The development of IC design industry was mainly affected by two drive factors: end product and technology. These drive factors also has brought about market enlargement and integration. Enlargement and integration might also come after a new technology field. At the beginning period, pioneer arrives first, and others follow continually. Efficiency competition ranks company, company would be led to make strategic choice. Finally, company would be divided into 3 area will be se with 2 dumensions of ROA and Market Share: Main area, Potential area, and Sink area. The company of different area would have distinct strategy: Main area would choose major technology at the current market, while potential area would focus on advanced one. Sink area would want to survive so that he might ask for low end product or technology. As long as the major technology changes, the market might also changes. Due to technology goes rapidly, company will be much sensitive with the technology change. Internal research will be easily restricted by current value chain, so external organization will be better for the innovateion research. Last chapter, I compared with Taiwan and United States in strategic view and business model. Taiwan hasn¡¦t catch up with US¡¦s advanced technology and standard barrier, whilie United States has already follow Taiwan with low cost and speed. Taiwan did really face some problem. We recommend that companies in Main area and Potential area should cooperate with each other. Main area focus on continue Taiwan¡¦s advantages. Potental area try to make advanced one. With SIP licences, transactions and technology M&A, two area can easily grow and bloom.

A Study of Dynamic Resource on IC Design Industry

Abstract¡G This study imitated the IC package with different solder mask thickness in different environment of the temperature and moisture to see if the adhesion strength changed after IR-Reflow process. The temperature and moisture of the environment were decided base on the possible conditions that the IC package might encounter in the real situation. After the temperature and moisture in the environment worked interactively and reciprocally, we found that the thickness of solder mask indeed cause the change of adhesion strength. The thickness of solder mask affected by the raising of the temperature and moisture caused the apparent reduction of the interface adhesion strength due to the softening of the material and the penetrating of the moisture. Besides, the specimen fracture surface occurred between solder mask and FR-4 substrate under any experimental conditions and progress confirmed that the measured strength is the adhesion strength between solder mask and FR-4.

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Acquiring an infection during a hospital stay is a hazard for patients throughout the world. Over 1.4 million people worldwide are suffering from infections acquired in hospital. Five to ten per cent of patients admitted to modern hospitals in developed countries acquire one or more infections, whereas patients in developing countries have a higher risk, around two to twenty times this figure. Paediatric patients, especially neonates and infants, have an additional risk of infection because of their compromised immune system. The purpose of this study was to explore the factors which contribute to the spread of infection among children in paediatric wards in a developed and a developing country: England and Thailand. Method: An ethnographic approach was utilised to identify practices which promote or prevent the spread of infection in each country. Purposive sampling was employed to recruit ten nurses in England and ten nurses in Thailand. Ethical approval was obtained from De Montfort University (DMU), National Research Ethics Service and the ethical approval committee in Thailand. Nonparticipant observations and semi-structured interviews were the main methods of obtaining data in clinical settings. Data from the observations and interviews were transcribed and coded using thematic content analysis. Results: Hospitals in Thailand and England faced the same problems regarding attitudes, values and beliefs which contribute to infection control difficulties in children, particularly poor hand hygiene. Good attitudes and beliefs will promote good practice. Moreover, education and training can raise perceptions and promote good practice. However, in terms of different cultures and circumstances, the key factors explaining different implementations between the two countries are resources, lifestyle, and religion. Conclusion: Even within the same hospital, different backgrounds including education, cultures, policies and support result in different factors which impact on paediatric patients. Individuality and personal responsibility for infection control practice are the most significant factors influencing compliance with best practice.

1. ABSTRACT Myosins are proteins that convert chemical energy stored in ATP into mechanical force that is applied on an actin filament. Nuclear myosin 1 (NM1) was the first myosin detected in the cell nucleus. Together with nuclear actin they were shown to play important roles in DNA transcription and chromatin remodeling. However, the molecular details of the NM1 functions are largely unknown. To expand our knowledge about this molecular motor we studied tissue expression, mechanism of nuclear localization and molecular interactions of this myosin motor. In the first part we examined the expression pattern of NM1 in various mouse tissues. We demonstrated that NM1 is present in cell nuclei of all mouse tissues examined except for cells in terminal stages of spermatogenesis. Quantitative PCR and western blots demonstrated that the expression of NM1 in tissues varies, with the highest levels in the lungs. NM1 is a nuclear isoform of earlier identified myosin 1c (Myo1c), which was described initially as a cytosolic, and plasma membrane associated protein. The only known difference between these two proteins was the presence of additional 16 amino acids at the N-terminus of NM1. Next we focused on the influence of NM1 domains, including the N-terminus, on the subcellular localization of this protein. We found...

This study investigates potential motivations for intellectual capital (IC) reporting in management reports of 428 German companies for the accounting year 2010. To infer motivations, agency theory and legitimacy theory are applied to test which theory better explains IC reporting. To approach methodological issues regarding how to measure IC value and IC reporting, the study is structured in three research projects. The first two research projects analyse methodological approaches, providing the basis for testing theories in project three. In the first project, a novel measure to estimate IC value is identified in the area of mergers and acquisitions research and innovatively applied to the area of IC research. This novel long-run value-to-book measure allows testing of previously untested IC-related hypotheses. The second research project supports a parsimonious design of a research framework for an IC content analysis and specifies which IC components are important to focus on. In the final project, the results show that legitimacy theory better explains IC reporting compared to agency theory. According to the findings, IC reporting is motivated to legitimise a company’s market position and to justify the use of intangible resources. The findings of this study contribute to the research areas of measuring IC value, analysing IC content, and applying theories to IC reporting.

This research proposes the architecture of motor driver IC for the application of small BLDC motors. Both analog and digital mixed-mode techniques are employed here to design BLDC fan motor driver IC. The controlling method of this motor driver IC mainly utilizes analog approach. Besides, in order to prevent any damages on motors due to abnormal operations, digital control circuit is also involved in this IC. This motor driver IC is used in heat-sinking fan on notebooks as well as on the motors with very small impedance, so the IC is designed to be able to work in low supply voltage, and has high driving capability at the output stage. Via the feedback signal generated by the Hall sensor, it controls the motor driver IC so that the IC can supply current accordingly to stator coil. Therefore, the purpose of controlling motors is then achieved.

The main objective of this research is to studying the moisture effect on warpage of PBGA via IR-reflow process by utilizing Shadow Moirè method. The relationship between precondition variations and moisture content of PBGA is also studied.