My thesis explores a violent episode which took place in a Sinhala village in Sri Lanka. This episode involved a series of events which unfolded between November 1989-January 1990, when 22 schoolboys were abducted from their homes, tortured and killed by personnel based at a neighbouring army camp. This episode took place in the wake of a popular armed upnsmg. Yet an Intelligence investigation conducted by the regime-in-power in 1991 exonerated all the boys from any complicity in insurgent activity. Though Sri Lanka has seen collective violence ranging from inter-ethnic to class-based to gender-specific, in this event, both victims and perpetrators share the same Sinhala-Buddhist ethnic, linguistic and religious ethos and male gender. Thus local constructions of masculinities within Sinhala society become increasingly pivotal; it was not their politics, I argue, but their demeanour as young boys which was central to their fate. This involves the posture of deference (lajja-bhavu or the 'fear of being [publicly] shamed') that adolescent offspring in Sinhala society almost involuntarily assume vis-a-vis parents, older sibling and other figures of authority. Bodily demeanour, remarks Bourdieu, exemplifies social class and gender identity (1977; 1984). But I would argue that in the South Asian context demeanours of deference do not always imply hierarchichal relationships of power, though sometimes of course they may. They remain a courtesy which retains the fiction of precedence. Withdrawal of such deference creates anxiety and unvoiced rage. But with the incursions of the global into everyday life, local demeanours of self-hood are pervaded by the effects of the tabloid/electronic media, mass education, discourses on political rights etc. and fraught with new ambiguities. And even more than a withdrawal of deference, such ambiguity provokes unease. But since - much of the time - demeanour is involuntary, the young actor may not always perceive that his demeanour is now more charged, and he may not grasp the enormity of the emotions this occasions. It is in the public domain that such withdrawal/ambiguity is most clearly seen to undermine the role of it's receiver, whose outrage becomes to that extent culturally validated. This creates a space for the performative acting out of such emotions. The act or violence now becomes an attempt to restore meaning/significance to the life of the actor. seen to have been in some way untenably diminished by the withdrawal of deference.

The low pressure (LP) exhaust system presents a promising avenue for improving the performance of large steam turbines. For this reason, LP exhaust systems have attracted the attention of the research community for decades. Nevertheless, we still lack understanding of the flow physics and loss mechanisms in the exhaust system, especially at part-load conditions. It is also unclear how the exhaust system should be designed when its required operating range widens. This thesis provides solutions to these aerodynamic issues through experimental and numerical investigations, and provides tools that could contribute to better designs of LP exhaust systems. Firstly, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solver ANSYS CFX was validated against experiments performed on a scaled test rig under representative part-load flow conditions. This validation exposed the weakness of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) CFD when there is a highly swirling flow and large separation regions in the exhaust diffuser. To facilitate the numerical studies, a series of tools were also developed. A design suite, ExhaustGen, was used to automate the pre- and post-processing of CFD calculations. The exhaust diffuser was parametrised using "Minimum Energy Curves", which reduce the dimension of parameter space. Further, a suitable stage-hood interface treatment (Multiple Mixing Planes) was chosen to predict the circumferentially non-uniform flow in the exhaust hood at low computational cost. Numerical investigation of the baseline geometry provided insights into the key flow features and loss mechanisms in the exhaust system, over a wide range of operating conditions. In particular, the bearing cone separation was identified as a key source of loss at part-load conditions. The effect of stage-hood interaction on the performance and design of the exhaust system was studied by varying the rotor blade design, which can positively influence system performance. Finally, a global sensitivity study was performed to identify the most influential design parameters of the exhaust hood. These findings allow, for the first time, LP exhaust hood performance maps to be constructed, so that the benefits of choosing a suitable hood geometry and blade design can be revealed. The thesis also offers contribution towards formulating LP exhaust system design guidance for a wide operating range.

This study is an effort to characterize the magma sources, plumbing system, and eruptive behavior of Mount Hood, a low-explosivity recharge-dominated volcano in the Oregon Cascades. The three manuscripts in this dissertation make use of melt inclusion data, phenocryst compositions, and whole rock petrology and geochemistry to build a schematic model of plumbing, mixing, and eruption at Mount Hood. Volatile contents in melt inclusions were measured by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Secondary Ion Mass Spectometry (SIMS). These measurements indicate that the pre-eruptive volatile contents at Mount Hood are comparable to concentrations in more explosive volcanoes, and do not sufficiently explain the low explosivity of Mount Hood. Measured H₂O contents were also used to test the validity of multiple different hygrometers. Various geothermobarometers were applied to the melt inclusions and phenocrysts from Mount Hood, and demonstrate that pre-eruptive temperatures increase by 100-150 ̊C immediately after mafic recharge, which occurs days to weeks prior to eruption and is accompanied by a 5-10 fold decrease in magma viscosity. Numerical simulations of magma ascent indicate that magma fragmentation is significantly delayed with this magnitude of pre-eruptive heating, which reduces the likelihood of explosive eruption. Analyses of amphibole demonstrate two markedly different populations, which correspond to different magma compositions, temperatures, and pressures. Pressure and temperature calculations were compared to other geothermobarometers to crosscheck the validity of these results and generally agreed well. Trace element concentrations in lavas, enclaves, and inclusions from Mount Hood confirm previous models for simple binary mixing at Mount Hood. A linear regression technique for extrapolating the major element contents of the mixing endmembers works acceptably well to characterize the trace element budgets of these endmembers. Additionally, we observe that the "recharge filter" that is responsible for the compositionally monotonous lavas at Mount Hood is also the likely cause of long-term low explosivity, and is indicative of a two-part magma plumbing system that may be a general model for a number of other recharge-dominated arc volcanoes. The results presented in this dissertation, in concert with previous results by other authors, converge on a generally consistent model for the production, hybridization, and eruption of intermediate lavas at Mount Hood and elsewhere. / Graduation date: 2012 / Access restricted to the OSU Community at author's request from Sept. 16, 2011 - March 16, 2012

This is a report concerning the body of artwork I have formulated in the last two of my three years spent as a graduate student in the M.F.A. program at the University of Texas at Austin. It provides a chronological description of key works and the influences drawn upon within this time frame. Broken into eight substantive sections, the report reflects an in-depth study on “object-hood.” / text

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington. / Bibliography: l. 105-118.

Mount Hood is an Oregon icon. The mountain has as long and rich a history of recreation and tourism as almost any other place in the American West. But contemporary landscapes on Mount Hood reveal a recreation and tourism industry that has struggled to assert itself, and a distinct geographic divide is evident in the manner in which tourism has been developed. Why? In this study I chronicle the historical geography of recreation and tourism on Mount Hood. I examine the evolution of its character and pattern, and the ways in which various communities have used it to invest meaning in the places they call home. Despite the efforts of early boosters, Mount Hood has never been home to an elite destination resort like Aspen, Sun Valley, or Vail. Instead, modest recreation developed alongside timber and agriculture, and today the area is primarily a regional attraction. Unlike destinations with national and international clienteles that play a significant role in shaping lives and landscapes, local and regional interests are the primary drivers of recreation and tourism on Mount Hood. Communities on the mountain have incorporated the industry into their lives and landscapes to varying degrees. Mount Hood is also inextricably tied to Portland, and as an integral part of the city's history and identity, reflects its residents' tastes, values, and priorities. This combination of local and metropolitan interests has left an imprint on Mount Hood that reflects tensions and contradictions that define Oregon in the early twenty-first century: past vs. future, old vs. new economies, urban vs. rural inclinations, progress vs. status quo, and upscale vs. modest tastes. Spatially, temporally, and psychologically, Mount Hood straddles the divide between two visions: a service-based economy in the Willamette Valley, heavily dependent on technology, and a traditional, resource-based economy in much of the rest of the state.

Throughout its eruptive history, Mount Hood has produced compositionally similar calc-alkaline andesite as lava flows and domes near the summit and basaltic andesitic flows from flank vents. Found within the andesite are slightly more mafic inclusions that are compositionally similar to the host andesite (or host lavas); no inclusions were found in the flank lavas. Host lavas and inclusions have the following mineral assemblage: plag + opx ± cpx ± amp + oxides. Flank lava mineralogy is similar to the inclusions and host lavas, but since they are more mafic they contain olivine instead of amphibole. Average silica content among samples analyzed ranges from 57.6 to 62.7 weight percent; however the incompatible trace element composition is more variable at lower silica contents and becomes less variable at higher silica contents. In terms of incompatible trace element composition, the host lavas and inclusions are either depleted (no amp) or enriched (amp± cpx).

No description available.

Four Georgia women authors focus on different but equally important components of life: the natural environment of Janisse Ray, relationships in Mary Hood, culture in Tina McElroy Ansa, and sociological history in Melissa Fay Greene. While the focus of the writings by these authors overlap, their various approaches examined together reveal the essential areas where contemporary society has lost its way. All four argue how not to live by pointing out examples of negative actions and the consequences of human carelessness. Through compelling stories, these four authors show us how to preserve and improve our environment, our relationships, our culture, and our history. Ansa, Greene, Hood, and Ray are all from Georgia and write about both Georgia and the world from the perspective of contemporary Georgia. However, these four authors do not defend or deny the atrocities of the South but rather attempt to make reparations through better ideas, improved behavior, and a portrayal of southern places and people that acknowledges the wrongs of present and past and brings healing and growth to humans and to the environment. What unites all four authors is their dual purpose and more importantly a dual positive effect. Readers are entertained, but they are also motivated to act more consciously in their own relationships and in their environments. All four authors promote the theme of nurture and care, often by revealing real people or characters who are careless or who fail to nurture.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2007. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-96). Also available on the World Wide Web.