This research aims to study the consumer perception, acceptance and adoption of menstrual underwear as it provides a sustainable option to the current feminine hygiene management solutions widely used in the consumer market in the U.S. In addition to the functional and utilitarian aspect of the underwear, I further delve into studying the social psychological effect the usage of the underwear (i.e., hedonic) has on consumer adoption. A longitudinal, qualitative study employing a three-step approach was conducted. The findings suggest that participants have never heard of menstrual underwear and did not fully understand the phenomenon. Contradicting responses between subject's attitudes and behavior towards the environment were revealed although, menstrual underwear had a positive psychological effect on the participants. Overall, menstrual underwear was most accepted amongst participants in the study.

The portrayal of women in commercials is intertwined with patriarchal structures and power hierarchies found in Western contemporary society, which stem from the Judeo-Christian binary of a ‘clean/messy’ body as introduced by St. Augustine (354 – 430 CE). This portrayal of women and its effect on their self-esteem, as well as consumerism, have considerable implications for the gender dynamics in modern Western societies. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to explore the interdependent relationship between feminine hygiene product commercials, feminist movements and women’s self-esteem.The goal of this thesis is twofold. First, a multimodal discourse analysis of four advertisements from Always and Venus will be performed to uncover to what extent feminine hygiene product commercials are adjusting their portrayal of the female body according to feminist movements. Secondly, four qualitative semi-structured interviews will be conducted to examine how the portrayal of women in these commercials affect women’s self-esteem. This thesis’ research draws from feminist theories, Representation Theory, Consumer Culture Theory (CCT), and the Hierarchy of Effects Theory (HET).The findings of the analysis imply that the companies have made some adjustments in the way they are portraying women in accordance with the feminist movements. However, both the analysis of the commercials and the interviews imply that more improvements are necessary. The thesis comes to the conclusion that feminine hygiene product commercials can affect the self-esteem of women by creating (unrealistic) norms about how a female body should look and function. / <p>B</p>

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar, in vitro, empregando diferentes métodos de análise, a ação de superfície de alguns enxaguatórios bucais experimentais para a prevenção/controle da erosão dental causada por ácido clorídrico incorporando-se diferentes princípios ativos. Um enxaguatório bucal experimental sem aditivos, um enxaguatório para erosão disponível comercialmente, Elmex Erosion® (AmF/NaF/SnCl2) (ELM), e um enxaguatórios acrescidos de 4 diferentes aditivos foram testados quanto a sua capacidade de proteção contra erosão em um modelo de erosão-remineralização, onde as variáveis resposta foram a alteração da micro e da nanodureza e as quantidades de cálcio e fosfato liberadas em solução, determinadas por espectrometria de emissão óptica. Os aditivos utilizados foram: Caseína (CAS 5 g/L), Hexametafosfato de sódio (HMP 0,2 g/L), Tetrafluoreto de titânio (TiF4 3,4g/L) e Fluoreto estanhoso (SnF2 8,7g/L). Espécimes de esmalte bovino foram incluídos em resina acrílica e polidos. Esses foram distribuídos nos grupos (n=8) e ciclados da seguinte forma: (1) Imersão em 20 ml de ácido clorídrico (HCl) a 0,01M pH = 2,4 por 10 s, (2) imersão em 20 ml de saliva artificial por 60 s, (3) imersão em 20 ml de solução teste por 30 s e (4) imersão em 20 ml de saliva artificial por 60 s. Este ciclo foi repetido por 3 vezes por um dia e as soluções utilizadas foram armazenadas para posterior avaliação. Para microdureza, os espécimes tratados com ELM e SnF2 apresentaram os maiores valores de dureza, os quais foram significantemente diferentes de TiF4, que apresentou o menor valor. O ELM, SnF2, CAS e HMP foram semelhantes estatisticamente ao C. Para nanodureza, o TiF4 apresentou menor valor médio de dureza e significantemente diferente do C. O SnF2, ELM, CAS e HMP apresentaram-se estatisticamente semelhantes ao C. Na análise de perda de cálcio da ciclagem final, ELM e HMP resultaram em menor perda de cálcio e estatisticamente diferentes do C. Na primeira imersão, todos os grupos testados, exceto a caseína, mostraram significantemente menor perda que o C e, na segunda, não foi constatada diferença estatística significante. Na análise de perda de fosfato da ciclagem final, ELM e TiF4 apresentaram as menores perdas de íons, sendo significantemente diferente do C. Na primeira e segunda imersões, somente ELM mostrou-se estatisticamente diferente do C. Conclui-se que o ELM, o HMP e o TiF4 protegeram a superfície de esmalte quanto a perda de íons porém os testes de dureza não detectaram essa proteção. / The objective of this study was to compare, in vitro, using different methods of analysis, the effect on surface of an experimental mouthrinse modified with different active ingredients for the prevention / control of dental erosion caused by hydrochloric acid. An experimental mouthrinse without additives, a commercially available mouthwash for erosion Elmex Erosion ® (AmF/NaF/SnCl2) (ELM) and four mouthrinses added 4 different additives were tested for their ability to protect against erosion in a model of erosion-remineralization, where the response variables were the change of micro-and nanohardness and the quantities of released calcium and phosphate in solution, determined by optic emission spectrometry. The additives used were: casein (CAS 5 g/L), sodium hexametaphosphate (HMP 0.2 g/L), titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4 3.4 g/L) and stannous fluoride (SnF2 8.7 g/L). Bovine enamel specimens were embedded in acrylic resin and polished. They were ramdomily distributed in groups (n=8) and submitted to the following cycle: (1) immersion in 20 ml of 0,01M hydrochloric acid (HCl), pH = 2.4 10 s, (2) immersion in 20 ml of saliva artificial for 60 s, (3) immersion in 20 ml of test solution for 30 seconds and (4) immersion in 20 ml of artificial saliva for 60 s. This cycle was repeated three times during the same day and the solutions were stored for later evaluation. For microhardness, the specimens treated with ELM and SnF2 showed the highest values of hardness, being significant different from TiF4 solution, which presented the lowest value. The ELM, SnF2, CAS and HMP were statistically similar to C. For nanohardness, the TiF4 had the lowest value of hardness, being significant different from C. The SnF2, ELM, CAS and HMP were statistically similar to C. In the calcium analysis after the last cycle, ELM and HMP resulted in less calcium loss, which was significantly different from C. After the first immersion, all groups tested, except casein, showed statistically lower calcium loss when compared to group C and there was no difference in statistical analysis of loss of phosphate in the second. In analysis of phosphate loss after the final cycle, ELM TiF4 showed the lowest losses being significant different from C. After the first and the second cycles, only ELM was statistically different from C. It can be concluded that the ELM, HMP and TiF4 protect the enamel surface against ions loss but the hardness tests could not detect this protection.

University of Macau / Faculty of Business Administration / Department of Management and Marketing

The vast majority of chemical products, both in number and volume, are produced by batch processes. Recent studies show that only six percent of the batch processes were satisfactorily replaced by continuous processes. This clearly shows the importance and permanence of such processes. These plants have a basic characteristic of intermittent production of a product with non-stationary operation, including steps of loading, processing, cleaning and drainage, what makes the project complex. Its use is recommended, or for technological reasons or to meet the need for a dynamic and uncertain market, as it is the case of products with high added value and small demand. An important aspect of this type of plant is its flexibility in producing multiple products in a unique plant. The batch operations are economically justified when a large number of products are produced using similar production paths. Due to the difficulty of predicting the peak and the extension of demand, such settings are frequently modified plant and equipment is usually small and versatile and can be used by a large number of products. Power must be flexible enough to adapt to market needs and product life cycle is usually short. Brazil ranks third in world ranking in sales of personal care products, perfumes and cosmetics. The industry in this sector, in the two study reaches, each year, more consumers. The currently complex and competitive global market requires that companies seek to optimize processes, reduce costs and achieve economies of scale. In view of this, we have the developed a mathematical model of large, from real data, obtained in a Personal Hygiene Industry, providing a practical application to the work on Design and Production Scheduling of Multipurpose Batch Plants, from Professor João Soletti, which enables to perform planning and design of this type of plants. / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A grande maioria dos produtos químicos, certamente em número e provavelmente em valor, se não em volume, é produzida por processos em batelada. Recentes estudos mostram que apenas seis por cento dos processos em batelada foram satisfatoriamente substituídos por processos contínuos. Isto mostra claramente a importância e permanência de tais processos. Estas plantas têm como característica básica a produção intermitente de um determinado produto, com operação não estacionária, incluindo etapas de carga, processamento, drenagem e limpeza, o que dificulta o seu projeto. Sua utilização é recomendada, ou por razões tecnológicas ou para atender a necessidade de um mercado incerto e dinâmico, como é o caso de produtos de alto valor agregado e de pequena demanda. Um importante aspecto desse tipo de planta é a sua flexibilidade na produção de múltiplos produtos em uma única planta. As operações em batelada são economicamente justificadas quando um grande número de produtos é realizado utilizando caminhos de produção similares. Devido à dificuldade da previsão do pico e da extensão da demanda, as configurações desse tipo de planta são frequentemente alteradas e os equipamentos são, geralmente, pequenos e versáteis, podendo ser utilizados por um grande número de produtos. A alimentação deve ser flexível, o suficiente, para se adaptar à necessidade do mercado e o ciclo de vida do produto é, geralmente, curto. O Brasil ocupa o terceiro lugar no ranking mundial em vendas de produtos de higiene pessoal, perfumaria e cosméticos. A indústria desse setor, objeto do estudo, atinge, a cada ano, mais consumidores e a natureza do sistema de produção nesse setor é por processo em batelada. Com a atual complexidade do mercado globalizado e competitivo, é necessário que as empresas busquem otimizar processos, reduzir custos e obter ganhos de escala. Em vista disto, desenvolveu-se um modelo matemático de grande porte, a partir de dados reais, obtidos em uma Indústria de Higiene Pessoal, possibilitando uma aplicação prática à tese sobre Dimensionamento e Programação da Produção de Plantas Multipropósito em Batelada, do Prof. João Soletti, que indica como realizar o planejamento e projeto de unidades fabris.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of pre-brushing mouthwashes on plaque removal on adolescents. The study was conducted following a double-blinded crossover model, for 25 days, with 4-day interval between phases. The study protocol was previously approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of UFSM. Thirty-eight adolescents (mean age 13 years) from a school in Santa Maria- RS randomly used two pre-brushing mouthwashes commercially available (Magic Colgate Plax and Listerine Agent Cool Blue) and two solutions used as control (water + dye and water). A single trained and calibrated examiner (kappa = 0.8) carried out the evaluation of plaque index (PI) (Silness and Löe, 1964) before and after the use of mouthwashes and tooth brushing, assigned as initial and final IP, respectively. The mean IP values were similar between experimental groups at the initial and final (Wilcoxon rank test, p> 0.05) also between buccal and lingual surfaces (Wilcoxon rank test, p> 0.05). Similarly, the plaque reduction (final IP - initial IP) was not statistically different among the solutions (Friedman test, p = 0.782). The use of commercially available and free acquisition pre brushing mouthwash solutions does not influence dental plaque removal in adolescents / Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência do uso de enxaguantes bucais pré-escovação na remoção da placa bacteriana por adolescentes. Foi realizado um estudo seguindo o modelo cruzado, de duplo mascaramento, com duração total de 25 dias, com 4 dias de intervalo entre as fases. O protocolo da pesquisa obteve aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética em pesquisa da UFSM. Trinta e oito adolescentes (idade média de 13 anos) de uma escola estadual da cidade de Santa Maria RS, utilizaram dois enxaguantes bucais pré-escovação disponíveis comercialmente (Colgate Plax Magic e Listerine Agente Cool Blue) e duas soluções controle (água+corante e água), em ordem aleatória. Um único examinador previamente treinado e calibrado (kappa = 0,8) realizou a avaliação dos índices de placa (IP) antes e após o uso dos enxaguantes bucais e escovação dentária, considerados IP inicial e IP final (Silness e Löe, 1964). Os valores médios do IP foram similares entre os grupos experimentais nos momentos inicial e final (Wilcoxon rank test, p>0,05) assim como entre as superfícies vestibulares e linguais/palatinas (Wilcoxon rank test, p>0,05). Da mesma forma, a redução de placa (IP final IP inicial) não foi estatisticamente diferente entre as soluções testadas (Friedman test, p=0,782). O uso de soluções enxanguantes pré-escovação disponíveis comercialmente e de livre aquisição não influencia a remoção de placa dentária em adolescentes.

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar, in vitro, empregando diferentes métodos de análise, a ação de superfície de alguns enxaguatórios bucais experimentais para a prevenção/controle da erosão dental causada por ácido clorídrico incorporando-se diferentes princípios ativos. Um enxaguatório bucal experimental sem aditivos, um enxaguatório para erosão disponível comercialmente, Elmex Erosion® (AmF/NaF/SnCl2) (ELM), e um enxaguatórios acrescidos de 4 diferentes aditivos foram testados quanto a sua capacidade de proteção contra erosão em um modelo de erosão-remineralização, onde as variáveis resposta foram a alteração da micro e da nanodureza e as quantidades de cálcio e fosfato liberadas em solução, determinadas por espectrometria de emissão óptica. Os aditivos utilizados foram: Caseína (CAS 5 g/L), Hexametafosfato de sódio (HMP 0,2 g/L), Tetrafluoreto de titânio (TiF4 3,4g/L) e Fluoreto estanhoso (SnF2 8,7g/L). Espécimes de esmalte bovino foram incluídos em resina acrílica e polidos. Esses foram distribuídos nos grupos (n=8) e ciclados da seguinte forma: (1) Imersão em 20 ml de ácido clorídrico (HCl) a 0,01M pH = 2,4 por 10 s, (2) imersão em 20 ml de saliva artificial por 60 s, (3) imersão em 20 ml de solução teste por 30 s e (4) imersão em 20 ml de saliva artificial por 60 s. Este ciclo foi repetido por 3 vezes por um dia e as soluções utilizadas foram armazenadas para posterior avaliação. Para microdureza, os espécimes tratados com ELM e SnF2 apresentaram os maiores valores de dureza, os quais foram significantemente diferentes de TiF4, que apresentou o menor valor. O ELM, SnF2, CAS e HMP foram semelhantes estatisticamente ao C. Para nanodureza, o TiF4 apresentou menor valor médio de dureza e significantemente diferente do C. O SnF2, ELM, CAS e HMP apresentaram-se estatisticamente semelhantes ao C. Na análise de perda de cálcio da ciclagem final, ELM e HMP resultaram em menor perda de cálcio e estatisticamente diferentes do C. Na primeira imersão, todos os grupos testados, exceto a caseína, mostraram significantemente menor perda que o C e, na segunda, não foi constatada diferença estatística significante. Na análise de perda de fosfato da ciclagem final, ELM e TiF4 apresentaram as menores perdas de íons, sendo significantemente diferente do C. Na primeira e segunda imersões, somente ELM mostrou-se estatisticamente diferente do C. Conclui-se que o ELM, o HMP e o TiF4 protegeram a superfície de esmalte quanto a perda de íons porém os testes de dureza não detectaram essa proteção. / The objective of this study was to compare, in vitro, using different methods of analysis, the effect on surface of an experimental mouthrinse modified with different active ingredients for the prevention / control of dental erosion caused by hydrochloric acid. An experimental mouthrinse without additives, a commercially available mouthwash for erosion Elmex Erosion ® (AmF/NaF/SnCl2) (ELM) and four mouthrinses added 4 different additives were tested for their ability to protect against erosion in a model of erosion-remineralization, where the response variables were the change of micro-and nanohardness and the quantities of released calcium and phosphate in solution, determined by optic emission spectrometry. The additives used were: casein (CAS 5 g/L), sodium hexametaphosphate (HMP 0.2 g/L), titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4 3.4 g/L) and stannous fluoride (SnF2 8.7 g/L). Bovine enamel specimens were embedded in acrylic resin and polished. They were ramdomily distributed in groups (n=8) and submitted to the following cycle: (1) immersion in 20 ml of 0,01M hydrochloric acid (HCl), pH = 2.4 10 s, (2) immersion in 20 ml of saliva artificial for 60 s, (3) immersion in 20 ml of test solution for 30 seconds and (4) immersion in 20 ml of artificial saliva for 60 s. This cycle was repeated three times during the same day and the solutions were stored for later evaluation. For microhardness, the specimens treated with ELM and SnF2 showed the highest values of hardness, being significant different from TiF4 solution, which presented the lowest value. The ELM, SnF2, CAS and HMP were statistically similar to C. For nanohardness, the TiF4 had the lowest value of hardness, being significant different from C. The SnF2, ELM, CAS and HMP were statistically similar to C. In the calcium analysis after the last cycle, ELM and HMP resulted in less calcium loss, which was significantly different from C. After the first immersion, all groups tested, except casein, showed statistically lower calcium loss when compared to group C and there was no difference in statistical analysis of loss of phosphate in the second. In analysis of phosphate loss after the final cycle, ELM TiF4 showed the lowest losses being significant different from C. After the first and the second cycles, only ELM was statistically different from C. It can be concluded that the ELM, HMP and TiF4 protect the enamel surface against ions loss but the hardness tests could not detect this protection.

Orientadores: Paulo César Giraldo, Rose Luce Gomes do Amaral / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T16:38:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ruiz_Camila_M.pdf: 754661 bytes, checksum: 0af2005c32494829a282f4331f1aabb5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Os cuidados com a genitália feminina quanto à higiene pessoal é assunto de interesse de todas as mulheres. Milhares de dólares são gastos por ano com higiene, vestimentas, uso de produtos para depilação, adornos sem que se determine a eficiência, eficácia, necessidade, consequências ou resultados das mesmas. A forma, frequência e ocasiões não são claras, necessitando de fundamentação científica. Objetivo Avaliar a prática cotidiana do cuidado com a genitália feminina em médicas ginecologistas, incluindo os cuidados diários de higiene, uso de tatuagens e piercings genitais, depilação, vestimentas e uso de absorventes sanitários e hábitos sexuais.Desenho do Estudo: Estudo analítico descritivo. Questionário auto-respondido com 60 perguntas relacionadas aos cuidados diários dos genitais femininos e hábitos de vestimenta, uso de adornos e comportamento sexual foi aplicado em 220 médicas ginecologistas, no período de junho à setembro de 2013 durante congressos da especialidade. O registro e armazenamento dos dados utilizou o programa Microsoft Office Excel. Os resultados foram analisados através de estatísticas descritivas (frequências, média e desvio padrão). Resultados: A média de idade das entrevistadas era de 37,3 anos (DP±12,9), 71,3% eram brancas.A taxa de aceitação foi de 94, 6%. Quase metade (46, 8%) estava formada entre 1 e 10 anos e permaneciam fora de suas casas por períodos acima de 10 horas consecutivas (53,6%). Apesar disto,mais da metade, referiram que tomam 2 banhos por dia (55,9%), A maioria usava apenas papel para secar a vulva após as micções (66,3%).Somente 21,5% lava a região anal com água e sabão após a evacuar, e 48,6% usam desodorantes íntimos com frequentemente. A higiene genital é feita com sabonete líquido por apenas 39% das entrevistadas e 6,8% usam sabonetes bactericidas. Um quinto faz duchas vaginais, 52,7% higienizam-se antes da relação sexual e 78,5% lavam a área genital após o coito apenas com água. O protetor diário (absorventes higiênicos) é usado no período intermenstrual por 41%. Mais de 85% usam roupas íntimas de algodão apesar de que 62,7% usam calças Jeans apertadas. A maioria faz depilação genital (89,15%) e menos da metade destas (48,6%) não usam produtos de hidratação ou para evitar complicações na região. O perfil sexual mostrou que mais da metade das entrevistadas tinham frequência de relações sexuais de 1 a 3 vezes por semana, praticavam sexo oral e anal em 47,2% e 22,2% respectivamente. Mais de 29% delas relataram dor nas relações em intensidades variadas e 24,5% usam condom. / Abstract: The care of the female genitalia as personal hygiene and sexual practice are matters of interest to all women. Thousands of dollars are spent every year on hygiene, clothing, use of products for depilation, ornaments, use of erotic products, without which determine the efficiency, effectiveness, necessity, consequences or results thereof. The form, frequency and timing are unclear and require scientific foundation. Objective: To evaluate the daily practice of care for female genitalia in medical gynecologists, including higyene habits, genital tattoos ands piercings, use of sanitary pads and clothing. Study Way: A descriptive analytical study. A questionnaire was administered to 220 medical gynecologists with 60 questions self-administred , in congress of specialty in the period from june to september related to the daily care of the female genitals and habits of dress, use of ornaments and sexual behavior. The recording and storage of data used Microsoft Office Excel program. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequencies, means and standard deviations) to identify the interrelationships among the most significant variables. Results: The mean age of respondents was 37.3 years (SD ± 12.9) and 71.3% of them are white. The acceptance rate was 94,6%. Almost half (46, 8%) of the gynecologists were between 1 and 10 years of graduation, and 53.6% remain out of their homes for periods over 10 consecutive hours. Nevertheless 55.9% reported taking 2 showers a day, and 52%, washing genitals 2 times per day, in counter point to the fact that only 66.3% use paper to dry the vulva after urination. Only 21.5% wash the anal area with soap and water after bowel movements and 48.6% of them frequently use intimate deodorants. The genital hygiene with liquid soap is made by only 39% of respondents and 6.8% use antibacterial soaps. About 20% make vaginal douches on frequency and time variables, 52.7% sanitize yourself before sex and 78.5% wash the genital area after intercourse, with just water. Daily Protector (sanitary napkins) is used in the intermenstrual period by 41%. The sexual profile found that 50.9% of respondents had frequency of sexual intercourse 1-3 times a week, engaged in oral and anal sex in 47.2% and 22.2% respectively. Over 29% reported pain in varying intensities intercourse and 24.5% them use condom / Mestrado / Fisiopatologia Ginecológica / Mestra em Ciências da Saúde

The uncontrolled spread of COVID-19 pandemic has surpassed all the expectations. Nations closed their boarders; the economy is going into recession and the whole world is suffering from the emerged pandemic. Although the effects of the pandemic economically and socially can be measured and estimated, thought the changes in the buying behaviour of customers is not easily predicted. As hygiene products demand went up and supply went down causing panic hoarding by some of the consumers. It became interesting for the researchers to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the brand preferences in purchasing decisions for hygiene and food products. As a result, the main purpose of this master thesis is to broaden the scope of consumer behaviour as a field by adding a complementary empirical perspective to the current literature on how a pandemic affects brand preference in purchasing behaviour, since it is a topic lacking in empirical research. Furthermore, based on the branding theory and the consumer behaviour theory, the PMO model was built, which provided the bases for collecting empirical data needed for this dissertation. This dissertation was conducted using a qualitative approach with an abductive reasoning. Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with Swedish customers. The findings indicated aspects of price, quality, risk and loyalty became tied to the pandemic in the context of the health aspect of the COVID-19 virus. While there were not much indicating large shifts in preferred brands, there were large changes in health consciousness and qualitative demands on brands due to the pandemic affecting brand preference.

In recent years, menstruation and menstruation hygiene products has had an increased interest, which has resulted in the topic being debated in many parts of the world. Change has been encouraged and some countries have acted to facilitate women's consumption of menstrual hygiene products. Sweden is not one of those countries, which means that menstrual hygiene products are neither free nor have reduced prices in the stores. Therefore, new business models such as online subscriptions need to be explored to increase the availability of menstrual hygiene products in the Swedish society. It can facilitate the buying process for women who consume the products, as the alternatives increase. The purpose of this thesis is to gain knowledge on how subscription-based business models influence the customer experience for women who consume menstrual hygiene products. New research is required to provide a perception of how subscriptions affect customers’ expectations and experience, which can result in a greater understanding of women's customer experience in this area. An interview guide was designed based on previous research and theories to be implemented in the focus groups which constituted the empirical findings. The findings were conducted by using a qualitative exploratory study of four focus groups with four participants in each. The thesis has used the conceptual framework when analyzing the empirical datawith the previous research to be able to identify patterns, similarities and differences. The conclusion of this thesis is that subscriptions to menstrual hygiene products can generate benefits that differ from one-time purchases. Menstruation and menstrual hygiene products is a sensitive topic that requires greater availability on the swedish market and subscriptions are one option. Identified touchpoints are flexibility, convenience, simplicity and time savings, which has a positive effect on the customer experience. Although, customer experience is defined differently and has individual meanings depending on the person. Therefore, it is challenging to measure the customer experience as the influencing factors vary between different people. Though, preferences for what affects the customer experience differ tosome extent between the age groups. Some barriers have been identified and the most prominent is irregular menstruationwhich can make subscriptions more complicated.