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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo comparar dois métodos alternativos de resfriamento pós-exercício em eqüinos, consistentes no uso de água a temperatura ambiente e de gelo nas extremidades, com o método de hiperresfriamento, usado habitualmente nos cavalos de esporte. A necessidade de métodos de resfriamento mais efetivos se baseia no grande quantidade de cavalos eliminados em provas de resistência no país, relacionada à temperaturas ambiente e umidade relativa elevadas. Para comparações foram usados nove cavalos de lida, três machos castrados e seis fêmeas, mestiços, de 8±2,5 anos e peso médio de 462±33 kg, em dois experimentos, um no mês de maio e outro em julho, de 4 dias de duração cada um, com delineamento em cross-over. Os cavalos foram exercitados com protocolo pré-estabelecido em picadeiro durante 30 minutos, e os tratamentos foram aplicados em Câmara Bioclimática. As variáveis estudadas foram: freqüência cardíaca (FC), freqüência respiratória, temperatura retal (TR), taxa de sudação (SUD), temperatura superficial do pescoço (TSP), temperatura superficial do tórax (TST), temperatura superficial da garupa (TSG), temperatura auricular (TAu) e temperatura da base da cauda (TBC). Foram mensurados valores basais pré-exercício, imediatamente pós-exercício sem tratamento, 5, 10, 15 e 20 minutos após o exercício com tratamento, e 5 e 10 minutos pós-tratamento. Os dados foram analisados por regressão linear, e as médias comparadas tempo a tempo pelo teste T de Student. Houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre tratamentos nas variáveis TSP, TST, TSG nos dois experimentos, e na TAu no experimento de maio, mas esta diferença foi somente durante o resfriamento, no final do teste ao minuto 30, 10 minutos após serem interrompidos os tratamentos, não houve diferença em nenhuma variável em nenhum dos dois experimentos. Os dois métodos de resfriamento alternativos aqui propostos não apresentaram diferença alguma com o hiper-resfriamento no minuto 30 do teste. / This study was aimed to compare two alternative cooling methods in horses with hyper cooling method, used usually spot horses. Alternatives method consists in tepid water bath of the entire body, and the use of ice in the limbs. The need of alternatives methods of cooling post exercising horses is based in the huge amount of competitors eliminated from endurance rides in Brazil, related to high humidity and hot environments. Nine Standarbred horses were used, three gelding and six mares, aging 8±2,5 years and weighing 462±33 kg, in two experimental sets, performed in May and in July, during four days each, in a cross over experimental design. Horses were exercised in a planned schedule for 30 minutes, after this were placed in a climatic chamber, were treatments were applied. Heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, sweating, neck skin temperature, thorax skin temperature, croup skin temperature, auricular temperature and tail skin temperature were measured for comparison. Time used in measurements were pre-exercise, immediately post exercise without cooling, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes post exercise with cooling, and 5-10 minutes post cooling. Data was processed using linear regression test, and means at each time were compared using T test. Significant difference (p<0,05) was detected in neck skin temperature, thorax skin temperature and croup skin temperature in both experimental sets, and in auricular temperature in May set, although this difference appeared only during cooling treatments. At the end of the test, in minute 30, no difference among treatments were detected in any measurement at any experimental set. Both alternative cooling methods here proposed made no difference in post exercise body cooling terms, when compared with hyper-cooling method, at minute 30 of the test.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo comparar dois métodos alternativos de resfriamento pós-exercício em eqüinos, consistentes no uso de água a temperatura ambiente e de gelo nas extremidades, com o método de hiperresfriamento, usado habitualmente nos cavalos de esporte. A necessidade de métodos de resfriamento mais efetivos se baseia no grande quantidade de cavalos eliminados em provas de resistência no país, relacionada à temperaturas ambiente e umidade relativa elevadas. Para comparações foram usados nove cavalos de lida, três machos castrados e seis fêmeas, mestiços, de 8±2,5 anos e peso médio de 462±33 kg, em dois experimentos, um no mês de maio e outro em julho, de 4 dias de duração cada um, com delineamento em cross-over. Os cavalos foram exercitados com protocolo pré-estabelecido em picadeiro durante 30 minutos, e os tratamentos foram aplicados em Câmara Bioclimática. As variáveis estudadas foram: freqüência cardíaca (FC), freqüência respiratória, temperatura retal (TR), taxa de sudação (SUD), temperatura superficial do pescoço (TSP), temperatura superficial do tórax (TST), temperatura superficial da garupa (TSG), temperatura auricular (TAu) e temperatura da base da cauda (TBC). Foram mensurados valores basais pré-exercício, imediatamente pós-exercício sem tratamento, 5, 10, 15 e 20 minutos após o exercício com tratamento, e 5 e 10 minutos pós-tratamento. Os dados foram analisados por regressão linear, e as médias comparadas tempo a tempo pelo teste T de Student. Houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre tratamentos nas variáveis TSP, TST, TSG nos dois experimentos, e na TAu no experimento de maio, mas esta diferença foi somente durante o resfriamento, no final do teste ao minuto 30, 10 minutos após serem interrompidos os tratamentos, não houve diferença em nenhuma variável em nenhum dos dois experimentos. Os dois métodos de resfriamento alternativos aqui propostos não apresentaram diferença alguma com o hiper-resfriamento no minuto 30 do teste. / This study was aimed to compare two alternative cooling methods in horses with hyper cooling method, used usually spot horses. Alternatives method consists in tepid water bath of the entire body, and the use of ice in the limbs. The need of alternatives methods of cooling post exercising horses is based in the huge amount of competitors eliminated from endurance rides in Brazil, related to high humidity and hot environments. Nine Standarbred horses were used, three gelding and six mares, aging 8±2,5 years and weighing 462±33 kg, in two experimental sets, performed in May and in July, during four days each, in a cross over experimental design. Horses were exercised in a planned schedule for 30 minutes, after this were placed in a climatic chamber, were treatments were applied. Heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, sweating, neck skin temperature, thorax skin temperature, croup skin temperature, auricular temperature and tail skin temperature were measured for comparison. Time used in measurements were pre-exercise, immediately post exercise without cooling, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes post exercise with cooling, and 5-10 minutes post cooling. Data was processed using linear regression test, and means at each time were compared using T test. Significant difference (p<0,05) was detected in neck skin temperature, thorax skin temperature and croup skin temperature in both experimental sets, and in auricular temperature in May set, although this difference appeared only during cooling treatments. At the end of the test, in minute 30, no difference among treatments were detected in any measurement at any experimental set. Both alternative cooling methods here proposed made no difference in post exercise body cooling terms, when compared with hyper-cooling method, at minute 30 of the test.

Background: Recent research has demonstrated the presence of heat being an effective stimulus for increasing skeletal muscle and strength. The exposure of increased environmental temperature combined with resistance training has been shown to amplify muscle adaptation for hypertrophy and strength. However, research into the potential effects of using heat stress combined with resistance training to increase performance criteria, such as speed and agility, are minimal. Utilizing a hot environment coupled with an intense exercise regime has been considered as a potential aid for sport preparation given the evidence that heat stress has on promoting hypertrophy and strength. The desired result is to enhance athletic performance. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine if (a) performing resistance training in a hot environment for 10 weeks induces greater increases in muscle mass and (b) whether this combination improves performance in speed, agility and strength compared to resistance training in a standard temperate environment. Methods: 17 healthy male adults, who have undergone a consistent regime of resistance training in the six months leading up to the study, were distributed at random into two groups; (1) Intervention group (Heat n=8) training in 40°C and (2) control group (Con, n=9) training in 23°C. Each group would follow a 10-week resistance exercise protocol. To monitor time-course adaptations, lean body mass, speed, agility and strength were measured at baseline, week 5 and week 10. Results: Over the selected training period, there was no statistically significant difference observed between the two groups or time x group interaction, over the 10-week exercise duration with respect to lean body mass, speed, agility or strength. Conclusion: Compared to the resistance training regime in the standard temperature condition of 23°C (group two), training results suggest heat stress in the hot environment at 40°C (group one) had no effective stimulus in amplifying hypertrophic adaptations in skeletal muscle nor in increasing performance in speed, agility or strength. Certain hypothetical factors were implicated for heat stress being ineffective such as potential counter-productive aspects from heat exposure or flawed methodology. / Heat Effects on Adaptations to Resistance Training, Victoria University