Thesis (Ph. D.)--Iowa State University, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 116).

This thesis deals with issue of the international trade with corn in terms of import to the Czech Republic. The target is to predict trends in trade with corn on the czech agricultural market in the world and according to selected criterions. Individual predictions are made using Gretl in future periods in the time from 2016 to 2020, where their essence is to evaluate theoretical and real dates in the development of maize in different years and indicators. The methodology is based on a coherent and deductive procedure. The main methodological framework of the work is structured analysis, which consists of several individual problem-solving stages. They are applied to the case method commodity studies, comparison, description of technical texts, reasoning and logical prediction. Processing the theoretical part of the study follows from legal standards, professional literature, articles and sources of printed and electronic character. In conclusion, it was found that the years 2017 and 2018 will develop in the individual indicators diversely, unstable. However, future prospects expect stabilization of business development with corn on the czech agricultural market until 2019. Year 2020 will bring negative development in trade with corn because of high prices. The productive year in the world was predicted in 2016 due to rising consumption and also production.

The PhD thesis is composed of three publications on genomic, metabolic, and cellular integration between the host and its symbionts in the tripartite nested mealybug system. The articles revealed a path to an intimate endosymbiosis that can be compared to what we think happened before (and to some extent after) bacterial ancestors of key eukaryotic organelles, mitochondria and plastids, became highly integrated into their host cells. I argue that these much younger symbioses may tell us something about how the mitochondria and plastids came to be, at the very least by revealing what types of evolutionary events are possible as stable intracellular relationships proceed along the path of integration.

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The master thesis "Analysis of mutual relations between the Czech Republic and China focused on the import position of a company M.A.T. Group, s.r.o." describes the whole import process from China on an example of a concrete Czech company. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is focused on mutual business and investment relations between the Czech Republic and China. The company itself is introduced in the second chapter of the thesis. The third chapter deals with the whole import process and describes all its parts. Following fourth chapter analyses selected problems related to the import process. Confirms or refutes the rightness of the solution, in case of need suggests a new one. The first part of the fifth chapter is focused on Chinese business conventions including culture specifics of Chinese businessmen. In the second part of the fifth chapter a SWOT analysis of the import position of the company is created, that summarizes all the information gathered during elaboration of the thesis, and proposes the import strategy of the company in business relations with China.

Thesis advisor: Welkin E. Johnson / For lentiviruses such as HIV-1, the viral capsid protein (CA) plays a crucial role in replication by facilitating active transport across nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). Nucleoporin Nup358/RanBP2 – a large, multidomain protein that comprises the main component of cytoplasmic NPC filaments – was previously identified as a potential cofactor for HIV-1 nuclear entry, and its C-terminal cyclophilin-like domain (Nup358Cyp) is able to interact with the CA of both HIV-1 and HIV-2. The importance of this interaction to viral replication is unclear though as certain cell-culture experiments suggest CA interaction with Nup358Cyp is dispensable for viral replication, and the CA of several other lentiviruses like SIVmac do not appear to interact with the Nup358Cyp domain. However, we have found that CA interaction with Nup358 is widely conserved among primate lentiviruses and is maintained by natural selection. The exception, SIVmac, likely reflects an evolutionary trade-off allowing escape from rhesus macaque TRIM5Cyp. Together, our observations are strong evidence that the interaction between viral CA and the Nup358Cyp domain must be biologically relevant in vivo. Specifically, by comparing interactions between multiple SIVsm/HIV-2 lineage CAs and several primate orthologs of Nup358, we identified interspecies differences in the Nup358Cyp domain that affect the CA interaction, but only when assayed in conjunction with the preceding Ran-binding domain 4 (Nup358R4). We next found that selection preserves the interaction during cross-species transmission, resulting in adaptation to differences between the Nup358Cyp homologs of the reservoir and spillover hosts. For example, SIVsm CA does not interact with human Nup358R4-Cyp, while HIV-2 CA interacts with both the human and sooty mangabey orthologs. We confirmed these distinct interaction phenotypes in an extended set of SIVsm/HIV-2 CAs, and mapped the difference to a single position – residue 3173 – in the Nup358Cyp domain. The differing ability to interact with human Nup358R4-Cyp is due to residue 85 in the CA 4-5 loops; most SIVsm strains encode a glutamine at position 85, whereas most HIV-2 strains encode an isoleucine. Reciprocal swaps reverse the interaction phenotypes, such that the SIVsm Q85I CA mutant strongly interacts with human Nup358R4-Cyp, while HIV-2 I85Q CA mutant does not. This difference also correlates with differences in single- and multi-cycle infectivity on human cell lines and levels of nuclear import in HeLa cells. Together, these results indicate that HIV-2 adapted to human Nup358 during emergence in humans. We also examined the ability of our CA panel to interact with Cyclophilin A. While all HIV-2 CA interact with CypA, the ability to interact varied among the other SIVsm CA tested, and was absent for SIVpbj. Thus, conservation of CA interaction with Nup358Cyp does not correlate to the ability to interact with CypA, and is not simply a consequence of maintaining the CA-CypA interaction. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2020. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Biology.

In the mid-10th century the import of dirhems from Eastern Europe came to an end. From being a steady flow of Islamic coins from Viking-Age Russia the focus shifted to western European coins such as German and English. Most studies on Viking Age coins and hoards in general have focused on determine the individual coin type and the composition of the hoard in whole. Others have focused on the more social aspects on why the hoards even exist. My study will investigate if it is possible to detect if there are different networks behind the import of coins by analysing the composition of hoards in the transitional phase. By using a correspondence analysis and also GIS analysis, I want to investigate differences and similarities in the hoards composition. The correspondence analysis will show if there are any affiliations between different variables, which a means recurring pattern or combination of data represented in the hoards such as mints, size, TPQ and find distribution on Gotland etc. These presence or absence of affiliations will then be discussed if they could indicate different networks operating the coin import. The material the study is based on are 10th century hoards from Gotland which contain coins from late Islamic dynasties, Germany, England and the Byzantine empire. The result shows no specific indications in the hoards composition on different networks or groups that imported different kinds of coins. There is however a chance that different local groups have imported the same type of coins. The correspondence analysis also clearly visualizes the shift from the import of Islamic dirhams to Western coins.

During the transformation of the bacterial endosymbiont into current mitochondria the protein import apparatus had to be created de novo. The reduced mitochondria (mitosomes) of the parasitic protist Giardia intestinalis represent unique cellular model for the examination of these fundamental transport processes. As the main objective of this project I will try to characterize the motor complex, which propels the protein transport, and also the translocation channel in the inner mitosomal membrane. To this aim I will exploit the presence of two membrane components Pam16 and Pam18, which were discovered in our laboratory, and which constitute the functional core of the motor complex. Based on the information from the analogous systems of yeast and mammalian mitochondria, these two components should physically interact with so far unknown translocation channel. In all other eukaryotes this channel is formed by a conserved protein Tim23. The absence of this protein in the genome of G. intestinalis suggests presence of completely novel, or maybe the original-bacterial protein. Having in hand this simplified mitochodrial model the project has potential to bring not only new data in parasite biology but also generate new information on the function and evolution of mitochondrial protein import.

Diploma thesis deals with the development of export and import of goods and services of EU in years 2001 - 2007. There is the summary of the course before the crisis in 2001-2007 described in this work. The crisis didn't start in all EU countries at the same time. Old member countries were mostly hit by the crisis earlier than new member countries. Current crisis has had big influence at the export and the import of goods and services of EU. Crisis showed us lack both in Eurozone and in EU too.