ABSTRACT <bold>A Comparison of Temperatures Inside Protective Headgear With Indicators of Physiological Strain and Core Temperatures During Exercise in a Hot Environment</bold> KELLY R. JAMES, AMY N. ADAMS, KELLI M. CRISP, BRIAN B. FRANKLIN, HEATHER J. HEEFNER, ANDREAS KREUTZER, DIEGO X. MONTALVO, MARCEL G. TURNER, MELODY D. PHILLIPS and JOEL B. MITCHELL Exercise Physiology Laboratory; Kinesiology Dept.; Texas Christian University; Fort Worth, TX <bold>Introduction:</bold> Non-invasive temperature monitoring with a sensor mounted inside protective headgear such as a football or military helmet or a construction hardhat may be an effective method of detecting temperatures that are indicative of increased risk of heat illness. Hothead Technologies has developed a system for providing temperature information to medical personnel responsible for the health of the individual. <bold>Purpose:</bold> The purposes of this study were to establish the relationship between in-hardhat temperature (Tih) readings, markers of physiological strain and perceptual responses, and to determine the differences between the in-helmet temperature readings and core temperature (Tc) as measured by rectal (Tre) and esophageal (Tes) probes. <bold>Methods:</bold> Thirty males (age, 24.57 ± 4.32 years; height 180.51 ±7.06 cm; body mass, 81.06 ±9.35 kg; percent body fat, 13.76 ±5.11; VO2max, 46.84 ± 7.10 mL/Kg/min) completed two experimental trials separated by a minimum of one week: a continuous submaximal exercise (CSE) condition and a series of high intensity 30-second sprints (HIE) with a one-minute rest period between each sprint. Exercise in both conditions was carried out in a 36<super>o</super> C environment with a relative humidity of 40% while wearing a standard construction hardhat with a sensor mounted in the forehead area of the head strap, and continued until one of the following two criteria was met: the subject voluntarily terminated the session, or the subject's Tc reached 39.5<super>o</super>C. Temperatures, heart rate, cardiorespiratory, and perceptual responses were monitored throughout, and balance error scoring system (BESS) and mental function tests were conducted before and after exercise. A physiological strain index (PSI) was calculated from Tc and HR. <bold>Results:</bold> <TABLE> <TR ALIGN="CENTER"> <TD> Condition </TD> <TD> Post Tih </TD> <TD> Post Tre </TD> <TD> Post Tes </TD> <TD> BESS Firm Pre </TD> <TD> BESS Firm Post </TD> <TD> BESS Foam Pre </TD> <TD> BESS Foam Post </TD> <TD> PSI Tre </TD> <TD> PSI Tes </TD> </TR> <TR ALIGN="CENTER"> <TD> CSE </TD> <TD> 38.77 ± 0.41</TD> <TD> 38.90 ± 0.49</TD> <TD> 39.29 ± 0.58 </TD> <TD> 2.73 ± 2.41</TD> <TD> 7.17 ± 3.81</TD> <TD> 11.33 ± 4.38</TD> <TD> 15.50 ± 4.78</TD> <TD> 9.18 ± 1.11</TD> <TD> 10.04 ± 1.05</TD> </TR> <TR ALIGN="CENTER"> <TD> CV </TD> <TD> 1.07% </TD> <TD> 1.25% </TD> <TD> 1.48% </TD> <TD> </TD> <TD> </TD> <TD> </TD> <TD> </TD> <TD> </TD> <TD> </TD> </TR> <TR ALIGN="CENTER"> <TD> HIE </TD> <TD> 38.76 ± 0.37 </TD> <TD> 38.91 ± 0.47 </TD> <TD> 39.19 ± 0.57 </TD> <TD> 3.67 ± 2.59 </TD> <TD> 7.37 ± 4.10 </TD> <TD> 10.80 ± 3.46 </TD> <TD> 15.53 ± 5.55 </TD> <TD> 9.29 ± 0.99 </TD> <TD> 9.86 ± 1.02 </TD> </TR> <TR ALIGN="CENTER"> <TD> CV </TD> <TD> 0.96% </TD> <TD> 1.21% </TD> <TD> 1.45%</TD> <TD> </TD> <TD> </TD> <TD> </TD> <TD> </TD> <TD> </TD> <TD> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <bold>Table 1a. Temperature Responses (<super>o</super> C), BESS results and PSI (mean + SD)</bold> <bold>Conclusion:</bold> The general agreement between the Tih and other temperature measures along with the consistency as indicated by the low coefficient of variation in the recordings of the Tih sensors at the point of termination suggest that this device may have application as a warning system for impending heat-related problems.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a single bout of resistance exercise on measures of postprandial lipemia and glucose metabolism in lean and obese young women. Based on the results, a single bout of RE does appear to have potential in favorably affecting certain postprandial blood variables indicative of atherosclerosis, CVD, diabetes and related comorbidities. Future research might consider continued examination of RE and PPL following a HFM but alter the total volume load and or intensity of the exercise bout to perhaps elicit the desired response. The lipemic response of the obese young women in this study suggests that impairments in lipid profile may already be in effect; thus, further research must be done with this group (young women) to achieve more conclusive answers regarding possible causes and appropriate interventions. Another consideration may be to sample different time points. Although, the time points used in this study were based on available literature, perhaps sampling earlier in the post-exercise period may reveal additional insight regarding RE and the possible influence on lipemic response.

THE EFFECTS OF A SINGLE BOUT OF RESISTANCE EXERCISE ON MEASURES OF POSTPRANDIAL LIPEMIA, INFLAMMATION, AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION FOLLOWING A HIGH FAT MEAL IN LEAN AND OBESE YOUNG WOMEN Hayley Garner, M.S., 2011 Department of Kinesiology Exercise Physiology Laboratory Texas Christian University Thesis Advisor: Joel Mitchell, Ph.D. The present study determined the effects of an acute bout of resistance exercise on postprandial concentrations of TGs, inflammatory markers and on endothelial function in young, lean and obese women. Nine sedentary lean (20.22 + 1.20 years) and 10 sedentary obese (22.60 + 3.47 years) women participated in two experimental trials, a resistance exercise trial (EXS) and a resting control trial (CON). The following day they consumed a high-fat test meal after a 12-hour fast, followed by a 6-hour testing period. The lean group had a lower overall triglyceride response to the meal compared to the obese group (p=0.028) and all groups observed a postprandial triglyceride elevation. Both groups experienced an increase in artery dilation after the resistance exercise compared to the control trial (p=0.034). Only the obese group observed a significantly blunted IL-6 response due to the resistance exercise (p=0.019). The lean group had a significantly lower concentration of CRP compared the obese group across all time points (p=0.014). Furthermore, both the lean and obese groups in both conditions observed leukocytosis after the high-fat meal and throughout the test period (p=0.000). However, this elevation was blunted in the exercise trials in both groups. The results of this study suggest that even acute bouts of exercise can produce beneficial effects on inflammation in both lean and obese women. It also suggest that the negative effects of cardiovascular disease risk factors including postprandial hyperlipemia, increased postprandial inflammation and decreased postprandial endothelial function are seen in apparently healthy young women solely due to their obesity.

The purposes of the study were to; 1) examine how the upper limb segments make adjustments for throwing in order to compensate for a constrained distal and proximal segment; and 2) determine if trunk rotation or hand lag is the initial change toward a mature pattern of throw. Twenty one right hand dominant college age students (age 18-25) participated in this study. Participants were placed in three conditions. Condition 1 required participants to throw with their non dominant arm at their maximum throwing velocity without any constrainment. Participants performed 2 throwing sessions per week for a total of six sessions with 10 throwing trials per session. Condition 2 was identical to Condition 1 except that the hand was constrained during throwing trials. Condition 3 was identical to Condition 1 except that the trunk was constrained during throwing trials. A retention session with no constraints followed the six practice sessions. A WATSMART motion analysis system was used to collect data using infrared emitting diodes (IREDS) placed at five anatomical locations. Two separate two way MANOVAs (condition x session) were performed on dependant measures of Segmental lag, and peak velocity differences (hand - forearm, forearm - humerus, humerus - trunk). Follow up One way Univariate ANOVA served to identify the variables responsible for significant MANOVA. Results indicated that constrainment of distal and proximal ends of an open kinetic chain results in compensatory activity in free moving limb segments. When the trunk was constrained negative hand lag was maintained during practice sessions. When the hand was constrained humeral lag was consistently negative throughout all sessions. Results support the interactive nature of limb segments. It was concluded that development of throwing pattern follows a distal to proximal sequence.

This study examined the micro and macrostructures of oral fictional narratives produced by children with Down syndrome and examined the relation between oral fictional narrative skills and literacy skills within this population. Microstructure analysis revealed findings consistent with previous research regarding MLU-M and NDW. Further analysis of sentence complexity using the Narrative Assessment Protocol revealed a reliance on prepositional phrases and narratives that contained more nouns than verbs. Macrostructure analysis revealed the inclusion of concrete story grammar elements but lacked abstract concepts such as mental state references. Macrostructure was the only variable that came close to predicting reading comprehension, suggesting that metalinguistic awareness may be a better predictor of reading comprehension than microstructure analysis among children with Down syndrome. We conclude that strong correlations were found between literacy skills (word level reading and vocabulary) and narrative microstructure and macrostructure.

This dissertation offers a revised historical account of how scientific experts associated with the United Nations Education Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in the post-WWII era sought to overcome the legacy of scientific racism. Situating UNESCO’s anti-racism initiatives within the geographic context of the South and North Atlantic and the intellectual context of Latin American, Francophone, and Anglo-American social science this study shows that mid-century discussions of ‘race’ were intertwined with the multiple narratives of modernization and societal change that emerged in tandem with decolonization and the Cold War. Thus, one of this dissertation’s key arguments is that anti-racist projects in the post-war era were often cast as projects of redemption that involved coming to terms with the painful and destructive legacy of scientific racism and the anticipation of an improved and harmonious future where ‘race’ did not figure as a source of conflict and tension. However, because mid-century anti-racist scientists hailed from a variety of cultural, linguistic, and racial backgrounds the question of redemption took on different meanings and involved different stakes. This study examines social science experts’ anti-racist narratives of redemption in the context of four different UNESCO initiatives from the 1950s: 1) in projects of ‘cultural change’ (which were predicated on the anti-racist notion of the inherent educability of all peoples) 2) in UNESCO’s study of race relations in various locations in Brazil 3) in the elaboration of anti-racist approaches to ethnographic observation, and 4) in UNESCO attempts to produce anti-racist handbooks for teachers. These projects reveal how anti-racist experts from the 1950s were very much haunted by ‘race’ and concerned with neutralizing and dampening the affective and political impact of racial conceptions in the geopolitics of post-war era. Thus, this dissertation argues that rather than indicating a definitive retreat from ‘race’ UNESCO’s anti-racism initiatives in the 1950s speak to the persistence and plasticity of ‘race’ and of the fraught attempts to escape its legacy.

Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / On title page: Master of Philosophy (Information and Knowledge Management). Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-08-16T13:42:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lauzane Puccia Manzine.pdf: 1165151 bytes, checksum: 2dd191bfe5cbb7a6c87f4c8dd9284458 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-16T13:42:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lauzane Puccia Manzine.pdf: 1165151 bytes, checksum: 2dd191bfe5cbb7a6c87f4c8dd9284458 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-28 / This study proposes to provide a path through education in order to repair an historical mistake of the Brazilian society and the world. This mistake was formed in the midst of social, racial, sexual and religious prejudices and it still occurs to the present day. The Federal Constitution of 1988 was comprehensive as the binary classification of society which it resulted in a progress for the Human Rights. The United Nations - UN, recently outlined a plan of goals to improve the quality of education called Sustainable Developed Goals - SDGs, which will form the basis for the proposed project that arose, among other reasons, in order to ensure the legacy left by the previous target plan called Millennium Development Goals - MDGs. The purpose of this study is to offer a new school program as a tool to construct the new human being through mandatory lecture of humanities. This new lecture will help to re-educate and replace the social prejudices acquired over the centuries such as humanistic prejudices like, respect, solidarity, equality, fraternity, among others. Furthermore it will help to prepare the new citizens for more participation in social life. Students, especially from high school, were chosen in this study to receive the apprentice of the new lecture of humanities, as it represents the formation of young human being who will be responsible for the decisions in today's world that no longer tolerates: discrimination and inequalities / O presente trabalho tem por proposta oferecer um caminho através da educação, para reparar um erro histórico da sociedade brasileira e do mundo, que se formou em meio a preconceitos sociais, raciais, sexuais, religiosos etc., e se perpetua até os dias atuais. A Constituição Federal de 1988 foi libertadora quanto às classificações binárias da sociedade e representa um avanço nos tratos dos Direitos Humanos. A Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) traçou, recentemente, um programa de metas de melhorias na qualidade da educação, chamado de Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS), e que surgiu, dentre outros motivos, com o propósito de prosseguir o legado deixado pelo programa de metas, anteriormente denominado Objetivos do Desenvolvimento do Milênio (ODM). A proposta deste estudo tem como escopo oferecer o ensino escolar como veículo escolhido para a construção do novo homem, por meio da disciplina curricular obrigatória de humanidades, reeducando-o no sentido de substituir os preconceitos sociais adquiridos ao longo dos séculos, por preconceitos humanísticos como, respeito, solidariedade, igualdade, fraternidade, dentre outros, preparando um novo cidadão para a participação da vida em sociedade. Os estudantes, em especial do ensino médio, foram escolhidos neste trabalho para receberem a escolarização da nova disciplina de humanidades proposta, por representarem a formação do novo homem que será responsável pelas decisões do mundo atual que não mais tolera: discriminação e desigualdades

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-09-26T13:22:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberta Sendacz.pdf: 559867 bytes, checksum: 08f0ca3bb0e6628457d3a27377f9d563 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T13:22:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberta Sendacz.pdf: 559867 bytes, checksum: 08f0ca3bb0e6628457d3a27377f9d563 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-20 / This paper contemplates the study of the “finitude” notion in Michel Foucault, especially in The Order of Things (1966), based on the “analytic of finitude” idea. Modernity is the proper territory for the idea of finitude to be explained in the philosopher’s thought. The modern episteme, a priori record of the human sciences, is its soil / O presente trabalho contempla o estudo das noções de “finitude” em Michel Foucault, notadamente em As palavras e as coisas (1966), a partir da noção de “analítica da finitude”. A modernidade é o território próprio para que a idéia de finitude seja explicitada no pensamento do filósofo. A episteme moderna a priori histórico das ciências humanas, é o seu solo

Tendo em vista uma contribuição para a discussão epistemológica sobre as ciências humanas e para o problema da objetividade do conhecimento científico que orientava os primeiros modelos filosóficos dirigidos à sustentação das Geistwissenschaften, esta dissertação procura reconstruir um modelo filosófico que teve papel ativo no debate, mas que ainda é pouco explorado em seu caráter epistemológico: o pensamento de Georg Simmel. Simmel fez parte de um grupo de filósofos alemães críticos ao nascimento naturalista das ciências humanas. Para eles, enquanto as naturais procuram explicar (erklären) a realidade por experimentação e análise causal, as ciências do espírito procuram compreender (verstehen) o fenômeno social através da interpretação das motivações dos indivíduos. Sua estratégia de penetração no fenômeno social recebeu o nome de Verstehen, ou compreensão. Devido à penetração no fenômeno social e aos diferentes pontos de vista abarcados, uma das críticas centrais enfrentada pelo grupo foi o perspectivismo, levantado como problema pelos positivistas. Simmel explorou o conceito de Verstehen partindo de uma crítica à visão mecanicista, circunscrita pelo realismo histórico e influenciada pelos pressupostos naturalistas e positivistas. Ademais, sua Verstehen sofreu modificações conceituais, as quais podem ser comparadas ao dividir o conjunto da obra simmeliana em dois grandes momentos epistêmicos: Idealista e Vitalista. Dada esta divisão, e tendo em mente o problema da objetividade e perspectivismo, a presente investigação é delineada a partir de três hipóteses iniciais. A primeira é, justamente, a existência de diferentes quadros conceituais em Simmel, os quais demonstram uma progressão intelectual madura e cada vez mais preocupada em explicar a natureza da Verstehen e como ela funciona. Esta hipótese contribui tanto para a discussão epistemológica das ciências, como para o melhor uso do autor, seja de seus escritos filosóficos ou sociológicos. A segunda hipótese refere-se especificamente ao conceito de Verstehen, admitindo-se a existência de duas noções de Verstehen, cada qual ligada a um dos períodos. Na fase Idealista, Simmel parece ter uma preocupação mais metodológica concernente à Verstehen. Na fase Vitalista, a Verstehen simmeliana surge como a relação fundamental entre indivíduos, ou seja, algo além de um conceito metodológico. De modo geral, a noção de compreensão perde o vínculo direto com a representação projetada e passa a vincular-se diretamente à noção de vida, como uma relação fundamental entre seres humanos. A terceira hipótese, por fim, vincula-se ao período Vitalista e tem como premissa um perspectivismo necessário para o conhecimento científico. Com o desenvolvimento intelectual da obra simmeliana, o perspectivismo deixa de ser um problema e passa a ser uma condição da investigação humana, uma condição que deve ser aceita com vistas a maior conhecimento científico da realidade social. Por fim, registram-se encaminhamentos para futuras investigações. / In order to contribute to the epistemological discussion about the human sciences and to the problem of the objectivity of scientific knowledge that guided the first philosophical models aimed at sustaining the Geistwissenschaften, this dissertation seeks to reconstruct a philosophical model that played an active part in the debate, but rather it is still little explored in its epistemological character: the thought of Georg Simmel. Simmel was part of a group of German philosophers critical of the naturalistic birth of the humanities. For them, while the natural sciences seek to explain (erklären) reality by experimentation and causal analysis, the human sciences seek to understand (verstehen) the social phenomenon through the interpretation of the inner motivations of individuals. Their strategy of penetrating into the social phenomenon was called Verstehen. Due to the penetration of the social phenomenon and the different points of view, one of the central criticisms faced by the group was the perspectivism, raised as a problem by the positivists. Simmel explored the concept of Verstehen from a critique of the mechanistic view, circumscribed by historical realism and influenced by naturalist and positivist assumptions. In addition, his Verstehen underwent conceptual modifications, which can be compared by dividing the whole of the Simmelian work into two great epistemic moments: Idealist and Vitalist. Given this division, and bearing in mind the problem of objectivity and perspectivism, the present investigation is delineated from three initial hypotheses. The first is precisely the existence of different conceptual frameworks in Simmel, which demonstrate a mature and increasingly preoccupied intellectual progression in explaining the nature of Verstehen and how it functions. This hypothesis contributes as much to the epistemological discussion of the sciences, as to the best use of the author, or of his philosophical or sociological writings. The second hypothesis refers specifically to the concept of Verstehen, admitting the existence of two notions of Verstehen, each connected to one of the periods. In the Idealist phase, Simmel seems to have a more methodological concern about Verstehen. In the Vitalist phase, the Simmelian Verstehen emerges as the fundamental relationship between individuals, that is, something beyond a methodological concept. In general, the notion of Verstehen loses the direct link with projected representation, and becomes directly linked to the notion of life as a fundamental relation between human beings. Finally, the third hypothesis is linked to the Vitalist period and is premised on the perspectivism as necessary for scientific knowledge. With the intellectual development of the Simmelian work, perspectivism ceases to be a problem and becomes a condition of human inquiry, a condition that should be accepted resulting in greater scientific knowledge of social reality. Finally, there are guidelines for future investigations.