Two methods of crop improvement are open to the plant breeder. Pure-line selection, which might be mentioned first, deals with the natural variability in plant populations. Thru selection, isolation, and comparative yield tests superior individuals are located. Nothing, however, can be added which the plant does not already have. Here hybridization provides a new starting point. Increased variation, new combination of characters, and thus greater opportunities are provided for improvement. The present investigation has for its purpose a study of the latter phase of this subject. In certain parts of Utah the straw from dry-land wheat is used for feeding of cattle and horses. Turkey, the chief variety grown, is bearded in character. Some stockmen claim that the beards are not a disadvantage in feeding, but the majority of feeders favor straw free from this disagreeable feature. Heading and threshing outfits also make considerable complaint when handling Turkey. In fact, certain outfits have experienced difficulty in keeping men on Turkey jobs if any other work could be obtained. Yet, in spite of this fact, Turkey continues to be the predominating variety because of better quality which is reflected in the prices, and in addition higher-yielding power. So in contemplation of this situation it was deemed advisable to attempt crossing Turkey and others of the Crimean group with other winter wheats somewhat lower in quality and yielding power, yet having the desirable character of beardlessness. The bearded wheats, Turkey, Armavir, Beloglina, and Kharkov, were selected for the qualities of high yield, good milling, and drought resistance. Kofod and Gold Coin were chosen for the character of beardlessness. The aim in making the crosses was to determine the possibility of combining the desirable characters of these wheat types in single individual plants. While detailed genetic data were taken of the F1 and F2 plants, this work was only incidental to the main reason given for the crossing, except as it was of value in predicting and interpreting results.

No description available.

The correlation function is the critical ingredient for Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) sum-rule methods that are used to predict hadronic properties. Thus, in order to perform a sum-rule analysis of hybrids, we need to compute a correlation function involving an operator that probes hybrid states composed to quark-antiquark pair with a gluonic excitation. Using particular combinations of quark and gluon fields and Dirac matrices, we construct currents that probe hybrid states with various J^{PC} quantum numbers. We compute the correlation function to order g_s^3 in QCD, obtaining both perturbative and condensate contributions. The focus here is on light quarkonium and strangeonium hybrids, which involve quark masses small compared to the external momentum scale (m_q^2 << Q^2). While for light quarkonium the calculations are performed in the massless limit, for strangeonium we include a strange quark mass correction to the perturbative result. While the details of the calculations outlined throughout this thesis are outlined for J^{PC} = 0^{+-} and 1^{--} due to interest in the exotic quantum numbers 0^{+-}, ultimately the correlation function is computed for all J^{PC} values with J=0,1. Comparison with existing results for a subset of these J^{PC} quantum numbers provides a validation of our calculations.

The objective of the first part of this study was to observe and describe the profile of test-day somatic cell counts throughout a lactation in individual cows, and to examine the correspondence between such profiles and various lactation measures of cell count presently available. The objective of the second part of the study was to obtain estimates of the genetic and phenotypic parameters of lactation measures of cell count in different lactations, possibly for use in a breeding program. / In the first part of the study, the lactation cell count profiles of eighteen Holstein heifers of the Macdonald College Herd were individually examined. Weekly cell counts were expressed as deviations from the herd test-day average and plotted against week of test. A labile cell activity was found for most of the plotted lactations. The cellular responsiveness of cows facing external challenges seemed a trait peculiar to each individual. Lactation measures of cell count were unable to give good descriptions of cell count profiles of individual cows. However, they were better expressions of the lactation cell count performance than single test-day observations. / In the second part of the study, monthly cell count observations were obtained between February, 1977, and February, 1982, for the Holstein cows in herds enrolled on the official option of the Quebec Dairy Herd Analysis Service. Maximum likelihood, I-MINQUE (iterative Minimum Norm Quadratic Unbiased Estimation), and multivariate REML (Restricted Maximum Likelihood) procedures were used for the estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters. / Repeatabilities of log test-day cell counts and log of test-day cell counts corrected for milk yield varied between 0.36 and 0.42 in first, second, third, fourth, and fifth and later lactations. Repeatabilities of test-day cell counts (cells/ml) in the five lactation groups varied between 0.17 and 0.25. Repeatabilities of lactation expressions for cell count between lactations ranged from 0.13 to 0.44. / Heritabilities of lactation expressions of cell count were low and varied from 0.06 to 0.14 in the five lactation groups examined; however, the genetic correlations between lactations were very close to unity, 0.90 to 0.97.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Fashion is a social construct and its very essence is to express identity and status. Depending on context we dress differently and we are constantly adapting in order to meet social expectations of dress. This work explores the relationship between archetypical garments and status. The main objective of this exploration is to challenge hierarchies in fashion by clashing different stereotypes by the means of construction. This implies to question social structures currently present in fashion. Due to these structures, we conform to stereotypical ideas of how to dress, which restricts us. What could be defined as missing within fashion today is the clash between garments on opposite sides of the hierarchy in fashion. While meetings within the same garment group has been explored before by numerous designers, combining archetypes from opposite sides of the hierarchy is yet relatively unexplored. If one was to transcend the boundaries and jump freely between garment groups, there is a possibility to select fragments from different categories in a garment to work with. This could then create more free ways of expressing oneself through dress. What is presented in this work is an approach aiming to challenge hierarchies in fashion. The examples can be read as archetypical and stereotypical hybrids with the intention to question how we dress in certain contexts. Resulting in new meetings of materials and expressions relating to dress codes.

According to the material feminist corpus, namely Stacy Alaimo’s concept of trans-corporeality, material flows and interconnectivity between humans and their environment insists that the human body has never been atomistic, but rather a porous figure that continually interacts/intra-acts with its environment. The recent biotechnological boom allowing for the production of human-animal hybrids (chimeras) provides the kind of visualization of these interconnectivities that can help instigate a reconception of the human—as not human at all, but rather posthuman. This study looks at the presence of these human-animal hybrids in popular art media, specifically: the horror film, Splice (Dir. Natali 2009); the YA novel, Inhuman (Falls 2013); and the comic, Sweet Tooth (Lemire 2009-2013). This thesis argues that the human-animal hybrid figure exhibits utopian horror, or the use of horror to produce new, better, ways of conceptualizing human-animal relationships, ones that acknowledge our already posthuman plurality of self.

FROTA, Diego Araujo. Estudo de um sistema supercondutor-ferromagneto: efeitos da aplicação de campo magnético e corrente elétrica. 2016. 72 f. Tese (Doutorado em Física) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2016. / Submitted by Edvander Pires (edvanderpires@gmail.com) on 2016-04-14T18:02:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_dafrota.pdf: 22222249 bytes, checksum: 3c4b2e4990667c1280e4839ee1d811ac (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Edvander Pires (edvanderpires@gmail.com) on 2016-04-14T18:03:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_dafrota.pdf: 22222249 bytes, checksum: 3c4b2e4990667c1280e4839ee1d811ac (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-14T18:03:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_dafrota.pdf: 22222249 bytes, checksum: 3c4b2e4990667c1280e4839ee1d811ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Using advanced Ginzburg-Landau simulations, we study the superconducting state of a thin super- conducting film under a ferromagnetic layer, separated by an insulating oxide, in applied external magnetic field and electric current. The taken uniaxial ferromagnet is organized into a series of parallel domains with alternating polarization of out-of-plane magnetization, sufficiently strong to induce vortex-antivortex pairs in the underlying superconductor in absence of other magnetic field. We show the organization of such vortex-antivortex matter into rich configurations, some of which are not matching the periodicity of the ferromagnetic film. The variety of possible configurations is enhanced by applied homogeneous magnetic field, where additional vortices in the superconductor may lower the energy of the system by either annihilating the present antivortices under negative ferromagnetic domains, or by lowering their own energy after positioning under positive ferromag- netic domains. As a consequence, both the vortex-antivortex reordering in increasing external field and the evolution of the energy of the system are highly nontrivial. Finally, we reveal the very inter- esting effects of applied dc electric current on the vortex-antivortex configurations, since resulting Lorentzian force has opposite direction for vortices and antivortices, while direction of the applied current with respect to ferromagnetic domains is of crucial importance for the interaction of the applied and the Meissner current, as well as the consequent vortex-antivortex dynamics - both of which are reflected in the anisotropic critical current of the system. / A partir da solução numérica das equações de Ginzburg-Landau, estudamos o estado supercondutor de um filme fino supercondutor sob uma camada ferromagnética, separados por um óxido isolante, na presença de campo magnético ou corrente elétrica aplicados. O ferromagneto considerado é organizado em uma série de domínios paralelos com magnetização oposta, perpendicular ao plano do ferromagneto, e suficientemente forte para induzir pares vórtice-antivórtice no supercondutor subjacente, quando na ausência de campo magnético aplicado. Pares vórtice-antivórtice se auto-organizam em um rico conjunto de configurações, algumas das quais não apresentam correspondência com a periodicidade do filme ferromagnético. A variedade das possíveis configurações é aumentada pela aplicação de campo magnético externo, caso em que vórtices adicionais podem diminuir a energia do sistema pela aniquilação dos antivórtices, que estão sob os domínios negativos do ferromagneto, ou diminuindo sua própria energia após se posicionarem sob domínios positivos do ferromagneto. Como consequência, o reodernamento de vórtices-antivórtices bem como a evolução da energia do sistema são não-triviais em função do aumento da intensidade do campo magnético externo. Por fim, revelamos efeitos curiosos da corrente elétrica dc aplicada sobre as configurações de pares vórtice- antivórtice, uma vez que a força de Lorentz resultante tem direção oposta para vórtices e antivórtices, enquanto que a direção da corrente aplicada em relação aos domínios ferromagnéticos é de importância crucial para a interação das correntes e Meissner e aplicada, bem como a dinâmica de vórtice-antivórtice resultante - ambas as quais estão refletidas na anisotropia da corrente crítica do sistema.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-10-03Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:03:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 vargas_pf_dr_jabo.pdf: 729214 bytes, checksum: a74e7698ae021eb3ef482823c94b4684 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Objetivou-se com este trabalho: a) estimar, mediante cruzamento dialélico, a capacidade geral e específica de combinação entre seis linhagens de melão; b) avaliar a ocorrência ou não de efeitos recíprocos; c) avaliar a heterose relativa; d) analisar os coeficientes de correlação fenotípica, genotípica e de ambiente, com a finalidade de determinar o grau de associação entre os caracteres. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, em delinemanento em blocos casualizados, com três repetições, cada qual com 38 parcelas, contendo uma única fileira de cinco plantas, com espaçamento entre si de 0,5 m e 1 m entre linhas. As plantas foram cultivadas em substrato de fibra da casca de coco, sendo a irrigação e adubação realizadas conjuntamente por fertirrigação. Foram avaliados: produção total, massa do fruto, diâmetro médio transversal e longitudinal do fruto, índice de formato de fruto, diâmetro médio transversal e longitudinal da cavidade, índice de formato da cavidade, espessura da polpa, espessura da casca, coloração da polpa, rendilhamento da casca, diâmetro médio da inserção do pedúnculo dos frutos, desprendimento de semente, cor do fundo da casca, período para colheita do primeiro fruto, concentração de colheita, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, RATIO, pH, vitamina C e firmeza da polpa. Realizou-se análise de variância para cada característica e comparação entre as médias pelo teste de Scott Knott ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Com base nos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que os genótipos (híbridos) experimentais Jab 9 x Jab 20, Jab 20 x Jab 11, Jab 20 x Jab 3, Jab 11 x Jab 18, Jab 11 x Jab 20 mostraram os melhores desempenhos em relação aos demais genótipos experimentais e semelhantes aos híbridos comerciais. Em geral, os híbridos experimentais se mostraram superiores aos genitores quanto às características... / The aims of this work were: a) to estimate by diallel cross the specific and general combining abilities among six melon lines; b) to determine the occurrence or not of reciprocal effects; c) to examine for relative heterosis; and d) to estimate the phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlation coefficients, in order to determine the degree of association between the characters. The experiment was conducted in protected cultivation, in randomized complete block design, with three repetitions, each with 38 parcels, containing a single row of five plants, with spacing between them of 0.5 m and 1 m between rows. The plants were grown in a substrate of coconut husk fiber, and irrigation and fertilizing ware carried out along with fertirrigation. The characteristics studied were: total yield, fruit weight, mean transverse and longitudinal diameters of fruit, shape index of fruit, mean transverse and longitudinal diameters of cavity, mean shape index of cavity, flesh thickness, skin thickness, flesh color, skin netting, mean diameter of the stem end, seed detachment, predominat fruit skin color, earliness, harvest concentration, soluble solids content, titratable acidity content, RATIO, pH, vitamin C, fruit firmness. Analysis of variance was performed for each characteristic and comparison of means was carried out by the Scott Knott test at the 5% levei of probability. 8ased on the results obtained, it is concluded that the experimental genotypes (hybrids) Jab 9 x Jab 20, Jab 20 x Jab 11, Jab 20 x Jab 3, Jab 11 x Jab 18, Jab 11 x Jab 20 showed the best performances in relation to other experimental genotypes, which were similar to that of commercial hybrids. In general, the experimental hybrids were found to be superior to the genitors with respect to production and quality characteristics. Non-additive genetic effects controlled production characteristics fruit fresh weight... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:05:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_phf_dr_guara.pdf: 2105093 bytes, checksum: 21492c0b00e90725bc6e355369f70dd7 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Atualmente, a necessidade de desenvolver e comercializar materiais baseados em constituintes de fibras vegetais tem crescido, devido à conscientização com relação a questões relacionadas ao impacto ambiental e ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Grandes quantidades de materiais lignocelulósicos são gerados em todo o mundo a partir de diversas atividades humanas. Pensando no aproveitamento do excedente do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, esse trabalho tem como objetivo a obtenção da celulose branqueada a partir do bagaço do mesmo. Para essa aplicação, os componentes macromoleculares do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar foram separados, aplicando prétratamento químico para retirada da parte hemicelulósica e um tratamento com hidróxido de sódio para separação da lignina e obtenção da polpa bruta de celulose. Essa polpa bruta de celulose foi branqueada com clorito de sódio. Assim, pretendeu-se preparar híbridos utilizando derivados de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar: celulose branqueada (CB) e celulose não branqueada (CNB) com fosfato de nióbio hidratado. Para preparação do híbrido com o NbOPO4.nH2O estudou-se uma nova rota de preparação do fosfato de nióbio hidratado com adição de ácido bórico, o qual reduziu o tempo de síntese; formando-se um complexo com os íons fluoreto presentes no sistema e a esta solução foi adicionada ácido fosfórico, permitindo a geração de um precipitado que se formou após 6 horas de reação. A parti do desenvolvimento desse método preparou-se os híbridos utilizando a CB e CNB em diferentes proporções. Os híbridos foram preparados em diferentes proporções denominados de síntese A (5 g CB/ 5 g NbOPO4.nH2O), síntese B (5 g CB/ 3 g NbOPO4.nH2O) e síntese C (5 g CB/ 1 g NbOPO4.nH2O). A fim de verificar a influência do ácido fosfórico na preparação do híbrido, foram... / Currently, the need to develop and market materials based on constituents of natural fibers has grown due to increased awareness on issues related to environmental and sustainable development. Large quantities of lignocellulosic materials are generated worldwide from human activities. Thinking about the use for surplus bagasse of sugarcane, this work aims at obtaining the bleached pulp from bagasse the same. For this application, the macromolecular components of sugarcane bagasse were separated by applying chemical pretreatment for removal of hemicellulose and part of a treatment with sodium hydroxide to obtain separation of lignin and obtaining of crude cellulose. This pulp were bleached crude cellulose with sodium chlorite. Thus, we intended to prepare using hybrids derived from sugar cane bagasse: bleached cellulose (CB) and unbleached cellulose (CNB) with hydrated niobium phosphate. To prepare the hybrid with NbOPO4.nH2O studied whether a new route for the preparation of hydrated niobium phosphate with addition of boric acid, which reduced the synthesis time, forms a complex with fluoride ions present in the system and this solution added phosphoric acid was added, allowing the generation of a precipitate formed after 6 hours of reaction. From the development hybrids prepared using the CB and CNB in different proportions. The hybrids were prepared in different proportions called; synthesis A (5 g CB /5 g NbOPO4.nH2O), synthesis B (CB 5 g / 3 g NbOPO4.nH2O) and synthesis C (CB 5 g / 1 g NbOPO4.nH2O). In order to verify the influence of phosphoric acid in the preparation of the hybrid, were also prepared hybrid called: synthesis D (5 g CB / 5 g NbOPO4.nH2O) and synthesis E (5 g CB / 3 g NbOPO4.nH2O) and synthesis F (5 g CB / NbOPO4.nH2O 1 g) using twice the amount of phosphoric acid. All materials were characterized... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)