. The understanding of how the mind process the manifestations of the religious phenomenon in the practice of religous people occurs by the rites orchestration, as they function as the myth preservation and renovation. The relationship between homo religious and the binomial sacred/unholy happenening depens on environment, objects or the psycological states that will vary the level of abstraction in the practice of the rites. Aiming to increase the knowledge about religious phenomenon, the object of study in the Religions Science, it is proposed the observation the rite of the Holy Communion celebrated by the Historic Protestants, through an interview with ministers and those of historical Protestantism doing a qualitative research with ethnographic outlining in order to answer the question: What meaning the followers of historical Protestantism give the symbolism of the essential elements of bread and wine in the rite of Holy Communion? The research will contribute on the understanding of the meaning given to this rite on the followers of the Lutheran, Anglican, and Presbyterian churches, which are within the historiacal Protestantism derived from the Religious Reformation of the Sixteenth century. The method we will use to analyze the reported and observed senses is the Discursive Textual Analysis, through interviews where the questions were aimed at the description of the meanings attributed by the subjects to participate in the rite of Holy Communion, and where the data collected from interviews with social texts participants of the rite will be applied according to the durandiano paradigm (1997). The research is justified in the field of Sciences of Religions considering that seeks to identify the religious phenomenon among followers of a significant segment of Christianity. Symbolic systems, associations, decoding, tradition, memory and transformation underlie the symbolic imagination of the historical Protestantism through the meaning of the elements bread and wine, instituted by Jesus Christ as a memorial to his sacrifice symbolically narrated through the Communion rite. Looking at ancient practice of this rite searching to understand its theological implications through Sensitivity Structures will contribute to advance the general knowledge of the man and his religiosity, through anthropological approach Imaginary Gerald Theory by Gilbert Durand. / A forma como o homem relaciona-se com o sagrado é objeto de estudo de campos diferenciados nas ciências humanas. A compreensão acerca de como o intelecto processa as manifestações do fenômeno religioso na práxis dos adeptos das religiões se dá pela orquestração dos ritos, que desempenham a função de preservação e renovação do mito. A relação entre o homo religiosus e o binômio sagrado/profano ocorre quanto a ambientes, objetos ou estados psicológicos, e varia em certo nível de abstração nos ritos. Com o objetivo de ampliar o conhecimento quanto ao fenômeno religioso, objeto das Ciências das Religiões, propusemos observar o rito da Santa Ceia, celebrado pelos Protestantes Históricas, através de uma pesquisa qualitativa com procedimento de campo, utilizando a observação participante e entrevistas a ministros e adeptos do protestantismo histórico, buscando responder a seguinte questão problema: Qual o sentido que os adeptos do protestantismo histórico conferem a simbologia dos elementos essenciais pão e vinho no rito da Santa Ceia? Nossa pesquisa contribuiu para compreensão dos sentidos atribuídos a este rito nos adeptos das denominações Luterana, Anglicana, e Presbiteriana, comunidades do protestantismo histórico oriundas do movimento da Reforma Religiosa do século XVI na cidade de João Pessoa - PB. O método utilizado para análise dos sentidos observados e relatados foi o da Análise Textual Discursiva, através de entrevistas onde as perguntas tiveram por objetivo a descrição dos sentidos atribuídos pelos sujeitos ao participar do rito da Santa Ceia, e onde os dados coletados das entrevistas com os participantes do rito foram aplicados segundo o referencial do paradigma durandiano (1997). Nossa pesquisa justificou-se no campo das Ciências das Religiões através da identificação do fenômeno religioso entre os adeptos do segmento ‘Protestante Histórico’. O processo hermenêutico aplicado ao corpus, pela Análise Textual Discursiva, nos permitiu constatar a relação entre a práxis religiosa dos sujeitos participantes do rito com seus elementos, pão e vinho, instituídos por Jesus Cristo como memorial de seu sacrifício, narrado simbolicamente através da Santa Ceia. Nos discursos dos sujeitos entrevistados, verificamos a presença das estruturas de sensibilidade heroica, mística e dramática, postuladas na Teoria Geral do Imaginário, através da evidência das imagens organizadas pelo Regime Noturno, gerando a eufemização da finitude, e ocasionando que uma narrativa simbólica que remete a morte, alimente nos Protestantes Históricos a esperança da vida eterna. Sistemas simbólicos, associações, decodificação, tradição, memória e transformação perpassam pela imaginação simbólica dos adeptos do protestantismo histórico. A análise da prática do rito da Santa Ceia, associando suas implicações teológicas, em diálogo com as Estruturas de Sensibilidade, contribuiu para avançar o conhecimento geral do homem e de sua religiosidade.

The Anglican Church is experiencing a growing number of clergy who abuse alcohol, and this has made people to ask whether clergy still embody the image of God or if they are “alcoholics.” I therefore undertook to do a research on this problem to ascertain whether the church creates alcoholics or are alcoholics attracted to the ministry. Questionnaires designed for laity, clergy and the diocesan leadership were given to them to find out if alcohol and alcoholism is a problem to the church and what could be the cause of it. Realizing that the questionnaires may not be sufficient, five case studies we used. These case studies are real stories from different priests across Southern Africa. They are more detailed and shed a light to the problem of alcoholism among the clergy. Through the questionnaires and case studies, the researcher found that ministerial stress, family stress, financial problems, lack of recreational time and peer pressure contribute to clergy being alcoholics. Moreover, the diocesan leadership has not devised means to assist alcoholic priests on permanent bases. Sending an alcoholic priest to rehabilitation centres has been the modus operandi and there is no follow up from the leadership until the said priest relapses. Families of alcoholic clergy have been left to find their own ways of healing. The parish too, has not received much help. The question asked is how the parish heal and not take out its pain on a new priest who comes after the alcoholic priest. The researcher recommends that as part of the discernment process, a psychologist be involved to help to ascertain whether a candidate to ministry does / have exposure to alcohol and to what extend his condition can be a hindrance to performing his priestly calling. With many clergy, the signs were there when they went to the Discernment Conference and no one picked them up. And as part of clergy training and formation, the abuse of alcohol and its consequences should be discussed and on-going assistance should be accessible to both clergy and their families. Though this research was not aimed at stopping priests from being alcoholics, the researcher hopes that it helps the clergy to realize what alcohol do to their ministry, families and themselves so that they can make wise choices when it comes to taking alcohol. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Practical Theology / unrestricted

In the history of the Reformed Churches of South Africa (RCSA) great emphisis was placed on the notion to make decisions on the basis, and in accordance to the Scriptures. In spite of this notion, the church community of the RCSA stand in the midst of great tension regarding some decisions. In the fifty year period from the centenary festival in 1959 to the 150 year festival in 2009, assemblies of the church community were confronted with many objections to decisions regarding racial relations, the acceptance of the 1983-translation of the Bible in Afrikaans, the acceptance of the 2001-Psalter, the use of small cups in the Holy Communion and the role of women in the offices of deacon, elder and minister. The question that’s being addressed in this study is, if a shift in the RCSA’s view of Scripture took place. Chapter 2 gives an historical overview of the decisions that gave way to to the differences mentioned above. From the historical overview the aspects regarding the view of Scripture can be formulated. In chapter 3 the relation between the differences and the view of Scripture are examined. At first a short definition of the reformed view of Scripture are formulated. Hermeneutical and view of Scripture aspects of the raports of deputies and decisions of assemblies are tested according to the formulated definition of a reformed view of Scripture. Chapter 4 examines the influence that paradigm shifts had on the differences in the RCSA. Focus is placed on the influence of postmodernism on the one hand and fundamentalism on the other. Attention is also given to the stance of the RCSA on these two paradigms of thought with relation to the view of Scripture. In light of the reformed view of Scripture the postmodern approach to hermeneutics is discarded as well as the the fundamentalist view of Scripture. In spite of the reality of paradigmshifts, the raports of deputies and the decisions of assemblies does not reflect this reality. Chapter 5 tries to point a way out to handle the differences in the ligt of the Reformed view of Scripture. Focus is placed on the place the sociohistorical context holds in the revelationhistorical exegetical process. The chapter further investigates the relation between desicions on Scriptural grounds and the right to protest according to artical 31 of the Reformed Chrurchorder. Attention in given to so called ordinary cases ans essential cases. The notion that differences can be solved when dessicions is based on Scripture alone is put forward in this chapter. / Thesis (M.Th. (Church and Dogma History))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011

In the history of the Reformed Churches of South Africa (RCSA) great emphisis was placed on the notion to make decisions on the basis, and in accordance to the Scriptures. In spite of this notion, the church community of the RCSA stand in the midst of great tension regarding some decisions. In the fifty year period from the centenary festival in 1959 to the 150 year festival in 2009, assemblies of the church community were confronted with many objections to decisions regarding racial relations, the acceptance of the 1983-translation of the Bible in Afrikaans, the acceptance of the 2001-Psalter, the use of small cups in the Holy Communion and the role of women in the offices of deacon, elder and minister. The question that’s being addressed in this study is, if a shift in the RCSA’s view of Scripture took place. Chapter 2 gives an historical overview of the decisions that gave way to to the differences mentioned above. From the historical overview the aspects regarding the view of Scripture can be formulated. In chapter 3 the relation between the differences and the view of Scripture are examined. At first a short definition of the reformed view of Scripture are formulated. Hermeneutical and view of Scripture aspects of the raports of deputies and decisions of assemblies are tested according to the formulated definition of a reformed view of Scripture. Chapter 4 examines the influence that paradigm shifts had on the differences in the RCSA. Focus is placed on the influence of postmodernism on the one hand and fundamentalism on the other. Attention is also given to the stance of the RCSA on these two paradigms of thought with relation to the view of Scripture. In light of the reformed view of Scripture the postmodern approach to hermeneutics is discarded as well as the the fundamentalist view of Scripture. In spite of the reality of paradigmshifts, the raports of deputies and the decisions of assemblies does not reflect this reality. Chapter 5 tries to point a way out to handle the differences in the ligt of the Reformed view of Scripture. Focus is placed on the place the sociohistorical context holds in the revelationhistorical exegetical process. The chapter further investigates the relation between desicions on Scriptural grounds and the right to protest according to artical 31 of the Reformed Chrurchorder. Attention in given to so called ordinary cases ans essential cases. The notion that differences can be solved when dessicions is based on Scripture alone is put forward in this chapter. / Thesis (M.Th. (Church and Dogma History))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011

A presente pesquisa faz um levantamento das principais concep-ções sobre a Santa Ceia na "teologia oficial" e na "teologia popular" no âmbito da Igreja Evangélica Luterana do Brasil (IELB) e depois de comparar e interpretar os dados levantados tira as conseqüências para a prática litúrgica à luz das origens do culto cristão. No capítulo um faz-se uma explanação sobre a Santa Ceia na "teologia oficial" da IELB, definindo-a como um sacramento, identificando seus benefícios, enumerando suas conseqüências, falando do preparo para a participação e de quem participa dela. No capítulo dois faz-se a explanação do resultado de uma pesquisa social para identificar os principais elementos da "teologia popular" concernente à Santa Ceia no âmbito da IELB. Neste capítulo destacam-se os principais enunciados da "teologia popular": os participantes da Ceia são os que se preparam para participar, os que andam no caminho certo, os que são batizados e confirmados, que são da igreja ou crêem no que a igreja ensina. Faz-se referência a um grupo de entrevistados que não impõe qualquer condição, mas que diz que todos podem participar. Entre os benefícios da participação da Santa Ceia, na "teologia popular" destacam-se: traz perdão dos pecados, recebe-se o corpo e o sangue de Cristo, traz salvação, traz alívio e paz ao coração, fortalece e renova a fé. As conseqüências da participação da Santa Ceia, segundo a "teologia popular", são as que seguem: ajuda na mudança de atitudes, oportuniza a comunhão com Deus e com os irmãos, torna o local da celebração um lugar de bem-estar . Outros aspectos relevantes da pesquisa foram destacados na "teologia popular": é importante consagrar os elementos, lembra-se dos hinos e da liturgia, lembra-se da instrução e da primeira comunhão, lembra-se de pessoas queridas. No capítulo três se faz uma justaposição, comparação e interpretação dos enunciados da "teologia oficial" e da "teologia popular". Neste capítulo colocam-se lado a lado os enunciados da "teologia oficial" e da "teologia popular", buscando identificar semelhanças e diferenças entre ambas e procurando identificar possíveis causas para essas semelhanças e diferenças. No último capítulo, fazendo-se um retorno ao passado, apresentam-se as conseqüências das descobertas da pesquisa para a prática da Santa Ceia à luz das origens do culto cristão. Neste capítulo, ao se tratar da Eucaristia nas origens do culto cristão, fala-se das influências judaicas, apreciam-se aspectos relevantes da última Ceia de Cristo, discorre-se a respeito do "partir do pão" na era apostólica e, por fim, do testemunho da Igreja Antiga acerca da Eucaristia. A partir desses referenciais das origens do culto cristão, procura-se listar possíveis conseqüências para a prática da Santa Ceia no âmbito da IELB. / This research makes a survey about the main conceptions relating to the Holy Supper from the point of view of the "official theology" and from the perspective of "popular theology" in the context of The Igreja Evangélica Luterana do Brasil (IELB). After comparing and interpreting the results, conclusions are made for the liturgical practice in the light of the origins of the Christian worship. In the first chapter there is an explanation about the Holy Supper in the "official theology" of IELB defining it as a sacrament, identifying its benefits, establishing its consequences, discussing the preparation for participation of those involved in it. In chapter two, there is the explanation of the results of a social survey in order to identify the main elements of the "popular theology" concerning Holy Supper in the congregations of IELB. In this chapter the focus is on the main enunciations of the "popular theology": the participants of the Holy Supper are those who prepare themselves for Communion, those who walk in the right path, those who are baptized and confirmed, and those who belong to the church or believe in the churchs teaching. There is reference to a group that was interviewed that does not put any condition and says that any person can participate. Among the benefits of those who participate in the Holy Supper, in the "popular theology", the following can be emphasized: it brings forgiveness of sins, the body and blood of Christ are received, it brings salvation, it brings relieve and peace to the heart, it strengthens and renews the faith. The consequences of the participation in the Holy Supper, according to the "popular theology", are the following: help in the change of behavior, it bestows communion with God and with fellow brothers and sisters, it turns the place of celebration into a pleasant place. Other aspects: it is important to consecrate the elements, the person remembers the hymns and liturgy, the Confirmation instruction and the first Communion, and remembers beloved people. In chapter three, there is a juxtaposition, comparison, and interpretation of the data taken from the "official theology" and of the "popular theology". In this chapter this research parallels the enunciations of the "official theology" and of the "popular theology" where it identifies the similarities and the differences between them trying to identify possible causes for these similarities and differences. In the last chapter, there is a return to the past. This chapter presents the results of the research for the practice of the Holy Supper in the light of the origins of Christian worship. This chapter, when analysing the Eucharist in the origins of the Christian worship, deals with the Jewish influences, important aspects of Christs Last Supper are valued; it discusses the "breaking of the bread" in the Apostolic era and, finally, the chapter discusses the witness of the Ancient Church about the Eucharist. Beginning with these references of the origins of the Christian worship, this research lists possible consequences for the practice of the Holy Supper at IELBs sphere of action.

This thesis deals with the preparation of children for the first Holy Communion and their introduction into active and conscious celebration of Holy Mass. The theoretical part describes specifics of Christian education, typical features of younger school age?s children and nature of religious education and catechesis. Further more it describes the basic definition of the liturgy, the ways or possibilities of a true celebration of liturgical celebrations. The practical part is made up of two areas. The first section is based on the theoretical part and its basis characterizes the basic criteria which the preparation for first Holy Communion should respect. The second section contains a brief characterization of twelve books and series about the preparation for the first Holy Communion. These materials are reflected from three aspects ? if they are intended for teaching religion or catechesis, whether they count in cooperation with the family and possibly with the parish, or if they ultimately prepare children for their active and conscious participation in Holly Mass. The review is not aimed only to criticise, but rather wants to emphasize the potential benefits of a particular material and thus its importance in the systematic introducing of children into the celebration of the liturgy, from which it is possible to gain the true joy and hope.

No abstract available / Dissertation (MA (Theology))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Church History and Church Policy / unrestricted