Today it has become standard for organizations to rely on self-serving teams to make decisions since they are believed to provide access to bigger pools of information and knowledge than individual managers. However, while a lot of research has been focusing on how to improve information and knowledge sharing in teams to better promote the making of deliverables, not much has been said about how self-serving teams actually communicate information and knowledge. In this thesis a qualitative study was conducted with seven members of a software-provisioning team to, with particular focus on using IT when communicating, investigate how information and knowledge is communicated within and across team boundaries. Findings in this thesis suggest that there is a tension between information and knowledge sharing in teams. While the formalization of technological channels might facilitate effective information sharing in teams, it could have negative effects on knowledge sharing.

This dissertation provides support for the expansion of traditional definitions of information, to include experiential forms of data (e.g., attitudes, opinions, and familiarity related to the task at hand) that have typically been treated as nonsubstantive and therefore were often been excluded from most of the previous research on group information sharing. This study also examines how to effectively intervene when groups develop norms that privilege or suppress then mentioning of certain types of information during decision-making discussions. In an experimental design, groups worked on a series of three fact similar not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI) cases. Findings indicate that the timing of the introduction of an intervention influences its effect, and that patterns of normative information use over time are different for traditional versus more experiential types of data.

Masters of Commerce / The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to share information is rapidly increasing worldwide. The South African government uses ICT to extend sharing of information and provide services to communities through websites, portals, forums and other online platforms. However, there are still digitally divided communities – without access it these ICTs due to, among others, a lack of necessary computer skills and financial resources. Consequently, these communities miss opportunities to use ICTs to share information with the government. To address the digitally divided communities, the government established an initiative to build community ICT access centres (e-centres). These e-centres have become the intermediaries between government and communities as shared community facilities that provide access to ICTs and connect the digitally divided communities to government services with social and economic benefits. However, there seem to be disparities between the government's roles and the eventual roles played by intermediaries in information sharing between communities and the government. The disparity might lead to intermediaries not providing services expected by communities, which might affect how communities use intermediaries to communicate with the government.

Situation awareness and distributed situation awareness are important concepts in critical care, where large interdisciplinary teams must coordinate their activities through information sharing to provide lifesaving treatment to patients. Little is known, however, about how nurses contribute to distributed situation awareness in different types of intensive care settings. The purpose of this study was to explore information sharing by nurses in two intensive care units, with and without interdisciplinary rounds. The method of rapid qualitative inquiry was used, which emphasizes data triangulation and iterative data analysis. In each of two intensive care units studied, four RNs were observed for eight hours each, and the content and characteristics of information sharing were recorded. This was followed by chart reviews to determine the impact of information sharing by nurses on patient care. The results demonstrated that there was little difference in the type of information shared, the pattern of information sharing by nurses in the two units, and the impact that information sharing had on patient care. An important exception, however, was that nurses in the unit without interdisciplinary rounds contacted physicians twice as often as nurses in the unit with interdisciplinary rounds. The results were integrated into a revised model of distributed situation awareness. / Graduate

The Markle Task Force on National Security in the Information Age was created to produce recommendations on how to best leverage intelligence and information to improve security without compromising existing civil liberties. Their second report proposed that the government set up an information-sharing network using currently available technology to improve our ability to prevent terrorist attacks, while protecting civil liberties. The Markle recommendations have been incorporated into the recent Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004. The proposition is that the Markle task force recommendations are sufficient to achieve the required data integration in the United States. To affirm or falsify the proposition, three existing systems will be reviewed: Alabama's Law Enforcement Tactical System Portal (LETS), Florida's Statewide Data Sharing Effort (FINDER), and Orange County, Florida's Integrated Criminal Justice System. This study found that there is no overall model for national intelligence analysis that incorporates the capabilities that law enforcement has for collection and analysis in with the federal capabilities for collection and analysis. This may ultimately limit the regional systems' success. Recommendations for potential initial models are made. In addition, recommendations for improvement in each regional system are provided. Finally, further research is needed to refine a national intelligence analysis model that can be supported by a distributed information sharing network.

<p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong><strong><p>Problem discussion:</p></strong><p> </p><p>Information Logistics has with the rising of the new technologies developed into a key is-sue for companies seeking competitive advantage. The birth and expansion of Internet has brought down the boundaries that kept business partners from sharing extensive informa-tion between each other (McClelland, 2003). The increase of information has yielded a bet-ter understanding of your business partners and one could perhaps think that it is only positive outcomes derived from the increased information sharing. However, research show upon an extensive need for structuring the information flows which relates to an or-ganization. Gartner group (2003) presented an investigation present ting that managers spend over 49 minutes every day in their mailbox for reading and sending e-mails and Del-phi Group (2002) presented figures saying that executives spend over two hours a day searching for the right information (cited in Sandkuhl, 2005). Expected outcomes for im-proving the information logistics are however not only related to time savings activities, business partners could also expect enhanced improvement regarding business processes and operational efficiency. The need for structuring the information flow is therefore an in-teresting subject to investigate and will also be the focus of this thesis. For specifying and narrowing the theoretical framework the authors have chosen to focus upon information sharing based on a web-based system. <strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this thesis is to analyze how a company can utilize a web-based system to share information with their first tier suppliers. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>In order to fulfil the purpose a case study approach has been chosen whereas semi-structured telephone interviews have been complimented with face-to-face interviews for gathering material. The rationale for the chosen approach was because the information needed to fulfil the purpose was of the character to be found in a qualitative study by going in-depth into the field.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong></p><p>The importance in utilizing a web-based system is for the buyer to facilitate user handiness and provide trustworthy information to suppliers. The shared information has to be cor-rect, easy accessible, and customized for suppliers. Information requested by the suppliers are, updated inventory levels, lead-time from Husqvarna to end customer, back orders, or-der fulfillment, on-time deliveries, complete orders, forecasts, and sell-through information.</p></strong></p><p> </p>

<p>The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how information sharing in distributed development projects can be improved through the use of information sharing tools. Work published on this subject has been investigated and ABB employees whose work highly depends on information sharing have been interviewed.</p>

Problem discussion:   Information Logistics has with the rising of the new technologies developed into a key is-sue for companies seeking competitive advantage. The birth and expansion of Internet has brought down the boundaries that kept business partners from sharing extensive informa-tion between each other (McClelland, 2003). The increase of information has yielded a bet-ter understanding of your business partners and one could perhaps think that it is only positive outcomes derived from the increased information sharing. However, research show upon an extensive need for structuring the information flows which relates to an or-ganization. Gartner group (2003) presented an investigation present ting that managers spend over 49 minutes every day in their mailbox for reading and sending e-mails and Del-phi Group (2002) presented figures saying that executives spend over two hours a day searching for the right information (cited in Sandkuhl, 2005). Expected outcomes for im-proving the information logistics are however not only related to time savings activities, business partners could also expect enhanced improvement regarding business processes and operational efficiency. The need for structuring the information flow is therefore an in-teresting subject to investigate and will also be the focus of this thesis. For specifying and narrowing the theoretical framework the authors have chosen to focus upon information sharing based on a web-based system. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to analyze how a company can utilize a web-based system to share information with their first tier suppliers. Methodology: In order to fulfil the purpose a case study approach has been chosen whereas semi-structured telephone interviews have been complimented with face-to-face interviews for gathering material. The rationale for the chosen approach was because the information needed to fulfil the purpose was of the character to be found in a qualitative study by going in-depth into the field. Conclusion: The importance in utilizing a web-based system is for the buyer to facilitate user handiness and provide trustworthy information to suppliers. The shared information has to be cor-rect, easy accessible, and customized for suppliers. Information requested by the suppliers are, updated inventory levels, lead-time from Husqvarna to end customer, back orders, or-der fulfillment, on-time deliveries, complete orders, forecasts, and sell-through information.

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how information sharing in distributed development projects can be improved through the use of information sharing tools. Work published on this subject has been investigated and ABB employees whose work highly depends on information sharing have been interviewed.

Healthcare in the United States is a system that, organizationally speaking, is fragmented. Each hospital facility is independently operated and is responsible for the hiring of its own employees. However, corrupt individuals can take advantage of this fragmentation and move from hospital to hospital, gaining employment while hiding previous employment history. Traditionally, hospitals have been reluctant to share information on their previous employees, even with other hospitals, for fear of issues surrounding defamation, negligent hiring, and violation of the employee's privacy. However, growth in healthcare services is expected to rise exponentially in the near future, increasing the demand for employees. The need, therefore, to exchange pertinent information regarding employees will become necessary as hospitals seek qualified employees to fill positions throughout their organizations. One way to promote this information exchange is to develop trusted information sharing networks among hospital units. This study examined the problems surrounding organizational information sharing as well as the current level of employee information sharing being conducted by hospitals nationwide. Utilizing a survey of hospital administrators, this study drew upon the theoretical foundations of the Diffusion of Innovation Theory, the Knowledge Management Theory, the Social Exchange Theory and the earlier organizational information sharing frameworks established by Dawes (1996) and Landsbergen and Wolken (1998; 2001) in order to examine the variables that contribute to propensity of hospital administrators to engage in the sharing of employee information with other organizations.