Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:32:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VivianeAOM_DISSERT.pdf: 3188421 bytes, checksum: 338aa2ec46045198a33e6eea1db0d483 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-13 / The radicular cysts (RCs) and dentigerous (DCs), despite having different etiologies, form a pathological cavity lined by epithelium, which grows due to the buildup of fluid inside, as the surrounding bone is reabsorbed and the epithelium will being induced to proliferate. The epithelial proliferation, which has been identified as one of the key processes in the growth of odontogenic cystic lesions, is influenced by growth factors such as EGFR (epidermal growth receptor factor) and podoplanin (PDPN), many of which may have its production stimulated mainly during inflammatory processes. The objective of this research was to evaluate and compare the immunohistochemical expression of EGFR and PDPN in 30 cases of RCs and 30 cases of DCs, semiquantitatively, in light microscopy, associating it with the degree of inflammation, cellular localization of immunostaining and with the immunostained epithelial layers. Data were statistically analyzed by Chi-square test and Fisher exact test, considering a significance level of 5 %. The results showed high immunoreactivity of both proteins in the lesions studied, only statistically significant difference was observed in immunostaining of PDPN (p=0.033), which proved higher in RCs. The other analyzed parameters showed no relevant significant differences. We conclude that, as EGFR and PDPN showed high immunoreactivity in cystic lesions analyzed, these proteins participate the pathogenesis of these lesions through the epithelial stimulation process, despite having different etiologies. Furthermore, it can infer that the higher immunostaining of PDNP in RCs that DCs showed no distinction indicator between the two lesions, regarding their etiologies, once this protein also showed a considerable expression in DCs, independent of the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate / Os cistos radiculares (CRs) e dent?geros (CDs), apesar de possu?rem etiologias diferentes, formam uma cavidade patol?gica revestida por epit?lio, a qual cresce em fun??o do ac?mulo de l?quido em seu interior, ? medida que o osso ao redor ? reabsorvido e o epit?lio vai sendo induzido a proliferar. A prolifera??o epitelial, que tem sido apontada como um dos processos determinantes no crescimento das les?es c?sticas odontog?nicas, ? influenciada por fatores de crescimento como o EGFR (receptor do fator de crescimento epid?rmico) e a podoplanina (PDPN), muitos dos quais podem ter sua produ??o estimulada principalmente durante processos inflamat?rios. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar e comparar a express?o imunoistoqu?mica do EGFR e da PDPN em 30 casos de CRs e 30 casos de CDs, de forma semiquantitativa, em microscopia de luz, associando-a com o grau de inflama??o, localiza??o celular da imunocolora??o e com as camadas epiteliais imunomarcadas. Os dados foram avaliados estatisticamente por meio de testes do Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher, considerando-se um n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. Os resultados mostraram que houve elevada imunorreatividade das duas prote?nas nas les?es estudadas, sendo observada apenas diferen?a estat?stica significativa na imunoexpress?o da PDPN (p=0,033), que se mostrou mais elevada nos CRs. Os demais par?metros analisados n?o demonstraram diferen?as significativas relevantes. Conclui-se que, como o EGFR e a PDPN apresentaram elevada imunoexpress?o nas les?es c?sticas analisadas, essas prote?nas participam da patog?nese dessas les?es atrav?s da estimula??o epitelial, apesar de apresentarem etiologias diferentes. Al?m disso, pode-se inferir que a maior imunomarca??o da PDPN em CRs do que em CDs n?o se mostrou indicador de distin??o entre as duas les?es, com rela??o ?s suas etiologias, uma vez que nestes ?ltimos essa prote?na tamb?m apresentou express?o consider?vel, independente da intensidade do infiltrado inflamat?rio

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:32:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucianaESCN_DISSERT.pdf: 3458864 bytes, checksum: 6b06fb94520d3a026b77d84075a303b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-20 / Oral lichen planus and pemphigus vulgaris are chronic diseases mucous membrane immune of unknown aetiology that can be observed affecting to the oral mucous. A relevant as regards neoplasies the role angiogenesis in the inflammatory chronic disease pathogenesis as it provides a substancial interest can be considered as being an activity diseases marker; besides being through specialised research of this angiogenic process to improve of understanding pathogenic mechanism. This research proposes to assess angiogenic active through of antibody immunohistochemistry expression antiCD34 antibody in 26 OLP of reticular cases, 14 OLP erosives cases, 18 of PV cases and 15 specimens of normal oral mucosa. The result was submitted non-parametric tests of 5% significance level. It is not statistically significant correlacion was seen regarding between average vessels. However, only be effectively observed the median of OLP cases was larger than pemphigus vulgaris in fact proved average larger than oral normal mucosa (p=0,280). Regarding the microvascular count of CD34 concerning clinic form oral lichen planus (reticular and erosion) increased emphasis is more cross-border average for the form erosion clinic. Despite of the statistic tests could not be more effective (p=0,720). Even though, the results of the research is not sufficient to enable to consider of angiogenic process in the pathogenesis and lesions progression of oral lichen planus and pemphigus vulgaris, we suggest this process is present in both forms lesion, however, more studies must be made in the near future in order to prepare a well-founded proposal / O L?quen Plano Oral e o P?nfigo Vulgar s?o doen?as imunol?gicas cr?nicas mucocut?neas de etiologias desconhecidas que podem acometer a mucosa oral. T?o importante quanto em neoplasias o papel da angiog?nese na patogenia das doen?as inflamat?rias cr?nicas ? de apreci?vel interesse, podendo ser considerado um marcador da atividade da doen?a; al?m de atrav?s da investiga??o desse processo angiog?nico aprimorar o entendimento do mecanismo patog?nico das mesmas. Este trabalho se prop?s a avaliar a atividade angiog?nica atrav?s da express?o imunoistoqu?mica do anticorpo anti-CD34 em 26 casos de LPO reticulares, 14 casos de LPO erosivos e em 18 casos de PV. Os resultados deste experimento foram submetidos a testes estat?stico n?o-param?tricos com n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. N?o foram observadas diferen?as estatisticamente significativas entre o n?mero m?dio de vasos obtidos pela MVC nas les?es. Todavia, foi observado que a mediana dos casos de l?quen plano oral foi maior que no grupo de p?nfigo vulgar, que por sua vez revelou mediana maior que nos casos de mucosa oral normal (p=0,280). No tocante a contagem microvascular de CD34 em rela??o ? forma cl?nica dos l?quens planos orais (reticular e erosivo), verificou-se uma mediana ligeiramente maior para a forma cl?nica erosiva. Apesar de os testes estat?sticos utilizados n?o demonstrarem diferen?a significativa (p=0,720). Ainda que os resultados do presente estudo n?o permitam a afirma??o contundente da participa??o do processo angiog?nico na patog?nese e progress?o das les?es de l?quen plano oral e p?nfigo vulgar, sugerimos que este processo est? presente em ambas as les?es, por?m outros estudos devem ser realizados a fim de que essa hip?tese seja fundamentada

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:32:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AntonioLAP.pdf: 801979 bytes, checksum: bfcf5910a257b5978efceb008f0c1016 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The unpredictable biologic behavior of the oral squamous cells carcinoma has determined extensive research on the evolution of such tumor. Due to the existing relation between the outer cell matrix and the tumor cells, the integrins have been used as markers in the predictive study of the cell behavior. This study aims to analyze immunohistochemically the expression of the integrin ?2?1, ?3?1, and ?5?1 connections for the collagen, the laminin and the fibronectin respectively in 15 cases of squamous cells carcinoma from the lower lip and 15 from the tongue, with different scores of malignance grading. A predominantly diffuse, cytoplasm and granular immunological marking was observed in the majority of the analyzed cases. According to the marking intensity, integrin ?2?1 appeared positive in 80% of the lip and in 93,3% of the tongue cases. The immunological reactivity of integrin ?3?1 was classified as positive in 60% of both the tongue and lip cases. For this integrin, 20% and 33.3% of the tongue and lip cases, respectively, were negative. In relation to integrin ?5?1 the intensity was classified as positive in 53,3% of the cases and strongly positive in 46,7% of those located in the lip. In the tongue carcinomas, the intensity was positive in 46,7% of the cases and strongly positive in 53,3%. The statistic analysis did not show any significant differences or correlation of expression between these integrins nor between the anatomical sites or between different scores of malignancy grading. The expressive immunological marking of the integrins, ?2?1, ?3?1, and ?5?1 in the studied cases of squamous cell carcinomas leads us to think of a great participation of these proteins in oral carcinogenesis; however, our results do not allow us to correlate its expression as an indicator of variations in the biological behavior of this neoplasia / A imprevisibilidade do comportamento biol?gico do carcinoma epiderm?ide oral vem justificando um grande n?mero de pesquisas utilizando biomarcadores que possam contribuir para um melhor entendimento do curso evolutivo dessa neoplasia. Por estarem envolvidas em rela??es entre as c?lulas tumorais e constituintes da matriz extracelular, as integrinas v?m sendo estudadas como poss?veis marcadores preditivos desse comportamento. Este estudo se prop?s a analisar, atrav?s do m?todo da imunohistoqu?mica, a express?o das integrinas ?2?1, ?3?1 e ?5?1, ligantes para o col?geno, laminina e fibronectina respectivamente, em 15 casos de carcinoma epiderm?ide de l?bio inferior e 15 de l?ngua, com diferentes escores de malignidade histol?gica. Observou-se uma imunomarca??o predominantemente difusa, citoplasm?tica e granular na maioria dos casos analisados. Quanto ? intensidade de marca??o, a integrina ?2?1 mostrou-se de forma positiva em 80% dos casos de l?bio e em 93,3% dos de l?ngua. A imunorreatividade da integrina ?3?1 foi classificada como positiva em 60% dos casos de l?bio e de l?ngua. Para esta integrina, 20% e 33,3% dos casos de l?bio e l?ngua, respectivamente, mostraram-se negativos. J? com rela??o ? integrina ?5?1a intensidade foi classificada como positiva em 53,3% dos casos e fortemente positiva em 46,7% daqueles localizados em l?bio. Nos carcinomas de l?ngua, a intensidade mostrou-se positiva em 46,7% dos casos e fortemente positiva em 53,3%. A an?lise estat?stica n?o demonstrou diferen?as nem correla??es significativas da express?o dessas integrinas nem entre os s?tios anat?micos, nem entre diferentes escores de grada??o histol?gica de malignidade. A expressiva imunomarca??o das integrinas ?2?1, ?3?1e ?5?1 nos casos de carcinomas epiderm?ides estudados nos leva a sugerir uma ampla participa??o dessas prote?nas na carcinog?nese oral; no entanto, nossos resultados n?o nos permitem correlacionar sua express?o como indicador de varia??es no comportamento biol?gico desta neoplasia

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RovenaCGJE_DISSERT.pdf: 2142357 bytes, checksum: bbf33b27b7a838600336db16673db325 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The parabrachial complex (PB) is an area of the brainstem responsible for the processing and transmission of essential physiologic information for the survival of the organisms. This region is subdivided in approximately nine subregions, considering morphology, cytoarchitectural and functional characteristic. Its neurons have an extensive network of connections with other regions of the nervous system. The objective in this work was to map the retinal projection to the PB and make a citoarchitectonic and neurochemical characterization of this region in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a primate of the New World. The retinal projections were mapped by anterograde transport of the choleric toxin subunit b (CTb). The citoarchitecture was described through the Nissl method, and the neurochemical characterization was made through immunohistochemical technique to the some neurotransmitters and neuroactives substances present in this neural center. In marmoset PB, in the coronal sections labeled by Nissl method, we found a similar pattern to that evidenced in other animal species. The immunoreactivity against CTb was verified in the PBMv in fibers/terminal, characterizing such as retinal innervations in this area. The immunohistochemical technique reveled that the PB contain cells, fibers and/or terminals immunoreactives to the neuronal nuclear protein, Choline acetyl transferase, nitric oxide synthase, serotonin, enkephalin, substance P, Calcium-binding proteins (calbindin, calretinin e parvalbumin), and glial fibrillary acidic protein. The histochemical technique reveled cells and fibers NADPH-diaphorase reactive. Each one of those substances presented a characteristic pattern of demarcation in PB, and some serve as specific markers of subregions / O complexo parabraquial (PB) ? uma regi?o do tronco encef?lico respons?vel pelo processamento e transmiss?o de informa??es fisiol?gicas essenciais para a sobreviv?ncia dos organismos. Essa regi?o ? subdividida em aproximadamente nove regi?es, considerando caracter?sticas morfol?gicas, citoarquitet?nicas e funcionais. Seus neur?nios possuem uma ampla rede de conex?es com as demais regi?es do sistema nervoso. O objetivo deste trabalho foi mapear a proje??o retiniana para o PB e fazer uma caracteriza??o citoarquitet?nica e neuroqu?mica desta regi?o no Callithrix jacchus (sag?i), um primata do Novo Mundo. As proje??es retinianas foram mapeadas por transporte anter?grado da subunidade B da toxina col?rica (CTb). A citoarquitetura foi descrita atrav?s do m?todo de Nissl e a caracteriza??o neuroqu?mica foi feita atrav?s de t?cnicas imunoistoqu?micas para alguns neurotransmissores e subst?ncias neuroativas presentes neste centro neural. No PB do sagui, nas sec??es coronais coradas pelo m?todo de Nissl, foi poss?vel encontrar um padr?o similar ao que ? evidenciado em outras esp?cies animais. A imunorreatividade contra CTb foi encontrada em fibras terminais do PBMv, caracterizando desta forma uma inerva??o retiniana nessa ?rea. A t?cnica imunoistoqu?micas revelou que o PB cont?m c?lulas, fibras e/ou terminais imunorreativos a prote?na nuclear neuronal, colina acetiltransferase, ?xido n?trico sintetase, serotonina, encefalina, subst?ncia P, prote?nas ligantes de c?lcio (calbindina, calretinina e parvalbumina), e a prote?na ac?dica fibrilar glial. A partir de t?cnicas histoqu?micas verificou-se c?lulas e fibras reativas a NADPH-diaforase. Cada uma dessas subst?ncias apresentou um padr?o caracter?stico de marca??o no PB e algumas serviram como marcadores espec?ficos de subregi?es

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:37:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoacilGS_DISSERT.pdf: 4166780 bytes, checksum: d28a491081df0a86a997a1a2664b7535 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-28 / Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a substance found in many tissues of the body, including as a neurotransmitter in the nervous system, in which may exert varied post-synaptic actions. Inside the neuro-axis, the location of 5-HT neurons is almost restricted to the raphe nuclei of the brainstem, such that 5-HT-immunoreactivity can be considered a marker of the raphe nuclei. The raphe nuclei are located in the brainstem, at or near the midline. The serotonergic groups were originally alphanumerically classified as B1 to B9 towards caudorrostral in rats and can be divided into upper and lower groups. In this study the distribution of serotonergic neurons was studied using immunohistochemistry in the brain of the rock cavy (Kerodon rupestris), a species of rodent endemic to Northeastern Brazil. The cytoarchitectonic location of serotonergic neurons was established in series of adjacent coronal and sagittal sections stained by the Nissl method and immunohistochemistry for 5-HT. Thus, we defined the raphe rostral linear, caudal linear, dorsal, median, and paramedian pontine raphe nuclei, and B9 cluster, constituting the rostral group, and the interpositus, magnus, obscure and palidus, constituting the caudal part of the group, comparable to which has been described for other mammalian species / A serotonina ou 5-hidroxitriptamina (5-HT) ? uma subst?ncia encontrada em muitos tecidos do organismo, inclusive no sistema nervoso como neurotransmissor, onde pode exercer a??es p?s-sin?pticas variadas. Dentro do neuro-eixo, a localiza??o dos neur?nios 5-HT ? quase absoluta nos n?cleos da rafe do tronco encef?lico, de tal maneira que 5-HT neuronal pode ser considerada um marcador dos n?cleos da rafe. Os n?cleos da rafe est?o localizados no tronco encef?lico, na linha m?dia ou suas proximidades. Os grupamentos serotonin?rgicos foram originalmente classificados alfanumericamente como B1 a B9 no sentido caudorrostral no rato e podem ser divididos em grupos superior e inferior. Neste trabalho a distribui??o dos neur?nios serotonin?rgicos foi estudada com imunoistoqu?mica no c?rebro do moc? (Kerodon rupestris), uma esp?cie de roedor end?mica da regi?o Nordeste do Brasil. A localiza??o citoarquitet?nica dos neur?nios serotonin?rgicos foi estabelecida em s?ries de sec??es coronais e sagitais adjacentes submetidas a colora??o pelo m?todo de Nissl e imunoistoqu?mica para 5-HT. Assim, foram delimitados os n?cleos da rafe linear rostral, linear caudal, dorsal, mediano, paramediano e pontino da rafe e grupamento B9, compondo o grupo rostral, e os n?cleos interp?sito, magno, obscuro e p?lido, compondo o grupo caudal, compar?vel ao que j? foi descrito para outras esp?cies de mam?feros

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RovenaCGJE_TESE.pdf: 3622694 bytes, checksum: f04b7feec9686941d276f158d103c97b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-21 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The circadian timing system (CTS) is responsible for the generation and synchronization and the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus has been described as the major circadian pacemaker in many mammalian species. The internal temporal organization managed by SCN is disturbed with aging bringing many pathological disorders that range from loss of complex cognitive performance to simple physiological functions. Therefore, our aim was perform a comparative study of the morphological aspects and neurochemical composition in the SCN of marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) adults and older using immunohistochemical techniques. We found morphometric and neurochemical changes in th SCN o folder animals in comparison to adults, among these a possible decreased in retinal projection to the SCN of older animals, found through a decline in CTB immunostaining, which can occur due atrophy and/or decreasing of fibers from the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT). The Kl?ver-Barrera histological technique strongly suggests a decrease in those fibers from RHT. Also, by means of a morphometric study, it is found a atrophy and numerical decline of neurons in SCN of aged animals, investigated by Nissl technique, and immunostaining with NeuN and calbindin. Relative optical density (ROD) analysis were used to evaluate the expression of some neurochemical components in SCN, such as GFAP expression, which was increased in older, result that indirectly reinforces that morphological changes occurs due the aging; the vasoactive intestinal polipeptide (VIP) showed no expression alteration in SCN of older animals; the serotonin (5-HT) was descreased in the dorsomedial portion of the SCN, and neurpeptide Y (NPY) apparently also decrease due to the increase of age. Many of these modifications were seen in other animals, such as rodents, human primates and non-human primates. These data about marmoset comes to add new information of the effect of aging on structures responsibles for the circadian rhytmicity, and that some behavioral changes controlled by th SCN, and founded in aged animals, may be caused by these morphological and neurochemical changes. Although some results have been quantitatively negative, qualitatively all analysis show significant change comparing adult and older animals, perhaps due to a low sampling number. In conclusion, the marmoset presents several morphological and neurochemical changes in the SCN of aged animals compared to adults, which may result in behavioral changes that favor pathology aging related / O sistema de temporiza??o circadiana (STC) ? respons?vel pela gera??o e sincroniza??o dos ritmos circadianos e o n?cleo supraquiasm?tico (NSQ) do hipot?lamo tem sido descrito como o principal marca-passo circadiano em diversas esp?cies de mam?feros. A organiza??o temporal interna comandada pelo NSQ ? perturbada com o avan?o da idade trazendo in?meros transtornos patol?gicos que v?o desde a perda do desempenho cognitivo complexo a fun??es fisiol?gicas simples. Portanto, nosso objetivo foi fazer um estudo comparativo dos aspectos morfol?gicos e da composi??o neuroqu?mica no NSQ de saguis (Callithrix jacchus) adultos e idosos atrav?s de t?cnicas imunoistoqu?mica. Encontramos modifica??es morfom?tricas e neuroqu?micas no NSQ de animais idosos quando comparado aos adultos, dentre essas uma poss?vel diminui??o da proje??o da retina ao NSQ de animais idosos, encontrada atrav?s da diminui??o na imunomarca??o a CTB, que pode ocorrer devido uma atrofia e/ou diminui??o nas fibras provenientes do tracto retinohipotal?mico (TRH). A t?cnica histol?gica de Kl?ver-Barrera sugere realmente haver uma diminui??o dessas fibras que do TRH. Tamb?m ? visto, atrav?s de um estudo morfom?trico, diminui??o e atrofia no n?mero de neur?nios do NSQ de animais idosos, investigados por meio da t?cnica de Nissl, imunomarca??o a NeUN e a calbindina. An?lises por densidade ?ptica relativa (DOR) auxiliaram na avalia??o da express?o de alguns componentes neuroqu?micos do NSQ, como a express?o de GFAP, que foi aumentada em idosos, dado que indiretamente refor?a estar ocorrendo altera??es morfol?gicas decorrentes do envelhecimento; o polipet?deo intestinal vasoativo (VIP) que n?o mostrou altera??o na sua express?o no NSQ de aniamis idosos, a serotonina (5-HT) que se mostrou diminu?da na por??o dorsomedial do NSQ, e o neuropept?deo Y que aparentemente tamb?m diminuiu sua express?o em decorr?ncia do aumento da idade. V?rias dessas modifica??es foram vistas em outros animais roedores, primatas humanos e n?o humanos, o sagui vem adicionar novas informa??es sobre o efeito do envelhecimento nas estruturas respons?veis pela ritmicidade circadiana e que algumas altera??es comportamentais comandadas pelo STC e vistas em animais idosos podem ser provocadas por essas mudan?as morfol?gicas e neuroqu?micas. Embora alguns resultados tenham sido quantitativamente negativos, qualitativamente todas as an?lises mostram subst?ncial mudan?a ao se comparar animais adultos e idosos, talvez em decorr?ncia de um baixo n?mero de amostragem. Em conclus?o, o sagui mostra in?meras altera??es morfol?gicas e neuroqu?micas no NSQ de animais idosos quando comparado aos adultos, o que podem resultar em altera??es comportamentais que favorecem patologias relacionadas ao envelhecimento