Controlled access to confidential information and resources is a critical element in security systems. Role based access control (RBAC) has gained widespread usage in modern enterprise systems. Extensions have been proposed to RBAC for incorporating spatial constraints into such systems. Several solutions have been proposed for such models and much research has now been directed towards enforcing system policies. The thesis proposes a security framework for RBAC systems with spatial constraints based on identity based encryption. Integration of identity based encryption and with zero knowledge proof is proposed to provide authentication and information security. We also show how Near Field Communication can be used to establish the integrity of a user’s proof of location. We discuss the design choices made in the protocol and explain the protocol implementation. Simulation results in Java validate our model. Furthermore, security analysis has been done to show how our framework protects against well-known attacks.

The inquiry based learning is a teaching method that prefers the interests of the pupils and their own activity. Its structure greatly contributes to the development of various knowledge and skills. Although it uses scientific methodological principles, this way of teaching is a suitable method for all pupils regardless of their future orientation. It develops and encourages skills that are necessary for each person, such as using appropriate information. Due to the poor awareness of teachers in our country, this method faces some obstacles that hinder its successful implementation in education. Furthermore, in fact, a lot of available inquiry based lessons are not research-oriented tasks at all. In this theses, there are described several of successful research tasks, in comparison with some IBE lessons which does not correspond to the concept of IBE. In conclusion, I suggest my own example of the inquiry based lesson plan.

Background: Differentiation towards one’s competitors is crucial. Brand can symbolize competitive advantages through intangible assets, though the focus in both companies and academia has largely been on adding intangible values to products. To large extent employees has not been consider as an aspects that could add value, i.e. employees as brand builders.  Recently gained interest in both areas have make it possible to compared them both the see employees possibility to add brand value.   Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe the relationship between employer attractiveness and internal brand equity.   Methodology: Conducted a quantitative study, with a single cross-sectional design and self-completion questionnaire as data collection method. Descriptive statistics and simple linear regression was thereafter performed. All with ethical principles in consideration.   Conclusion: This study provides empirical evidence that confirms a relationship between employees and the brand equity through the concepts of employer attractiveness, and brand equity through the concept of internal brand equity. The study provides a regression analysis between the two concepts that indicates a relationship to a very large extent. The confirmed relationship thus adds new perspectives of how to add intangible value to a brand and thus adds to a potential success.

JUHASOVÁ, P., Invertebrate Lectures And Their Use In Leisure Lessons. Master thesis. Praha: Charles univerzsity in Prague, Faculty of Education, 2016. 94 s. In this diploma thesis, practical tasks focused on invertebrate biology are presented. They are targeted for science hobby groups. Detailed instructions for experiments and observations as well as for capturing invertebrates can be found in this diploma thesis. There are described also long-term projects in the form of inquiry-based teaching tasks, construction of man-made outdoor insect nests (so-called "insect hostels") and also the indoor invertebrate keepings. The vast majority of tasks were tested in practice in two science hobby groups, attended by a total of 30 participants. The aim of these tasks is to increase the attractiveness and accessibility of natural science to a wider audience and improving its presentation, but also to arouse positive attitude to nature and all living creatures. Inspiration will be found there not only by leaders of natural science clubs, but also by teachers, who want to incorporate practical work with animals into teaching. Key words: invertebrates, experiment, observation, breeding, inquiry-based edusdion, IBE

The importance of constructing reliable and efficient methods for securing digital information in the modern world cannot be overstated. The urgency of this need is reflected in mainstream media--newspapers and websites are full of news about critical user information, be it credit card numbers, medical data, or social security information, being compromised and used illegitimately. According to news reports, hackers probe government computer networks millions of times a day, about 9 million Americans have their identities stolen each year and cybercrime costs large American businesses 3.8 million dollars a year. More than 1 trillion worth of intellectual property has already been stolen from American businesses. It is this evergrowing problem of securing valuable information that our thesis attempts to address (in part). In this thesis, we study methods to secure information that are fast, convenient and reliable. Our overall contribution has four distinct threads. First, we construct efficient, "expressive" Public Key Encryption systems (specifically, Identity Based Encryption systems) based on the hardness of lattice problems. In Identity Based Encryption (IBE), any arbitrary string such as the user's email address or name can be her public key. IBE systems are powerful and address several problems faced by the deployment of Public Key Encryption. Our constructions are secure in the standard model. Next, we study secure communication over the two-user interference channel with an eavesdropper. We show that using lattice codes helps enhance the secrecy rate of this channel in the presence of an eavesdropper. Thirdly, we analyze the security requirements of network coding. Network Coding is an elegant method of data transmission which not only helps achieve capacity in several networks, but also has a host of other benefits. However, network coding is vulnerable to "pollution attacks" when there are malicious users in the system. We design mechanisms to prevent pollution attacks. In this setting, we provide two constructions -- a homomorphic Message Authentication Code (HMAC) and a Digital Signature, to secure information that is transmitted over such networks. Finally, we study the benefits of using Compressive Sensing for secure communication over the Wyner wiretap channel. Compressive Sensing has seen an explosion of interest in the last few years with its elegant mathematics and plethora of applications. So far however, Compressive Sensing had not found application in the domain of secrecy. Given its inherent assymetry, we ask (and answer in the affirmative) the question of whether it can be deployed to enable secure communication. Our results allow linear encoding and efficient decoding (via LASSO) at the legitimate receiver, along with infeasibility of message recovery (via an information theoretic analysis) at the eavesdropper, regardless of decoding strategy. / text

This thesis describes two proposed schemes that could be used to secure mobile messaging (SMS/MMS) as well as one scheme that could be used to secure mobile content. The security services we considered in securing the mobile messages are confidentiality, authentication, non-repudiation and integrity. We used Identity Based Cryptography in order to secure the mobile messaging and Blowfish algorithm to secure the mobile content. Due to some of the disadvantages imposed by the Identity Based Cryptography, we recommended using it along with the RSA algorithm. The proposed schemes were implemented in java and tested on an actual device, Nokia N70. In addition, we measured the time required by each of the algorithms we used to encrypt/decrypt a certain number of bytes. We found that the time taken by RSA and Blowfish algorithms will not be noticeable by the user. However, since the implementation of the Identity Based Cryptography we used was not meant to run on mobile devices, we encountered a noticeable delay whenever encrypting/decrypting the data using this algorithm. Securing the SMS messages will make it to be considered as one of the proposed means that could be used to conduct m-commerce. In addition, securing the MMS messages and the mobile content will increase the usability and the reliability of the mobile phones especially to the users on the move. / Phone: +46735731360

Dans le cadre d’une action préventive, la mesure de la dose interne pulmonaire est plus pertinenteque la mesure de l’exposition atmosphérique car la dose interne est la quantité de toxique pouvantinteragir avec les cellules de l’épithélium respiratoire. En santé-travail, le dosage urinaire est fréquemmentutilisé mais il ne représente que le résultat final de l’épuration de multiples organes. Lecondensat d’air exhalé (EBC) est le liquide obtenu de façon non invasive après refroidissement del’air expiré d’un sujet au repos. Ce liquide est constitué de l’aérosolisation du liquide recouvrantl’épithélium respiratoire du compartiment alvéolaire et aussi du compartiment trachéobronchique oubronchique. Nous proposons d’utiliser l’EBC comme une approche alternative pour la surveillancebiologique des salariés. Les modèles cinétiques d’épuration pulmonaire actuels montrent que lesparticules déposées dans le compartiment alvéolaire ont une épuration très lente. Nous avons doncvoulu savoir si l’EBC était une matrice reflétant l’exposition pulmonaire en particules inhalées.Objectifs : 1) évaluer la faisabilité de la détection de particules minérales ou métalliques dans l’EBCde salariés exposés, 2) corréler la concentration de ces particules dans l’EBC avec les concentrations atmosphériques de ces particules obtenues pendant le poste de travail et avec les dosages urinaires.Matériel et Méthode : Nous avons analysé les EBC de salariés issus de trois secteurs d’activité professionnelle. La 1ère étude concernait un salarié d’une unité de broyage de muscovite atteint d’une infiltration pulmonaire diffuse. La 2ème étude était une étude « exposé/non-exposé »concernant un groupe de soudeurs utilisant la technique « metal inert gaz » (MIG). La 3ème étudeétait une étude « exposé/non-exposé » de salariés exposés à des composés solubles de bérylliumdans le secteur de l’aluminerie dans 2 entreprises différentes.Résultats Etude n°1 : L’analyse minéralogique de l’EBC a retrouvé des particules ayant le même profil spectral en spectrométrie Raman que les particules prélevées dans l’atmosphère de l’entreprise. L’analyse minéralogique du parenchyme pulmonaire a montré la présence d’une concentration élevée de particules compatibles avec des particules de muscovite.Etude n°2 : Les concentrations de manganèse et de nickel dans l’EBC (Mn-EBC, Ni-EBC) dosées par ICP-MS étaient significativement plus élevées chez les soudeurs que chez les témoins alors que cette différence n'était pas significative pour le Mn urinaire (Mn-U). Les concentrations de Mn-EBC et de Ni-EBC ne sont pas corrélées avec leur concentration respective dans l'urine. Les régressions linéaires ont trouvé des coefficients significativement positifs entre les concentrations de Mn-EBC,Ni-EBC, Ni-U et Cr-U et les indices d’exposition cumulée.Etude n°3 : Les concentrations de béryllium et d’aluminium dans l’EBC (Be-EBC, Al-EBC) étaient significativement plus élevées chez les sujets de l’entreprise n°1 que chez les témoins alors que leurs concentrations dans les urines ne l’étaient pas. Les régressions linéaires ont trouvé des coefficients significativement positifs entre les concentrations de Be-EBC et celle d’Al-EBC mais aussi entre les concentrations de Be-EBC et l’indice d’exposition cumulée. Les concentrations d’Al-EBC et Al-U étaient significativement plus élevées chez les sujets de l’entreprise n°2 que chez les témoins. [...] / Medical follow-up of employees in occupational medicine requires the use of biological exposure indices that are frequently measured in urine or blood and thus reflect the result of purification by multiple organs. It seems appropriate to evaluate the internal pulmonary dose of occupational toxins to detect their potential early impact. This internal dose could previously only be known after performing invasive techniques such as bronchoalveolar lavage. The exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a liquid obtained non-invasively after cooling the exhaled air of a subject at rest. It consists of the aerosolization of the liquid that covers the respiratory epithelium of the alveolar compartment and the tracheobronchial or bronchial compartment. Many studies have investigated the markers of inflammation in this matrix but very few have studied the markers of exposure. The current clearance lung models show that the clearance of inhaled particles is variable depending on the region (tracheobronchial , bronchiolar or alveolar region) and a significant proportion of these particles has a slow clearance. Therefore, we hypothesize that EBC could be a matrix that should reflect the pulmonary exposure of inhaled particles during occupational exposure.AimsThe first aim of our study was to assess the feasibility to detect mineral or metallic particles in the EBC of exposed workers. The second objective was to correlate the EBC concentration of these particles with their atmospheric concentrations measured during work.We analyzed EBC from employees engaged in three occupational activities.The first study involved an employee of a milling unit of muscovite suffering from diffuse infiltrative lung disease who underwent a collection of condensate, a lung biopsy, and a dual-source, dual-energy computed tomography. A mineralogical analysis was performed on the EBC, lung tissue, and atmospheric dust collected at the plant.The second study was an exposed-unexposed study on a group of welders using a technique called "metal inert gas" (MIG) welding for assembling steel structures during the production of rail transport (in collaboration with the Association Santé Travail de l’Arrondissement de Valenciennes - ASTAV). Metals of interest in this study were manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), and chromium (Cr). Air samples were performed at the plant in order to calculate a cumulative exposure index for the week and thence the welding history for each metal of interest.The third study was a national exposed-unexposed study of workers exposed to soluble beryllium compounds in an aluminum smelter (in collaboration with the Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité - INRS). The recruitment of exposed subjects was carried out in the electrolysis area production (Area “A”) and in the area of anodes repair (area “B”). Metals of interest in this study were the beryllium (Be), and aluminum (Al). A task-exposure matrix allowed us to calculate a cumulative exposure index of beryllium.Groups (exposed and control) of the second and third study underwent a collection of condensate, a urine collection (U), and pulmonary function tests (PFT) including measurement of exhaled NO. Cumulative exposure indices were correlated with metal concentrations in EBC.The use of new techniques was necessary for the determination of particles in the EBC as Raman spectroscopy for mineral muscovite particles (collaboration with EA 4490 Faculty of Dental Surgery) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP- MS) for the metal particles in the EBC (in collaboration with the Ultra Trace Analyse Aquitaine - UT2A ) and urine (in collaboration with the Centre Universitaire de Mesures et d’Analyses – CUMA, Lille 2 ). [...]

Identy based cryptography has been, for a few recent years, the most active area of research and currently is of a great interest to the researchers groups. In general case the root of ID based cryptography is that user identifying data is used like a public key and so is no need of certificates for the user authentification. In this work we survey a few basic the most influent cryptoschemes. We attempt to answer what is needed for constructing an efficient IBE scheme. There are trustworthy cryptoschemes that uses elliptic curves and bilinear pairings in nowadays. We use these mathematical implements for efficient cryptoscheme too. And finally, there is a pilot software realization for this scheme.

This diploma thesis proposes a modern way of teaching leaf morphology in elementary school. It includes research that builds on the bachelor thesis ,,The leaf as an organ of higher plants - creation of photographic collection of leaves". The theoretical part contains an analysis of the objectives and trends of contemporary learning and teaching methods, and also summarizes the interconnection of teaching leaf morphology with the FEP. The practical part contains an interactive learning program with elements of inquiry-based education aimed at teaching leaf morphology. The research in this paper compares the quality of students' knowledge learned by the compiled program and the students learned the traditional way.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The use of organic solvents in the work environment represents a significant risk to workers health. The painters composed, among others, a group of individuals who are in direct contact with solvents through the respiratory and dermal route. The biological monitoring, through biological exposure index (BEI) determination, can ensure the emergence of chronic occupational diseases, even in a long-term exposure. Thus, it was aimed to optimize and validate a methodology using high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV), for the simultaneous quantification of the following BEI: hippuric acid (HA), 3-methylhippuric acid (3mHA), mandelic acid (MA) and phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA) in urine to the solvents toluene, xylene, styrene (MA and PGA) and ethylbenzene (MA) respectively. In addition, there are reports that organic solvents, among other agents, cause imbalance in pro - and antioxidant defenses of the body, causing damage to the health of workers due to the oxidative stress. So, we quantified some blood biomarkers of oxidative stress, and its possible relationship to the levels of BEI in painters (n = 50) of an industry in Caxias do Sul, Brazil, and compared with non-exposed subjects. Thus, the biomarkers analyzed were: endogenous antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx); exogenous antioxidants such as vitamins C and E; in addition we determined two biomarkers of oxidation, in lipid peroxidation, we evaluate the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and in oxidation of proteins, we analysed protein carbonyl (PCO). The analytical parameters evaluated were linearity, accuracy, recovery and limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ). For all the analysed BEI, the linear regression coefficient > 0.99; CV% < 6 %; bias% < ± 10; recovery > 95%; LOD between 0.001 to 0.009 g.L-1 and LOQ between 0.04 to 0.02 g.L-1. In the application of the method, in exposed group (n=50), everyone had urinary concentration of HA; 2.5% of those were above the reference values (RV) and only 8% of these, had values above the biological exposure limit (BEL). Methylhippuric acid was found in 96%, PGA in 30%, and MA in 26% of the samples analyzed, those values, were all below the BEL. Among non-exposed ones, only urinary HA has been found, the values were 0.058 to 0.23 g / g creatinine. In relation to the oxidative stress biomarkers, the levels of plasma MDA and serum PCO were significantly increased compared to controls (p <0.01). The levels of erythrocyte GSH (p<0.05); blood SOD, CAT and GPx (p<0.001) were also significantly increased, showing an increase in antioxidant system in response to the deleterious effects of exposure to paints. The levels of exogenous antioxidants, such as vitamin C and vitamin E were significantly reduced in these subjects (p<0.05) compared to control. Moreover, it was observed a correlation between the biomarkers of oxidative stress and some BEI. The urinary mandelic acid, biological exposure index for styrene and ethylbenzene, showed a positive correlation with the enzymes SOD and CAT, and the MDA (p<0.01) and a negative correlation with vitamin E (p<0. 05). The hippuric acid found in urine samples showed a positive correlation with the blood levels of GPx (p<0.001). Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between MDA and PCO (p<0.001), and negative correlation between PCO with GPx, with vitamin C and with E (p <0.05). The results of the validation methodology showed linearity, precision and accuracy, allowing conclude that the method is reliable to quantify the biological exposure indices, HA, mHA, MA and PGA, simultaneously. Furthermore, the levels of these BEI showed to be within the biological exposure limits. The biomarkers of oxidative stress related to lipid peroxidation and the oxidation of proteins were significantly increased even with an increase in endogenous antioxidants analyzed, GSH, SOD, CAT and GPx. Moreover, there was a depletion of exogenous antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E. So with this work we can suggest that the biological exposure limit for the metabolites of toluene, xylene, styrene and ethylbenzene analyzed, failed to ensure the balance in antioxidant/oxidant status to exposed workers. / O uso de solventes orgânicos no meio ocupacional representa significativo risco à saúde do trabalhador. Os pintores compõem, dentre outros, um grupo de indivíduos ocupacionalmente expostos aos solventes, através da via respiratória e dérmica. A monitorização de indicadores biológicos de exposição (IBE) pode assegurar, em longo prazo, o não aparecimento de doenças crônicas ocupacionais. Desta forma, objetivou-se otimizar e validar uma metodologia utilizando cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detector ultravioleta (CLAE-UV), para a quantificação simultânea dos seguintes IBE: ácidos hipúrico (HA), 3-metilhipúrico (3mHA), mandélico (MA) e fenilglioxílico (PGA) em urina, dos solventes tolueno, xileno, estireno (MA e PGA) e etilbenzeno (MA) respectivamente. Além disso, existem relatos de que solventes orgânicos, dentre muitos outros agentes, ocasionam desequilíbrio nas defesas pró- e antioxidantes do organismo, ocasionando danos à saúde dos trabalhadores devido ao estresse oxidativo. Portanto, quantificou-se alguns biomarcadores sangüíneos do estresse oxidativo, verificando-se sua possível relação com os níveis dos indicadores biológicos em pintores (n=50) de uma indústria da cidade de Caxias do Sul, RS, comparando-os com os indivíduos não expostos ocupacionalmente. Assim, os biomarcadores analisados foram: antioxidantes endógenos como a glutationa reduzida (GSH), as enzimas superóxido dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) e glutationa peroxidase (GPx); antioxidantes exógenos como as vitaminas C e E; e os biomarcadores de oxidação, no caso da peroxidação lipídica, o malondialdeído (MDA), e da oxidação de proteínas, as proteínas carboniladas (PCO). Os parâmetros analíticos de validação foram linearidade, precisão, exatidão, recuperação e limites de detecção (LD) e quantificação (LQ). Para todos os IBE analisados, os coeficientes de regressão linear > 0.99; CV% < 6%; bias% < ±10; recuperação > 95%, LD entre 0,001 a 0,009 g.L-1 e LQ de 0,04 a 0,02 g.L-1. Na aplicação do método validado, das amostras de indivíduos expostos (n=50), todos apresentaram concentração urinária de HA; 2,5% destes, acima dos valores de referência (VR) e apenas 8% destes, apresentaram valores acima do índice biológico máximo permitido (IBMP). Foram encontrados mHA em 96%, PGA em 30%, e MA em 26% das amostras analisadas, sendo estes valores, todos abaixo do IBMP. Dentre os indivíduos não expostos (n=30), somente HA foi encontrado, os valores foram de 0,058 0,23 g/g de creatinina urinária. Quanto aos biomarcadores do estresse oxidativo, os níveis de MDA plasmático e de PCO sérica foram significativamente aumentados comparados aos controles (p<0,01). Os níveis de GSH eritrocitária (p<0,05); SOD, CAT e GPx (p<0,001) sangüíneas também foram significativamente aumentados, demonstrando um aumento no sistema antioxidante em resposta aos efeitos deletérios da exposição às tintas. Os níveis de antioxidantes exógenos, vitamina C e vitamina E estavam significativamente diminuídos nestes indivíduos (p<0,05) quando comparados aos controles. Além disso, foi observada correlação entre os biomarcadores do estresse oxidativo e os IBE. O ácido mandélico urinário, indicador de exposição ao estireno e ao etilbenzeno, apresentou correlação positiva com as enzimas SOD e CAT, e com o MDA (p<0,01), e uma correlação negativa com a vitamina E (p<0,05). O ácido hipúrico urinário apresentou correlação positiva com os níveis sangüíneos de GPx (p<0,001). Além disso, foi encontrada correlação positiva entre MDA e PCO (p<0,001); e correlação negativa das PCO com GPx, com vitamina C e E (p<0,05). Os resultados da validação metodológica demonstraram linearidade, precisão e exatidão, permitindo concluir que o método é confiável para quantificar os indicadores biológicos de exposição, HA, mHA, MA e PGA, simultaneamente. Além disso, os níveis dos IBE mostraram-se quase que na sua totalidade, dentro dos índices biológicos máximos permitidos. Os biomarcadores do estresse oxidativo relacionados com a peroxidação lipídica e com a oxidação de proteínas apresentaram-se significativamente aumentados mesmo com um aumento dos antioxidantes endógenos analisados, GSH, SOD, CAT e GPx. Por outro lado, observou-se uma depleção dos antioxidantes vitamínicos exógenos, como as vitaminas C e E. Assim, com este trabalho é possível sugerir que os IBMP, para os IBE dos solventes orgânicos tolueno, xileno, estireno e etilbenzeno analisados, não asseguram o equilíbrio antioxidante/oxidante nos trabalhadores expostos.